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I think the most important reasons for this numbers are
 - phd to post-doc position in Europe vs. US
 - language problems: there e.g. rumours that fluent French is required, if one wants a position in France. If these rumours are true, nobody can complain about the absence of foreigners.

Gemach, gemach
by Martin (weiser.mensch(at)googlemail.com) on Wed Jul 2nd, 2008 at 02:56:07 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I suppose you can get a research post in the US speaking German?

When locusts move on, they leave nothing behind
by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Wed Jul 2nd, 2008 at 03:04:30 PM EST
[ Parent ]
No, but everyone speaks some English.

And, in fact, sometimes the standard of English of foreign PhD students and postdocs in US universities is appalling. This leads to regrettably xenophobic attitudes by American undergraduates, but one has to understand their frustration at having barely intelligible teaching assistants.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Wed Jul 2nd, 2008 at 03:06:47 PM EST
[ Parent ]
My point is simply that it's tiresome to hear that having to speak French (or Spanish, or Swedish) is a "linguistic problem", while having to speak English isn't.

Otherwise, Martin is quite right that languages are part of the European problem, in research or in other fields. Not insuperable, however.

When locusts move on, they leave nothing behind

by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Wed Jul 2nd, 2008 at 04:08:33 PM EST
[ Parent ]
That's because English is the lingua franca.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Wed Jul 2nd, 2008 at 05:31:35 PM EST
[ Parent ]
You trying to dis English, now?

... {muttering} I got your lingwa franca right here ...


Utsukushikereba sore de ii

by BruceMcF (agila61 at netscape dot net) on Wed Jul 2nd, 2008 at 06:07:43 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I agree! I wonder if the 'language problem' is not often an excuse for not changing the situation.

I live in a country that has 4 official languages.
Traditions, customs, culture and language in Switzerland

No less than four languages are spoken in Switzerland: German, French, Italian and Rhaeto-Romanic. Swiss people working in tourism usually speak English as well.

The government websites are usually in German, French, Italian, Rumantsch and English.

There is very little discussion about the language situation, it just is.

I school we usually start out with out mother tongue, then the first foreign language is one of the official languages and the second foreign language (often one of choice) is mostly English. The only question that is discussed here is at what age a foreign language should be learned in school. However, this does not mean all Swiss are well versed in those foreign laguages. :-)

So, maybe it is time for the EU contries to integrate foreign (especially other EU languages) into their educational system.

T

by Fran (fran at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Jul 3rd, 2008 at 03:17:12 AM EST
[ Parent ]
In recent years, there were efforts made in Germany to start foreign languages earlier than previously. This may help, that more people learn more than one foreign language quite good, although this induces other problems - for example further discrimination of people who either are simply untalented or have problems with the way languages are teached at school.

However in the meantime we have to live with people who can speak only one foreign language well (and maybe Latin, what usually doesn't help too much). And the way to do this is using English. I don't like that, I think English is a very ugly language. But even here on ET, you probably will exclude a majority by using any other language.


Gemach, gemach

by Martin (weiser.mensch(at)googlemail.com) on Thu Jul 3rd, 2008 at 07:53:27 AM EST
[ Parent ]
In France too, there's an effort to start English several years earlier. But there's no serious effort to train teachers or recruit native speakers, so the effect is likely to be mitigated.

We have had battles on ET over language. One idea was to create a multi-lingual site, or a cluster of blogs in different languages, but these schemes come up against major software problems (not feasible with Scoop) and would also create extra workload in terms of admin and translation. Yet using only English probably excludes a majority of Europeans, even though it's the most common second language...

PS: Don't say Latin's no use, or PerClupi will deal with you ;-)

When locusts move on, they leave nothing behind

by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Thu Jul 3rd, 2008 at 08:43:25 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Clearly German should be next:

(source: Eurobarometer 243: Europeans and Their Languages - last debated here)

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Thu Jul 3rd, 2008 at 08:54:08 AM EST
[ Parent ]
In Saarland and the border region of BW, the goal is even to start with French, however, lack of well trained teachers is here a problem, too.

Gemach, gemach
by Martin (weiser.mensch(at)googlemail.com) on Thu Jul 3rd, 2008 at 09:46:39 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Actually, glad you mentioned this because it immediately came to mind.  Even when I was in school oh so many years ago, quite a few profs were non-native English speakers. Mostly Asians visitors taught at that time (as now), especially in the hard sciences and mathematics.  I lived in an experimental dorm that was comprised of half science and engineering and half social science majors with some seeking advanced degrees.  I recall vividly the dorm conversations about how difficult it was to understand some of the profs.  Not so much xenophobia at that time but just that it made learning that much more difficult as in "I can't understand a word he says."  I suspect the numbers of "guest" assistant professors and teaching assistants is much greater now given the fewer numbers of American degree seekers in certain fields.

