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Independent: Britons at bottom of table for learning a foreign language

Almost two in three Britons are unable to speak a language other than English, in effect the worst record in Europe, a survey for the European Commission has found. Sixty-two per cent of respondents from the United Kingdom admitted they could not speak any language other than their mother tongue.

This compared with an average of 44 per cent across the EU and just 1 per cent in Luxembourg, the top-ranking country.

Only Ireland, with 66 per cent, outdid Britain, but the situation is complicated there because 11 per cent of the population count Irish as their mother tongue - and virtually all of those can also speak English.

About 700 people were interviewed in every EU country in November and December last year for the report, Europeans and their Languages.The survey monitored progress towards the EU target for all citizens to speak two languages in addition to their mother tongue. But the study found only 38 per cent of Britons spoke at least one foreign language, 18 per cent at least two, and 6 per cent at least three. This compared with an EU average of 56 per cent speaking at least one foreign language, 28 per cent at least two, and 11 per cent at least three.

The UK was one of just six EU countries - with Ireland, Italy, Hungary, Portugal and Spain - where the majority of citizens did not speak any language other than their mother tongue.

by Fran (fran at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 12:31:19 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I've seen a number of articles recently bemoaning that the spread of English as the main international language was actually becoming a competitive disadvantage for native English speakers: in the past, being an English speaker was still somewhat rare and thus an advantage, but now that everybody speaks English, actually knowing other languages becomes the competitive advantage, and that obvioulsy favors native speakers of other countries...

Dommage.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes

by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 03:30:58 AM EST
[ Parent ]
English rules. Suck it up.
by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 03:38:46 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Je le suce haut.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes
by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 03:54:20 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I should write a diary in French on this.
by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 03:57:20 AM EST
[ Parent ]
11% of the population count Irish as their mother tongue my ass. 11% of the population would be hard pressed to have a conversation in fucking Irish. Try doing the survey in Irish and see what results you get.

The problem is that there is no incentive to learn another language when you already speak the trade tongue natively and never need to deal with people who don't speak English - which covers most people in Britain and Ireland. I haven't needed to speak anything except English for years. And that's travelling fairly widely. On top of that, what language would one learn? French was pretty much the only language offered in most schools when I was going through. You might get Spanish and German now.

Only time we had a problem was in deepest, darkest Germany, near the Austrian border. Oh, and Japan.

by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 03:40:37 AM EST
[ Parent ]
What also struck me as funny was

virtually all of those can also speak English

which leads us to the logical conclusion that there are some Gaelic-speakers who don't speak English.

by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 04:02:20 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I missed that. Not many of them left, if any.
by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 04:04:24 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Be aware that the practice of extreme litotes can damage the health.
by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 06:58:37 AM EST
[ Parent ]
You can read the official summary and the full report (both pdf!). (Access non-English versions here.) Lot of interesting detail in there, but I will now only post the data on language skills:

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*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 04:45:01 AM EST
[ Parent ]
How does German qualify for people from Germany??

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes
by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 04:59:19 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Turkish and other immigrants, duh.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.
by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:03:47 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I know where it comes from, but why does it qualify?

(That's my French integrationist "mes ancêtres les gaulois" reflexes kicking in)

Note: "mes ancêtres les gaulois" is in reference to the fact that even in the African colonies, schoolchildren, being a part of France, were taught about their ancesters being Gauls. Same thing for immigrants then and now.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes

by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:21:23 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Because they ask people "what is your mother language", and then "which languages other than your mother language can you speak"?

Only 92% of people in Germany listed German as their mother language, and 7% listed it as a foregn language.

How many, but how many people emigrated from southern Europe to Germany during the 50's and 60's? They are still alive. And the mother tongue is not what they teach you at school, but what you learn from your parents, even if the French school system believes otherwise.

Same thing with Spanish immigrants in Spain.

Question for you to ponder: why does Spanish appear third on the list of second languages in Spain?

That's my French integrationist "mes ancêtres les gaulois" reflexes kicking in
Tscha.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:27:03 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Spanish immigrants in Spain
I meant, in France (or Belgium, or the Netherlands, for that matter)

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:27:53 AM EST
[ Parent ]
   That's my French integrationist "mes ancêtres les gaulois" reflexes kicking in

Tscha.

