European Tribune

Historic Shift of the EU's Middle East Policies?

by Joerg in Berlin
Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 12:51:15 PM EST

John Palmer thinks:
The European Union may - just may - be on the cusp of unveiling a foreign and security policy towards the most explosive issues in the middle east which marks a significant break with the strategy followed so far under the leadership of the Bush administration. Although the new EU strategy is as yet being pursued tentatively and with a desire to avoid provoking Washington, American neo-conservative ideologues are already scenting a major new transatlantic rift.


John Palmer has written about European affairs for many years, notably as European editor of the Guardian. He is a member of the governing board of the European Policy Centre and an advisor to a number of European Foundations.

He sees three signals of the new strategy:

First, the EU "foreign-policy supremo", Javier Solana, reported on 10 September that he had made "significant progress" in his weekend talks with Iran's chief nuclear negotiator Ali Larijani about how to break out of the impasse over Tehran's insistence on continuing its uranium-enrichment programme. (...)

Second, Bush administration spokespersons have been demanding "more clarification" of EU intentions towards Iran in recent days, in ways which reflect irritation that Washington can no longer lay down the strategy to be followed by the western allies. The US also views the massive EU-led forces which are providing the backbone of the United Nations's peacekeeping forces in Lebanon with some misgivings. While the UN mission is welcomed, its actual operating mandate is not what the US wanted. At EU insistence the mandate for the UN forces will not include the forcible disarming of Hizbollah. (...)

Third, EU foreign ministers - who met informally in Lappeenranta, Finland on 1-2 September to outline their new strategy - have signalled that they want a change in approach to the Israel-Palestine conflict. The general view among the twenty-five EU governments is that the economic boycott of the Palestinian government formed by Hamas after the movement's January 2006 election victory has been a serious mistake which has pushed the Palestinian territories into total chaos. EU diplomats are actively working on language which Hamas could adopt to imply a de facto (rather than a formal, de jure) recognition of Israel. This might be based on Hamas's existing willingness to negotiate a "two-state" solution to the conflict with Israel.

Read his full article "Europe's foreign policy: saying "no" to the US?" in Open Democracy

Palmer also links to Rami G. Khouri, who writes in Lebanon's The Daily Star "Europe should revise its Middle East policy":

"One of the frightening recent developments in Middle Eastern-Western relations has been the common feeling among many in this region that Europe has abandoned its centrist position and has moved closer to the American-Israeli one. This reflects Middle Eastern perceptions of European positions on several important issues: the Danish cartoons controversy, Iran's nuclear industry, the election of Hamas in Palestine, the long delay in pushing for a cease-fire in Lebanon in July, and - especially in London - adopting the American tendency to exaggerate the "global war on terror" and to view every issue in the Middle East through that distorted lens.

European positions on Middle Eastern issues before 2005 tended to fall squarely in between Arab and Israeli sentiments, and usually offered a more sensible and nuanced policy approach to addressing key issues in the region, such as peace-making (the Venice Declaration) or democratization and economic development (the Barcelona Process). That impartiality seems to have eroded, as reflected in the strong popular anger and occasional violence against European symbols during the cartoons controversy."


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Credible? Believable? Any thoughts?

Besides, how is the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership doing these days?

Any progress with helping the economies and civil societies of the 12 North African and Middle Eastern partner countries? The Euromed Partnership will be eleven years old in November, and I would love to read about some real progress.

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The phrase "historic shift" is not my term, but taken from the subheadline in Palmer's article. I forgot to put it in quotation marks.

Related article Is the EU Ready to Take Casualties? by Richard Gowan in The Globalist:

"Europeans -- in keeping with their self-image as responsible global citizens -- are generally supportive of the EU taking a more active role internationally. But the European public's resolve has yet to be tested by high-profile casualties. With troops now helping to secure Lebanon, are Europeans ready to accept the potential consequences of sending troops and civilians on dangerous missions abroad?"

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by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 12:59:20 PM EST
Is the shift towards the American-Israeli position, or away from it?
If both sides see a shift, maybe it does mean that Europe is expressing an independent viewpoint?


In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes
by Jerome a Paris (jeromeguillet@yahoo.fr) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 01:35:45 PM EST
Clearly away, since an independent EU foreign policy is actually contrary to US strategic interest, and an independent Middle East policy is contrary to Israel's strategic interest.

Those whom the Gods wish to destroy They first make mad. — Euripides
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 03:21:07 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Your last question has little to do with the rest of your article, and seems like cheap point scoring - it's certainly not going to help focus the discussion on EU policies in the Middle East.

Just because all long term problems that can be linked to one issue are not solved does not mean that efforts on that issue are not worthwhile.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes

by Jerome a Paris (jeromeguillet@yahoo.fr) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 01:38:16 PM EST
Euromed would be a topic for another diary.