I can swear there ain't no heaven but I pray there ain't no hell. _ Blood Sweat & Tears
by Gringo (stargazing camel at aoldotcom) on Thu Jul 3rd, 2008 at 10:32:26 PM EST
[ Parent ]
It's not necessarily xenophobic. I remember an organic chemistry class as an undergrad with three TA's, all foreigners. One was Panamanian Chinese - excellent English, one was Chinese Chinese with decent English (strong accent, mistakes, but perfectly functional), and a third Chinese guy with basically no English. The only way of communicating with him was to rely on translators - either Chinese-American students who spoke Mandarin or the other Chinese TA (The Panamanian guy didn't speak any Chinese) We were fine with the first two, but complained amongst our selves constantly about the third - it really isn't too much to ask that ones teachers be able to speak with you.
by MarekNYC on Sat Jul 5th, 2008 at 10:26:54 AM EST
[ Parent ]
No, not necessarily, but there was a xenophobic cartoon published in an undergraduate magazine when I was doing my PhD, motivated by this issue.

The real issue is that being a graduate teaching assistant in the US is a form of cheap immigrant labour. Now that the post-9/11 security situation has all but ground the "brain drain" to a halt, and even reversed it, the situation might be different.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Mon Jul 7th, 2008 at 05:31:41 PM EST
[ Parent ]
No, but as you can't get a research post in Germany without speaking English (but without speaking German, at least in science), and the US is perfectly happy when people speak even only English, that's not a problem.

Gemach, gemach
by Martin (weiser.mensch(at)googlemail.com) on Wed Jul 2nd, 2008 at 03:07:48 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Funny story about that. Friend of mine went to interview at a lab outside of Paris, advertissement for the appointment stated "working language is English" and was surprised to learn that, in fact, very few potential future colleagues actually speak it well enouh to work in it.

I wonder if this is because in the old days, for those of us 35 years and above, typically the 1st language serious people would take is German, and then maybe English but also quite possibly Latin. So maybe generational.

The sad thing is, one of the first things Sarkozy did, which many researchers I know here who are left of various stripes still seem to say good things about viz their professions, was getting through a law reforming the university system. Even left professors and espeically researchers like the new law as now restrictions on funding sources are lifted, and fundraising, american-style, from private sources, in order to fund research and other university undertakings, is now permitted (and actually pretty much encouraged given other parts of that reform bill). This should over time make it possible to put more meritocracy in who gets research moneys and also salary and funding for equipment, travel and so forth, and these are of course good things.

But I can't help but note that now they get to put the hat out to the private sector for research in basic science, and give credit to a neo-liberal government doing a neo-liberal reform which only was needed because the conservatives in france have underfunded research for decades. Typical bait and switch, and evidence that even the biggest minds still are somewhat clueless at certain levels.

I'd also point out that grant-writing as well as management and administration of the sorts of institutes now being created are quite time consuming and not typically part of the average researcher's skill set. We shall see how things go.

by redstar on Wed Jul 2nd, 2008 at 03:50:43 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Typical bait and switch

And how. Someone else called it "drowning government in a bathtub".

When locusts move on, they leave nothing behind

by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Wed Jul 2nd, 2008 at 04:12:07 PM EST
[ Parent ]
language problems:

It would be interesting to know how many of the 3% are in a country with another language (i.e., exclude Austrians in Germany, Belgians in France and Holland etc.).

by gk (g k quattro due due sette "at" gmail.com) on Thu Jul 3rd, 2008 at 03:07:16 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The fluent language requirement is definitely not true as a generalization for France. For example, I know that CEA offers positions for non-french speaking doctoral students. They even have a recruitment page with listings in English.

Cea INSTN

Every year, CEA grants thesis allowances for high level students that prepare their research work in its laboratories. In 2007, over 230 thesis contracts (3 years) have been granted that cover the full salary (gross montly wage : € 1990.25 during the first two years, € 2049.75 the third year).
by someone (s0me1smail(a)gmail(d)com) on Thu Jul 3rd, 2008 at 03:53:13 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Not really an intra EU thing but the rumor mill among history types in the US says that you just can't get an academic job in the EU. This isn't about language since all historians know the language of their country well. American history departments on the other hand are littered with Europeans (and others).

A side issue is the lack of people studying the history of other EU countries. For any given EU country there are far more posts in the US than there are in all the EU put together outside the country in question.

by MarekNYC on Sat Jul 5th, 2008 at 10:35:46 AM EST
[ Parent ]
May well be. Indeed our humanities are sometimes critizised for not being international, but as a physicist at a technical university my knowledge about the academic situation is mostly limited to science.

If I'm evil minded, I could suggest, that the lack of willingness to accept foreign historicians is the fear they may express opinions differing from the dominating view...

Gemach, gemach

by Martin (weiser.mensch(at)googlemail.com) on Mon Jul 7th, 2008 at 05:22:01 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I heard of a Czech woman with a PhD in Slavic studies and history from Charles University who couldn't get faculty positions in the US because they wouldn't recognise her PhD... So it cuts both ways. I also heard of an American professor of European History who successfully moved his job from Arkansas to Austria.

As they say, the plural of anecdote is not data but bullshit.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Mon Jul 7th, 2008 at 05:29:00 PM EST
[ Parent ]

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