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As Berlusconi learned, it is very difficult to change the Italian constitution. He never ceased trying but got nowhere. (And on the side, this continuous harkening to change the Italian Constitution to this very day is extremely iritating, all the more so considering the stature of most of the parliamentary nominees.)
So what immediately catches the eye is why it was so easy for Orban to get away with writing up a new constitution practically by himself in such a brief time and promulgate it.
By the way, I've been looking for a decent English draft of the new Hungarian Constitution, and suppose this is the best translation as opposed to the official version. I presume this draft is not the final version.
It appears there are several misleading translations and omissions in the official English translation that have been pointed out by NGO's.
IOW the supermajority needed is not two-thirds but three-quarters in some bodies (though isn't it lower in the Senate?), which would make the venture harder. It also helps that the US parliament is bicameral, Hungary's unicameral.
As Berlusconi learned, it is very difficult to change the Italian constitution.
He never had the required super-majority, or did he?
Constitution of Italy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In order to make it virtually impossible to replace with a dictatorial regime, it is difficult to modify the Constitution; to do so (under Article 138) requires two readings in each House of Parliament and, if the second of these are carried with a simple majority (i.e. 50%+1) rather than two-thirds, a referendum.
Attempts were undertaken in the so-called Bicameral Roundtable in the late 90's. It was a political trap exploited by Berlusconi to give himself an aura of statesmanship. Once he had what he wanted in terms of positive public exposure and with elections around the corner, he simply walked out without an explanation. All the better given that the Left had made ridiculous consessions. And risk to continue to do so if ever in power again.
There's nothing worse than a party that stoops to actuating the opposition's program.
I have often chaffed at the difficulty of getting any change enacted, but the constitutional system has stood up pretty well and I shudder to think what a new US constitutional convention would devise. In the USA, instead of rewriting the constitution the financiers simply bought most of the significant players in the system. As Montesquieu noted long ago any system will work when run by virtuous men while no system will withstand being overrun by evil men, or to that general effect. As the Dutch said while fighting the Spanish: "It is not necessary to have hope in order to persevere."
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