People don't understand that the whole process very often is 'experiment, experiment, experiment and oh ok what's going on here...?
I think if there's one thing that I'd like people to get from science education that they don't seem to at the moment, it's this.
And an understanding of how to parse statistics. So when someone says 'Twice as likely to get cancer because...' they can say 'But the difference between odds of 15 million to one and 30 million to one is insignificant.'