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Like all of the Grand Narratives which live in the humanities, Marxism split the world up into very crude and simplistic absolutes. There were Workers, there were Owners, there was a Bourgeoisie, and eventually also a Petty Bourgeoisie.

Like feminism, socialism, capitalism, and most other isms, the basic internal contradiction is that these definitions are supposed to be completely define relationship dynamics. So if you're a Worker you have a certain set of qualities, by definition. If you're an Owner you have a different set of qualities.

Absolutes like these are unhelpful, if not downright stupid. What's missing is a personal context.

Specific actions and relationships - usually power relationships based on dominance and submission hierarchies - are the problem. The labels are a misdirection. They're too crude to be useful as a description of real social relations, except in a very caricatured and superficial way.

So in practice what happens is that the Grand Narrative disguises and legitimises everyday acts of social violence in Marxism, Capitalism, Christianity, Islam, Nationalism, and the rest.

I suspect almost all Grand Narratives exist to do this, and it's very difficult to see morality in terms of specific and personal human relationships between individuals when there's a Grand Narrative available to tell you what to feel.

There's a subset of Grand Narratives which focus on personal relationship in a more positive way, but they're rare and not usually very popular - certainly not politically.

Possibly also relevant is the Karpman Drama Triangle - which is a good a map of how political Grand Narratives seem to play out as any.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Thu Oct 2nd, 2008 at 12:53:30 PM EST
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The Logic of the time forced Marx's analysis to split into Absolutes.  At that time Excluded Middle logic was all there was, even Hegel's Dialectic (an forthright attack on abstract Categorical dualism) only resolved the problem by appealing to a higher order Absolute Unity or a dynamic Synthetic Unity.  (At least that's my take.  YMMV.)  

We know better, now.

by ATinNM on Thu Oct 2nd, 2008 at 01:30:30 PM EST
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Marxism was just a theory. Even in the 19th thinkers understood that a theory is not literally the absolute truth, or a definite law, or all-embracing imperative. Even Bolsheviks did not read Marxism as "completely defining relationship dynamics" - the definitions badly fit the tsarist Russia.

As a theory, Marxism is still a potent one. It is reflexive anti-Marxism that is quite a Grand Narrative now.

by das monde on Thu Oct 2nd, 2008 at 01:38:33 PM EST
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The enduring value of Marx is as a social critic and for his contributions to sociology.  These stand and are taught as such at least in graduate school courses in social theory, historiography, etc.

As the Dutch said while fighting the Spanish: "It is not necessary to have hope in order to persevere."
by ARGeezer (ARGeezer a in a circle eurotrib daught com) on Thu Oct 2nd, 2008 at 01:49:39 PM EST
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Firstly, Marxism is in no sense a theory. Aside from a vague prediction about Bad Things Will Happen to Capitalism, it doesn't make many concrete predictions about specific outcomes. In fact the fall of Capitalism isn't so much a prediction in the scientific sense, as an example of a narrative claim on Manifest Destiny - which should be enough to raise suspicions immediately.

Secondly the predictions Marxism did make, especially about social relationships in the absence of Capitalism, have turned out to be spectacularly wrong.

Thirdly Marxism has become so buried under so many contradictory off-shots and interpretations that it's no longer possible to know what Marxism actually says. There seem to be some points that Marxists more or less agree on, including the infinite plasticity of human character. But on that point Marxism has been disastrously wrong.

Finally, there's nothing 'reflexive' about trying to put together a comprehensive critique. There's nothing inviolate about Marxism. It made some useful points at the time, and it's possible to learn from them. That doesn't mean it should be treated as the final word on social relations.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Thu Oct 2nd, 2008 at 01:51:01 PM EST
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Certainly, Marxism does not meet a standard of "final world on social relations"? But which economic or social theory does? Which of those theories has the most interesting parts in predictions?

The fall of capitalism was indeed beyond-scientific prediction. Marx could have calmly stopped by capital and labour crises - and boy, wouldn't be right?

Picking up contradictory and agreement points of presumed followers is like pedantically reading a Bible by each letter - that is not really interesting. As prediction of social "experimentations" go, social theories can only test a couple of them per century - not a great basis for definite inferences.

We may label the obvious Soviet experiment as disastrously wrong, mut we may also give a decent (non-exclusive) credit to Marxism for almost a century of the social-economic-democratic evolution where almost all members of some societies got full economic-social powers and rights. That should not taken for granted - before we know it, we might find ourselves in the "tested" social systems where only rich Bourgeoisie and their servants are overwhelmingly visible, like it was 100 years ago, or it is shown in Latin-American soap operas.

by das monde on Thu Oct 2nd, 2008 at 03:12:20 PM EST
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19th Century thinkers were forced, unwillingly, to that conclusion by the development of non-Euclidean geometries.  The 'point,' as it were, of the work on The Foundation of Mathematics was to get around that development and return to Certainty.
by ATinNM on Thu Oct 2nd, 2008 at 01:58:08 PM EST
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The labels are a misdirection. They're too crude to be useful as a description of real social relations, except in a very caricatured and superficial way.

Labels are almost always a caricature. Eric Berne understood this, and in his lecture series and in "Structures and Dynamics of Institutions and Groups" (sorry-his least fun book), he points out some limits and blind spots of the models.

There's a subset of Grand Narratives which focus on personal relationship in a more positive way, but they're rare and not usually very popular - certainly not politically.

More, please.

Eric Berne was a human treasure.


Capitalism searches out the darkest corners of human potential, and mainlines them.

by geezer in Paris (risico at wanadoo(flypoop)fr) on Thu Oct 2nd, 2008 at 01:42:57 PM EST
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