Sidenote to Migeru: this is another part of why nations are unreal for me. "Mes ancêtres les gaulois" may be 'obviously' surreal when taught to a bunch of blacks or Berbers, because of the color of the skin; but other nationalisms do the same. They do it at schools filled by a lot of children with assimilated ancestors - and in the heads of individuals.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:33:47 AM EST
[ Parent ]
mes ancêtres les gaulois is definitely surreal given that France went out of its way to eradicate the local celtic languages.

As surreal as the white criollos in Latin America using nativist rhetoric to stay in power so they can keep exploiting the indigenous populations.

I really need to write that diary about the supression of the Spanish nationalities. If it were not for our first Bourbon king we wouldn't be in the mess we are re: Catalonia.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:50:04 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I know where it comes from, but why does it qualify?

I think even a French integrationist can distinguish mother tongue and national identity.

Also, these polls concern residents, not citizens. A lot of German immigrants are still not nationalised.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:28:08 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Even if the immigrants were nationalized, it would not magically change their mother tongue.

Jerome calls it "integrationist reflex" but it almost looks like "integrationist blinders".

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:31:37 AM EST
[ Parent ]
From his reply below, it's probably something else. You may be subject to an anti-integrationist-blinder-blinder :-)

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.
by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:37:43 AM EST
[ Parent ]
But it's about language, not nationality. Even if you're an immigrant, the language of the country you live in should not really count - it's not relevant information (whereas your actual mother tongue is another language and is relevant information - the way these questions are framed makes Turkish disappear as a major language in Germany, unless it's in there beyond the top 3 mentioned for each country, but that doesn't seem the case from how the questiosn are asked)

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes
by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:33:01 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Even if you're an immigrant, the language of the country you live in should not really count - it's not relevant information

Why not?

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:35:38 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Even if you're an immigrant, the language of the country you live in should not really count - it's not relevant information
Integrationist reflex again.

The way the questions are framed, there is actually a lot more information than you would allow. For instance: 8% of German residents are not native German speakers, and 7% of those 8% do speak german fluently.

You are also completely missing the reality of multilingual states. Care to look at the "foreign" languages spoken in Belgium? French and German! But aren't those official languages of Belgium? How come they qualify? Well, this actually tells you that the Wallons are more likely to speak German than Flemish, and sheds some light on the internal language politics of the country.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:39:42 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Good point about Belgium. Though, I am still not sure what Jérôme meant with not relevant information, and not sure it is an integrationist reflex.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.
by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:46:10 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I don't know what Jerome meant, but I also don't understand how he found the Czech/Slovak data amusing. Another (former) multi-lingual state.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 06:01:05 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Well, I found that strange, too. You with your girlfriend are better suited to evaluate that, but it is my impression that while Czech and Slovakian are more different than say two major German dialects, they are still close enough for understanding - and watching television in Czechoslovakia must have made the majority bilingual. My suspicion as to the explanation for the low number is either (a) people not considering the other language foreign, or (b) not counting it out of language-nationalism (this is a bit paradoxical, so in detail: insisting on Czech and Slovak not being dialects of each other, they'd claim knowledge of the other language only if they learnt it and had an exam, even if in practice they get by), or (c) combination of both.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.
by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:03:56 AM EST
[ Parent ]
No, the reason is that 1) the languages being so close it is actually hard to become fluent in the other as it is too easy to mix in your own; 2) bilingualism was mainly passive and conversations were held with each speaker using their own (like in Catalonia) again because the languages were so close.

The respective 25% and 20% figures give you an idea of the amount of internal migration and mixing between the two linguistic communities before the partition. Note also that that happened 15 years ago... The corresponding figures were higher back then as more and more people who grew up in the 1980s or later become "adults".

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:09:51 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Czech and slovak are not dialects of each other, though they are very close. Slovak does not have the Ř, for instance.

My girlfriend works as a translator and, though she will translate from Slovak she doesn't dare translate into it.

Language proximity can make it very difficult to speak the other language "properly". When Spaniards say they can speak Italian fluently they're usually full of shit. The initial learning of the language is easy, but learning the nuances and the flase friends is actually harder. With widely disparate languages, the opposite is true.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:17:29 AM EST
[ Parent ]
One word: Gastarbeiter.

