He definitely doesn't want this price hike to look too much like a political payback. Besides, in the event of crisis the public opinion in the EU may well shift towards considering Europe's reliance on Russian gas in its new energy strategy kind of dangerous. This could make the European ambitions of Gazprom less saleable.
I think Russia made its point, and now Gazprom and the Ukranian government will quietly resolve this dispute. The EU will be more inclined to speed up the construction of the Northern European Gas Pipeline. Basically, for some time Ukraine will be receiving gas it needs from Turkmenistan at $50 per 1,000 cubic meters. President Putin will stay aside from that fuss, and even make comments that the Gazprom leadership could show more desire to reach an agreement...