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We have strong, consistent winds down here - though it seems I was off by a few percent.  New Zealand's main wiond farms, in the Tararuas, average 45% (from an offline Dominion-Post article I cite here, and the website of NZ's largest windfarm here); the oldest farm, in the Wairarapa, averages 43% (ref), while the large facility planned for Wellington is expected to average 47% (ref).  I don't have any estimates for other planned sites, unfortunately, but most are physically close to these, FWIW.

In terms of Kyoto, we have a rather unique problem there: too many cows. And we already generate close to 70% of our power from renewable sources (mostly hydro, with a dash of geothermal), so there's not much scope for emission reductions through replacing generation capacity.  Instead, we have to focus on transport and agricultural emissions - both of which are more difficult to solve.

Given our large amount of hydro, there's obviously a lot of potential for synergy with wind.  And strangely, it seems to be the companies who own dams who are building wind turbines...

Idiot/Savant
No Right Turn - New Zealand's liberal blog

by IdiotSavant on Mon Jul 11th, 2005 at 11:26:36 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Well, even 43% is a dream number here! The token number for far-from-shore off-shore farms is 40%, a number which to my knowledge none of the as yet built near-shore parks approached.

Regarding Kyoto and NZ transport, I heard ocassionally of  the continuing voes of Tranzrail and its reincarnations, maybe some government programme here would make sense.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Mon Jul 11th, 2005 at 04:12:20 PM EST
[ Parent ]
in Denmark are above 45%, IIRC.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes
by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Mon Jul 11th, 2005 at 04:27:15 PM EST
[ Parent ]

I looked up - Horn Rev, the best, was slated to deliver 0.6 TWh per year with 160 MW, that would have been 42.8%. However, calculating from this gigantic Excel table, I see it didn't yet realise that: 0.46 TWh in 2003 (i.e. 32.8%) and 0.367 TWh in 2004 (i.e. 26.2%). Tough, bad wind years and the replacement of faulty generators might have played a role - this year, it already produced 0.291 TWh in the first five months.

(both images: Horns Rev offshore park, Denmark)



*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Mon Jul 11th, 2005 at 05:03:52 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I now had time to calculate the capacity factor for other Danish off-shore farms as well (based on the same Excel table) - it seems I shouldn't have focused on the big ones!

While Nysted, the other large farm (72 turbines, 165.6 MW) achieved 39.7%, the small Samsø park (10 turbines, 23 MW) managed 40.2%, and the even smaller Thyborøn-Harboøre park (8 turbines, 18.4 MW) holds the record with 42.76%. (Older off-shore parks are all much lower.) As all of them were finished in 2003, all the above records were achieved in their first and so far only full year, 2004 - which was a rather weak year, so I'd expect new records this year.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Tue Jul 12th, 2005 at 06:21:41 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Thanks for the data. Actually useful for my job!

The Horns Rev windfarm has been beset by a number of problems and Vestas indeed ended up changing the whole gearboxes for the full wind farm. It cost them in the order of 40m$ (some ot if was paid by ABB, which provided some flawed subsystem).

They've had much better number since the changes, but I'm not sure it's been a full year yet.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes

by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Tue Jul 12th, 2005 at 06:02:42 PM EST
[ Parent ]

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