There is one earlier table in the "Eurobarometer" on "Europeans and Languages" where it lists the mother tongues by country. You must compare the number of people whose mother tongue is not German.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:05:02 AM EST
[ Parent ]
One word: Gastarbeiter.

I think we are beyond the self-delusions of the Kohl era, even if the CDU rules again.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:12:22 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Can you elaborate?

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:16:01 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Hm.

Up until the Kohl era, the myth was that foreigners who came to work in Germany will one day return home, and Germany is not an immigration country. So (all) foreigners in Germany were called Gastarbeiter, whether in truth they wanted to settle or not. The Schröder government broke with that radically, and though all parts of the CDU are anti-immigration in some form (Kinder statt Inder, anti-double-citizenship petition, torpedoing the citizenship law in the Bundesrat), they now argue for a requirement of full integration rather than deny the fact of immigration outright.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:25:56 AM EST
[ Parent ]
When I said Gastarbeiter I meant the actual Gastarbeiter who came from Southern Europe in the 1950's and 60's. There were hundreds of thousands if not millions of them, they mostly stayed, and they are still alive. Plus, their children's mother tongue was most likely not German.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:30:21 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Yes, German immigration grew out of Gastarbeiter. But it is a loaded word, use it carefully.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.
by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:39:17 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I did use it carefully.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:40:47 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I also find it funny that only 25 % of Slovaks say they can speak Czech...

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes
by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:01:52 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The question is not whether you can understand it, but whether you can speak it.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:03:18 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Also note that less than 20% of the Czech claim to be able to speak Slovak.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:10:07 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Look at the ratio of quatrilinguals: interesting figures. In Luxembourg and Belgium, they are the majority. Slovenia also has surprising amounts of them, the Netherlands is less surprising. Then come half a dozen countries with around 20% - including Hungary, one of the worst on "at least on foreign language"!

I see German is still ahead in Hungary and the Czech Republic and at level with English in Slovakia. But Russian is first in more new members.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:10:19 AM EST
[ Parent ]
There is a very interesting table of the most widely spoken languages towards the end of the report. English first, German, French, Italian, Spanish, Polish, Dutch and Russian in decreasing order.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:14:31 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Also note the correlation of population size and the fraction of people who cannot speak a foreign language.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:17:48 AM EST
[ Parent ]
There is also a North-South trend.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.
by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:47:45 AM EST
[ Parent ]
So we have two factors... Income and country size.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 05:53:30 AM EST
[ Parent ]
That would be three factors.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.
by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 06:57:24 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Hmm... I predict the North/South factor and the GDP factor will be highly correlated.

What is your definition of North/South?

Or should we just classify countries by their year of EU accession?

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:02:28 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I predict the North/South factor and the GDP factor will be highly correlated.

I suggest you just list the countries North to South. You'll see that the ten new members fit into the series perfectly, despite less than 50% of their Western counterparts' GDP.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:10:11 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Now explain that correlation to me, then. Is it the sun?

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:19:07 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Ah, that was so French of you: won't recognise something practical without a theory :-)

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.
by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:26:28 AM EST
[ Parent ]
How is that French? You mightas well have said "you physicist!"

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:30:02 AM EST
[ Parent ]
But that wouldn't refer to Anglo/French stereotypising in the business press and your and Jérôme's discussion about stereotypes in and about French integrationism at the same time :-)

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.
by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:34:37 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Seriously, I have no clue, I only observed the strength of the pattern now.

But the Sun could have played a role, yes: one reason may be tourism - the Northerners go to Mediterranean beaches in droves, no similar moves in the opposite direction.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:29:57 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Sure, that would explain why it is English, French and German that the people in the north speak as second languages.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:33:02 AM EST
[ Parent ]
You travel through countries towards the South...

Anyway, was just a first partial hypothesis.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:36:03 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Anyway, I'll run a proper statistical analysis some time soon.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 07:40:19 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Notice that this is all a self-assessment, and the standard of fluency was whether people felt confident to carry out a conversation.

The few percent in Ireland who are not fluent in English are probably not Gaelic speakers, but asylum seekers.

guaranteed to evoke a violent reaction from police is to challenge their right to "define the situation." --- David Graeber citing Marc Cooper

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 04:45:43 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Or other immigrants - east europeans for instance.
by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Thu Feb 23rd, 2006 at 04:49:01 AM EST
[ Parent ]

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