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We examine the effects of students' physical appearance upon examination results. We f[o]und evidence that beauty has a significant impact on academic performance, a result which is consistent with and comparable to the impact found in labour market literature.
I am retroactively failing these people  in Statistics 101.

Correlation is not causation.

I'm going to have to read this paper to see whether they have controlled for the examiner knowing the examinee.

tens of millions of people stand to see their lives ruined because the bureaucrats at the ECB don't understand introductory economics -- Dean Baker

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 06:01:13 AM EST
Yep, it is bullshit. I shall write a deconstruction.

Disclaimer: I have no credentials as a statistician.

tens of millions of people stand to see their lives ruined because the bureaucrats at the ECB don't understand introductory economics -- Dean Baker

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 06:04:47 AM EST
[ Parent ]
If the study proposes that pretty people are smarter it is bull.
If is says pretty people are judged smarter, it is indeed consistent with some literature on physical appearance and success.
by Torres on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 06:36:37 AM EST
[ Parent ]
No, it says they perform better in exams. That's a very different thing.
by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 06:38:05 AM EST
[ Parent ]
It's more than that, Colman. From the abstract:
Do good looks make people more productive? An impact of looks on earnings has been found in the empirical literature: plain people earn less than average-looking people who earn less than good-looking. However, an important question remains unanswered: is the impact of beauty due to pure discrimination or productivity? We provide evidence against the hypothesis of Becker-type discrimination stemming from tastes and in favor of productivity-related discrimination
Oh, the muddled thinking of Verona's Economic "Scientists".

tens of millions of people stand to see their lives ruined because the bureaucrats at the ECB don't understand introductory economics -- Dean Baker
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 06:50:45 AM EST
[ Parent ]
It seems entirely possible to me that pretty people in many jobs could be more productive. The interesting thing is to tease apart the reasons for that and how much of the difference in earnings is down to productivity and how much to discrimination.
by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 07:05:16 AM EST
[ Parent ]
But to claim that better exam scores are evidence of increased productivity, without having corrected for oral vs. written exams, and for the examiner knowing the student...

tens of millions of people stand to see their lives ruined because the bureaucrats at the ECB don't understand introductory economics -- Dean Baker
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 07:08:53 AM EST
[ Parent ]
From the S&M story:
Fascinatingly, the beauty premium is greater in written exams than oral ones. This suggests the pay-off to good looks (or a lack of ugliness) comes from higher ability rather than discrimination.
by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 07:10:04 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Oops... <pops foot out of mouth>

tens of millions of people stand to see their lives ruined because the bureaucrats at the ECB don't understand introductory economics -- Dean Baker
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 07:18:00 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Their thread of establishing causality could certainly do with work however.
by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 07:06:55 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Not another one of these studies based on tweaking statistical data... They get so extremely stupid (and, thanks for pointing out, frequently just insignificant) that I've begun to just skim accross "findings" like these. I can't even take these reports serious, so I'm glad you dug in for the nitty-gritty. Not that any press reporter would be interesting in writing up "Good looking people not so smart after all: Science wrong" or the "Good looking people Controversy"...
by Nomad on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 06:28:32 PM EST
[ Parent ]
beauty has a significant impact on academic performance
The tables at the end of the article include a parameter called "pseudo R^2" which is never larger than 0.12 and is often around 0.05. Significance means that the observed deviations are unlikely to have arisen by chance. However, the size of the effect is measured by the R^2 value (fraction of variance explained). So at best they have precisely measured very small effects.

Reading their description of the Italian exam system is not only instructive about Italian universities, but also shows that the biases inherent in the data are severe. Basically, if a student fails or chooses to resit an exam for a higher grade, there is no record whatsoever of their failed (or unsatisfactory) attempts.

tens of millions of people stand to see their lives ruined because the bureaucrats at the ECB don't understand introductory economics -- Dean Baker

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 07:29:17 AM EST
[ Parent ]
It is proposing a false correlation;-
that being attractive makes you smart, with a suggestion that attractiveness and social confidence leads to intellectual flexibility.

Rather I'd suggest it is the other way around. Intelligence amkes you attractive. After all, we're animals first and foremost so our snap judgements are instinctive, not intellectual (however much we use our intelligence to justify those judgements).

At the bottom line, that animal judgement is about who we'd breed with, who would make a more succesful breeding partner. Intelligence is survival plus, thus intelligence is attractive.

It is only a decadent modernity that has developed a bias against understanding with words like geek and nerd to make intelligence unattractive. But that's the social intellect talking, not the animal.

keep to the Fen Causeway

by Helen (lareinagal at yahoo dot co dot uk) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 08:58:20 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Is academic performance (which is what they measure) correlated with intelligence?
by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 09:00:37 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Do you mean intelligence or IQ-test performance?

Is academic test performance correlated with IQ test performance?

tens of millions of people stand to see their lives ruined because the bureaucrats at the ECB don't understand introductory economics -- Dean Baker

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 09:02:47 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I don't know.
by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 09:06:40 AM EST
[ Parent ]
You are wise.

tens of millions of people stand to see their lives ruined because the bureaucrats at the ECB don't understand introductory economics -- Dean Baker
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 09:08:45 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Is intelligence related to IQ ?

Intelligence is assumed to be an innate quality of an individual, yet you can practice or be coached to improve IQ results. So it must follow that the test cannot possibly measure intelligence.

The IQ snobs form a club called mensa, an acronym popularly believed to mean "Mental Elitism Never Solved Anything".

keep to the Fen Causeway

by Helen (lareinagal at yahoo dot co dot uk) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 09:08:02 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Honestly, I don't know what intelligence is. IQ isn't it.
by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 09:19:58 AM EST
[ Parent ]
But IQ is measurable so we run statistical regressions on it.

tens of millions of people stand to see their lives ruined because the bureaucrats at the ECB don't understand introductory economics -- Dean Baker
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 09:21:08 AM EST
[ Parent ]
...it correlates one status: being good-looking with higher grades.

It does not said anything about intelligence...if thic an be defined at all.

It is even simpler. Give the same exam to two subsets of teachers and tell them in advance if it belongs to an student with very good grades or an student with bad grades adn failing.

Amazingly enough , the good student identical test gets better grades always. The discrepances depend ont he pool of professors. For university professors is rather low,a ctually within two standards deviation.

For high-school and primary school the differences reach easily three sigmas.

This does not mean that the article is right.. but it is indeed possible. It explains what kind of status and rewards we give to different people at different stages in life.

I can tell you that a very good-looking man or woman in a physics class is seen as highly suspicious..but not in economics... they would probably get less or more grades in the experiment designed above...

But maybe their experiment is not properly done. You need blind and double blind experiments...and they do not seem to be worried about that.

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 01:03:03 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Theirs wasn't an experiment, it was an analysis of existing exam data, with all the implied selection biases and lack of controls.

tens of millions of people stand to see their lives ruined because the bureaucrats at the ECB don't understand introductory economics -- Dean Baker
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu May 25th, 2006 at 01:04:48 PM EST
[ Parent ]

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