I have also recently pointed out this European Commission web site to Jorg:

Euro-Mediterranean Partnership/Barcelona Process

The Euro-Mediterranean Conference of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, held in Barcelona on 27-28 November 1995, marked the starting point of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (Barcelona Process), a wide framework of political, economic and social relations between the Member States of the European Union and Partners of the Southern Mediterranean.

The latest EU enlargement, on 1st May 2004, has brought two Mediterranean Partners (Cyprus and Malta) into the European Union, while adding a total of 10 to the number of Member States. The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership thus comprises 35 members, 25 EU Member States and 10 Mediterranean Partners (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestinian Authority, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey). Libya has observer status since 1999.

Either Jorg has read it all and so his question is rhetorical and he should instead be summarising what he read in a diary, or he hasn't read it. I wish I could summarise it for him, except that I have already said I am not up to speed on it and I have to read it.

Those whom the Gods wish to destroy They first make mad. — Euripides
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 03:19:22 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Sorry, but I linked to the Euromed website in my last diary. You linked to it in a comment afterwards. I did not understand why you linked to it.

I was looking for someone to give an opinion on Euromed rather than linking to the same page I linked to.

I know what Euromed is and what success the EU claims it has achieved. What is needed is some discussion about it.

by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 04:12:55 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I can't actually claim to know, so a summary diary would be a big help.

This is about the third consecutive diary in which you ask the same question and nobody picked up on it. Cue to step in and let us know what you think?

Those whom the Gods wish to destroy They first make mad. — Euripides

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 04:15:35 PM EST
[ Parent ]
You are right.
I thought if I repeat the question, someone who knows about this issue, would finally see it and step in. If nobody has studied Euromed before, I won't get much out of it, if I give a summary of Euromed's failure and ask for feedback. Sorry. I should not repeat myself. I just thought, since this is Eurotrib, there would be several members from several EU countries with some knowledge and interest of Euromed.
by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 07:25:35 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I'm sure you'll find some of us willing to write about Euromed, and seek more info about it, but you brought it up as an afterthought of what you wrote about the Near East, in diaries about the neareast, and you may have read, some of us think that the topics are quite separate (even if there are obvious points of contact).

If you post it as a separate diary, ideally with some input from your side to start it off, it should work.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes

by Jerome a Paris (jeromeguillet@yahoo.fr) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 07:31:05 PM EST
[ Parent ]
There is always the possibility that you're the one who knows the most about Euromed. So enlighten us.
If nobody has studied Euromed before, I won't get much out of it, if I give a summary of Euromed's failure and ask for feedback.
Maybe you won't get much out of it, but Eurotrib is a two-way street: sometimes you get stuff out, sometimes you put stuff in. It seems that on Euromed you're going to be the one to put the stuff in.

I am not even aware of Euromed being a "failure". On the basis of what is it a failure?

Diary it.

Those whom the Gods wish to destroy They first make mad. — Euripides

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat Sep 16th, 2006 at 04:02:15 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I will try to come up with a diary, but need time for it.

It is a complicated issue, but it is important for Europe.

And I have not studied Euromed for a while.

What I find interesting: Sooooo many Europeans know enough about US policies in the Middle East to discuss them and call them failures (which those policies are indeed), but these Europeans don't know (and don't care much) what their own countries and the EU is doing in the Middle East.

by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Sat Sep 16th, 2006 at 07:13:34 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Yes, that is interesting. Might it be that the US is indeed the most powerful country and that it sets the international agenda and that everyone needs to formulate their policy and goals around US policy and alongside US goals?

Quite honestly, I couldn't tell you what Spain's strategic interests or goals actually are. We're too small to have a global strategy by ourselves.

What are Germany's strategic interests and goals, and how does it go about achieving them? I don't really understand that either.

We not only are bombarded with US information but we spent a disproportionate amount of time reading their tea leaves. Everyone thinks they know enough about the US to have an opinion. If you look at any other global or regional actor that is not the case. Hopefully ET will improve our own understanding of the EU and its member states. It's not easy.

Those whom the Gods wish to destroy They first make mad. — Euripides

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat Sep 16th, 2006 at 07:18:02 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I absolutely agree with everything you write here.

I hope that is okay with you ;-)

The only point were we differ slightly is that I think the US does not have to be most powerful country. If the EU would be better organized, the difference between US and EU agenda setting power would not be so big. In fact, in international trade negotiations, there is not much of a difference in US and EU agenda setting power.

Re Germany: I don't know either. Hopefully the new Defense Whitebook will be published soon and we can see a bit more clearly. However, there has been an EU Security Strategy paper. I don't know the correct name.

we spent a disproportionate amount of time reading their tea leaves. Everyone thinks they know enough about the US to have an opinion. If you look at any other global or regional actor that is not the case. Hopefully ET will improve our own understanding of the EU and its member states.

Absofuckinglutely. That is what I wanted to say. Unfortunately, some ETB user seem to have gotten a different impression from my comments.

by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Sun Sep 17th, 2006 at 01:15:36 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I can tell you Spain has been extremely active diplomatically in the middle east, including recently on teh Lebanon crisis. But if you just read the English- and German-language press you might not have heard about any of it.

