Both changes (6y presidency and 5y for the Parliament) are for the next elected President/Parliament.
If Medvedev is talking about this now, it means he is sure that he can get 2/3 of the votes in the lower chamber of Parliament, 3/4 in the upper and majority votes in the parliaments of 2/3 of all federal subjects. From the big parties Communists should be the ones against this change.
Have there been any diaries about how parliament and politics work in post-Yeltsin Russia? Truth unfolds in time through a communal process.