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Obviously. But the question is why they are buying long-term bonds almost exclusively, rather than short-term bonds or a mix of short and long term bonds?

Of course it could be simply that the Fed can set prices for T-bills and not for T-bonds...

- Jake

If you only spend 20 minutes of the rest of your life on economics, go spend them here.

by JakeS (JangoSierra 'at' gmail 'dot' com) on Sat Jul 17th, 2010 at 06:41:13 AM EST
[ Parent ]
As a suggestion:

The US grows more food than is consumed domestically and China has a lot of people to feed and their per capita food production is heading south.

by ATinNM on Sat Jul 17th, 2010 at 12:48:03 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Only while oil is cheap.
by njh on Sat Jul 17th, 2010 at 09:10:50 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Forecasting future US agricultural production under falling oil production and Global Climate Change is impossible, too many factors and feedback loops.  If I had to guess -- and it is a guess -- I'd say after the transition period we're looking at 60-75% of current.  Domestically that implies US citizens will be eating much less meat as coarse grain production is diverted from feeding animals to feeding humans but we won't have to experience widespread food shortage.

The EU is the same.  If anything the EU is slightly ahead of the US in that the techniques and practice of horticulture are still twitching, barely.

In China, they're screwed.  They can't feed themselves now, there's no hope of increasing food production domestically, and they will go through the transition period with falling per capita food consumption.  

I expect minimal deaths from starvation in the US and EU.  I expect mega-death in China from starvation and external and internal conflict (war) stemming from food scarcity.

by ATinNM on Sat Jul 17th, 2010 at 11:22:19 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Ive talked about this before - Modern agriculture is not tied to oil. It is tied to nitrogen fertilizer, which requires hydrogen and electricity to make, and since hydrogen can be produced with electricity, that means it needs electricity, full stop. And it does not even have to be american electricity, as fertilizer is traded via bulk shipping in any case.
There is no possible future where electricity becomes in short supply everywhere, so even in the most pessimistic of all possible futures, the world simply ends up buying fertilizer from places like Iceland and New Zeeland.
by Thomas on Wed Jul 21st, 2010 at 03:00:19 PM EST
[ Parent ]
What do you call "modern agriculture"?

Notrogen fertiliser is only a part of the array of products used in the "modern agriculture" I see all around me, and they are mostly composed of oil-derived fuels and petrochemical substances (pesticides). And, until the industry has been totally revamped, ammonium nitrate etc are petroleum products.

Thomas:

even in the most pessimistic of all possible futures, the world simply ends up buying fertilizer from places like Iceland and New Zeeland.

Because in your oh-so-evident future, it is sustainable to go on running agriculture the way it is (but with a differently-powered support industry)?

by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Wed Jul 21st, 2010 at 04:33:37 PM EST
[ Parent ]
.. yes? modern agriculture is much less destructive of soil, and uses vastly less land per calorie yielded than any alternative, both of which is getting more true over time, not less. No-till, genetically engineered crops, soil databases linked to computerized and GPS/gallieo enabled farm machinery - all of this increases yield, reduces pesticide and nitrogen runoff (by making dosage tailored to each individual square meter of field) and it all relies on knowhow, data and electronics, not oil.  Desertification is a symptom of low tech farming, not first world practice. The green revolution was a good thing for both mankind and the planet, and it is nowhere near done.
I am not saying economic dislocations will not happen, they will, especially as the third world gets its shit together and adopts best practice and schemes like the solarpowered seawater distilling greenhouses currently being built in north africa and australia.

.. and as for the actual machinery.. even if it proves impossible to build a battery sufficiently powerful to power a tractor - well, post peak oil does not mean no oil, and what is available or synthesized is going to get allocated to critical applications like heavy machinery first, and the car loving public can putter around in electric minis and like it.

by Thomas on Wed Jul 21st, 2010 at 05:05:25 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Thomas:
No-till, genetically engineered crops, soil databases linked to computerized and GPS/gallieo enabled farm machinery - all of this increases yield

"No-till"

Fine, but in what way does this necessarily link with

"genetically engineered crops"?

Which currently produce lower yields than non-GM cultivars...

"computerized and GPS/gallieo enabled farm machinery"

Why do we bother with this if we're doing no-till? Just to get rid of a harvester driver or two? Just so everything sounds hi-tech like the world you imagine?

If you have the right to produce this catalogue of wonders of an imaginary future, organic, peasant-farmer agriculture has every right to present a view of the future that some qualify as "unrealistic".

by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Wed Jul 21st, 2010 at 05:19:58 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Because the "organic farming" future is deeply  horrifying and exceedingly unlikely both?
 Read back up a few posts - the context for this was the (probably correct) assertion that one of the main reasons china is focused on maintaining a strong industrial export sector is that they have to import vast amounts of food to feed the immense population Mao left china with, and they need to produce goods to have something to trade for that food. In that context, the collapse of industrialized agriculture in the west would have the direct consequence of hundreds of millions of people starving to death. I am simply saying that this is extremely unlikely to actually happen. Partially because mindboggeringly huge resources will be mobilized to prevent it at the least sign of it actually happening.  
by Thomas on Wed Jul 21st, 2010 at 08:50:21 PM EST
[ Parent ]
What does that have to do with GM crops, that actually reduce yields for pretty much any input variable you might care to name, and teleoperated harvesting equipment which does not increase yield for any input variable other than man-hours?

More specifically, what makes you labour under the delusion that organic farming cannot be industrial farming with comparable yields per land area to what you can get with conventional farming?

- Jake

If you only spend 20 minutes of the rest of your life on economics, go spend them here.

by JakeS (JangoSierra 'at' gmail 'dot' com) on Thu Jul 22nd, 2010 at 07:22:43 AM EST
[ Parent ]
A major destructive force hitting sub-Saharan African agriculture has been the dumping of subsidized grains from the US and EU. However, rising agrarian terms of trade can undo the damage, and China has clearly been hedging its bets in investing directly in Africa, using its ability to financing acquisition of Chinese product like buses for overstretched urban transport systems as its calling card.

I've been accused of being a Marxist, yet while Harpo's my favourite, it's Groucho I'm always quoting. Odd, that.
by BruceMcF (agila61 at netscape dot net) on Sat Jul 24th, 2010 at 02:31:43 AM EST
[ Parent ]

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