1. England (divided into regions). There were seven Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms which eventually got consolidated into England, with some other territories like Cornwall and Cumbria. Although those Kingdoms are not, as such, a current concern there is a regional feeling within England which has not really had much expression in government during the last thousand years. The attempts by central government to create English regions by drawing lines on a map rather than have the people define their own regions, has been a terrible setback. I suspect that given the chance regions would have been constructed largely based on one or more of the traditional counties. For example the three counties of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire have traditional links. They would form a more natural unit than as part of the vast South East Region to which they were assigned by government whim.

Of course the result of a bottom up regional policy would be more regions with smaller populations than Whitehall is comfortable with. They would also have to be given far greater powers than central government would want (I would suggest the minimum should be the powers the Scottish Parliament was given).

2. England (as a whole). An English Parliament and Executive, whether as distinct bodies or a sub-set of the UK Parliament, (on the Scottish model) implies the speedy breakup of the United Kingdom. As I have previously suggested the only hope of avoiding this would be to elect the UK and English Parliaments by a proportional system, so it would be unlikely there would be a single party Labour UK government contending with a single party Conservative English executive.

3. Anglo-Welsh union. Plaid Cymru exists but it is not clear that a majority of the Welsh would want independence.

3. Anglo-Scottish union. The original Union deal was that England got security, because Scotland could no longer acquire a different Monarch from England or ally with English enemies, whereas Scotland got the economic advantages of free trade with England and its colonies. In modern circumstances neither of those objects requires the retention of an incorporating union. It is a matter for Scotland whether it wants independence. The ostensibly unionist Conservative Party has done much to weaken the union and its latest policy is lighting matches in a gunpowder factory. Cameron may do more to end the union than the SNP ever could.

4. Anglo-Irish Union. The most problematic of the lot. Do we really want to end up with the United Kingdom of England and Northern Ireland? I suspect the default position of the loyalist community if that union was not on offer would be an independent Northern Ireland. I do not see that a United Kingdom of Scotland and Northern Ireland is likely but if everyone wanted it I am sure the English would be delighted to agree.