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Hairdressers have seen little rise in their productivity and, yet, for some reason, their income has mostly followed that of society on average. I suppose that, as a non tradeable service, we'll always need people among us to do that job, and they will do it only if they get a decent standard of living - relative to people around with similar qualifications (i.e. not too many, but nevertheless some, slightly specialised ones).

Similarly, Wal mart employees are, for the most part, in the non tradeable sector of the economy. So why are their wage stagnating?

One reason is, as non qualified jobs, anybody can do them. So their stagnant wages reflect the fact that there is harsh competition at the bottom. Some of it comes from workers in the tradeable sector losing their jobs to imports and seeking positions where they can find them. Some of it also comes form immigration, which provides another group of people willing to work for pretty low wages. Another group are all the single parents who have become vulnerable and cannot be choosy in what job they take, because they need to feed their kids and put a roof on them.

Lower classes get squeezed from both sides (immigrants, and middle classes dropping down and putting pressure on their now common wage levels).

Middle classes see some amongst them dropping out (those in industries vulnerable to offshoring or imports. It's a minority, but it's a very visible one), and get nervous. Those that are not in jobs where their work can easily be valued (sales, specialised positions, self employed) feel threatened and are not inclined to fight for their rights. The silent majority then intimidates the rest.

So labout gets cheaper, and capital earns more, relatively speaking. And as Greenspan has deluged us with liquidity, the returns on capital are not great, so the returns on labors become even worse. Society fragments - hey, we're all free to pursue our individual dreams, and loses its ability to defend itself collectively.

You get the "winner takes all" logic in more and more sectors; a return to an increasing concentration of wealth (capital goes to those that already have it), and lots of vulnerable people which are easy to exploit, to scare, and to manipulate - and who are keen to find scapegoats. Pick your choice.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes

by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Mon Nov 28th, 2005 at 05:17:44 PM EST
pretty disdainful, of the jobs, and those in those jobs.  I'm just curious, is that a somewhat patrician view on your point, or do you have some data that those employees are very disgruntled in their jobs.  do you know that the job satisfaction level at walmart is extremely low, for example?  My personal experience on that question is an unbelievably small data base--but they like their jobs.  And they are in the retail sector, so they know they are not going to make the money of a doctor.  But they do think they might move up to a higher level retail job, in the sense of higher paying--or they may just appreciate incredibly flexible hours while they raise a family or work another job.

I'm not the only one who has talked to Walmart customers (or been one) who are thrilled with what they get, or Walmart employees, who love the benefits, pay, and flexiblity of the work place at Walmart. (disclosure--I've never invested, unfortunately, in walmart, or have any connection with the company).

PS: and let's not have some response from a disgruntled
Walmart employee, who might as well be a disgruntled investment banker--let's have some data.

by wchurchill on Tue Nov 29th, 2005 at 02:07:14 AM EST
[ Parent ]
You seem in a strange mood today, wchurchill. Where was the disdain, apart from in your own mind? In particular, there is no discussion of job satisfaction at WalMart in Jerome's post, only the good capitalist-economist assumption that if people had the choice they would take a higher paying job, in general. (Pay used as a shorthand for pay+benefits.)
by Metatone (metatone [a|t] gmail (dot) com) on Tue Nov 29th, 2005 at 05:11:47 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Walmart is now the focus of a national campaign for improvement of its business practices. This falls into three areas:
  1. Employee relations
  2. Outsourcing and supplier relations
  3. Impact on local governments and business

I refer you to the recently started blog:
http://www.thewritingonthewal.net/
as a good entry point into the issues (lots of links to activists groups as well).

I'll just highlight some of the issues, if there is any interest we could have a separate thread on this topic.

  1. Turnover is 50-70% per year. Not a sign of happy workers. Unionization is fought strongly even going so far as to shut stores which have voted to unionize. Many employees are on public assistance for health care or food stamps since full-time employment does not provide a living wage for a single wage earner family.

  2. Demands on suppliers have forced many to migrate to China costing US jobs. There is also plenty of evidence of poor working and labor conditions for the foreign workers.

  3. Walmart demands tax breaks and infrastructure development (like new roads) in communities where it opens new stores. This costs the tax payers money and unbalances the economy by putting existing retailers at a disadvantage. There is documentation that after Walmart's predatory marketing policies in a new area have been successful at driving out competition their prices rise.

Walmart has become the poster child for all the bad trends in corporate behavior and, being the biggest, is where the struggle is now being focused. The Walton family (Mrs. Walton and four children - one deceased) are among the richest people on the plant, while their workers and customers are in the lowest economic strata in the US. Each Walton is worth in excess of $4 billion.

Policies not Politics
---- Daily Landscape
by rdf (robert.feinman@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 29th, 2005 at 11:14:06 AM EST
[ Parent ]
case
WASHINGTON, D.C. (November 4, 2005) - One of the world's most respected economic research, analysis and forecasting companies, Global Insight, released an independent study today that found Wal-Mart saved each American household on average $2,329 in 2004. Wal-Mart also had a net positive economic impact in the form of a .9% increase in real wages and the creation of 210,000 jobs nationwide.
You have presented the "prosecution's argument", and here is part of the defence.

My own experience, admittedly very anecdotal, is their prices are great, their quality is fine, and they create jobs with benefits, that often replace Ma&Pa, with higher wages,--and ma&pa don't have benefits at all.

by wchurchill on Wed Nov 30th, 2005 at 03:26:30 AM EST
[ Parent ]
absolutely correct Jerome.  I've developed a totally inappropriate hot button, I now realize, due to Walmart bashing articles I've read over the past several months (MSM articles, not on this site).  I totally misinterpreted your comments, reading a ton into them that was clearly not there.  My apologies.
by wchurchill on Tue Nov 29th, 2005 at 11:25:37 AM EST
[ Parent ]

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