Those whom the Gods wish to destroy They first make mad. — Euripides
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat Sep 16th, 2006 at 07:19:43 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I hope ETB will grow and we can create European public sphere to exchange that kind of information in English and discuss it.

We need to transcend the national boundaries of debates more strongly.

by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Sun Sep 17th, 2006 at 01:19:06 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Not intended as a cheap shot.

John Palmers article looks at European Middle East policy shifting away from the US, i.e. it deals more with US-European relations. European policy as different and opposed to US policies.

The point I wanted to make with my question on Euromed was: Europe's ME policy should not just be seen as what do we do different than the US, but what has EU ME policy been so far.

Rather than limiting the discussion on the EU policy that is opposed to US policies, let's also look at the EU policy that is independent from the US.

Euromed was supposed to define our relationship with North Africa (and the Middle East). Free trade, economical and political liberalization etc. Great goals. Started 11 years ago, but what was achieved?

The US wanted to bring democracy to Iraq and failed miserably.

The EU wanted to support democratisation in North Africa and the Middle East via Euromed in 1995. What has been achieved so far?

by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 04:18:00 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Euromed is independent from the middle east peace process to a large extent. Make it another diary.

Those whom the Gods wish to destroy They first make mad. — Euripides
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 04:21:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I don't separate general ME policy (e.g. Euromed) from the "peace process" because they go together.

Why don't you make a new diary on Euromed?
I am tired. Sorry.

by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 04:30:27 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Do it when you're rested.

I wouldn't know what to say about EuroMed, as I have already told you about 4 times, and you keep bringing it up.

Euromed is Mediterranean Basin policy, not Middle East Policy. They intersect in the Levant, which also happens to be what the peace process is about. But Euromed and the peace process are two distinct policies, and the peace process doesn't need, though it could benefit, from Euromed. Similarly, the peace process hampers, but doesn't prevent, the development of Euromed.

Those whom the Gods wish to destroy They first make mad. — Euripides

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 04:57:04 PM EST
[ Parent ]
to justify why you lump together the Middle East and North Africa. As far as I'm concerned, they are two completely different issues.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes
by Jerome a Paris (jeromeguillet@yahoo.fr) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 05:19:40 PM EST
[ Parent ]
As you know it, is the EU's Euromed, who lump them together.

Euromed wants a South-South Free trade zone as well.

Egypt is north africa and is important for the Israeli-palestinian "peace process."

As far Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco: Well, if they would make progress in.. then in Palestine...

Nah, I am rather going to bed rather than answering this question and then having to answer another dozen questions by nitpickers ;-)

Perhaps someone will comment on the diary anyway or provide some input. ;-)

by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 07:18:50 PM EST
[ Parent ]
You need to define what the benchmark to evaluate a successful EU foreign policy could be.

It's easy to find any problem around the planet and mock Europe's inability to solve it.

If your point is to say that any EU international action/policy which is not fully subversient to US policy is a failure because all the problems of the world are not instantaneously solved and because it dares criticize the US for temporary aberrant acts despite its own history of torture, war, rape, colonialism, cynicism, etc...), all I can say is, okayyyyyy.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes

by Jerome a Paris (jeromeguillet@yahoo.fr) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 01:43:39 PM EST
Not at all. What makes you think that?

As I argued in a dozen comments here:
http://www2.eurotrib.com/story/2006/9/13/182321/440

Rather than blaming primarily the US for all failures, we should also look what Europeans have done wrong and could do better.

That's a pretty simple comment and wish.

Re benchmark on success: Settling conflicts, being able withdraw troops from Bosnia, Kosovo, easing the wars and other suffering in Western Sahara, Afghanistan and Darfur through skillful diplomacy etc.

by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 04:28:07 PM EST
[ Parent ]
So do it. You'vre asked for feedback and apparently did not get it, so that door seems closed. Time to do it yourself if you really care about it. I'm sure some of us will be around to nitpick it apart.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes
by Jerome a Paris (jeromeguillet@yahoo.fr) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 05:18:29 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Nitpicking is boring.

It does not matter what i write in a diary, the conversation in the comments is always mostly about something else.

by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 07:11:10 PM EST
[ Parent ]
you're right
by manon (m@gmail.com) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 07:18:32 PM EST
[ Parent ]
You put in a gratuitious nasty comment about Euromed at the end of the diary, so don't be surprised if people react to that, and to its relevance to your diary.

I've provided 3 separate comments on your diary, so it's not like we're refusing the discussion. But if all you want to hear is us saying "yes, Europe is bad, it only exists through crass anti-Americanism" then it gets boring after a while too.

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes

by Jerome a Paris (jeromeguillet@yahoo.fr) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 07:22:40 PM EST
[ Parent ]
that's the problem with democracy - people have different ideas about where the thread will go...

Sometimes you just have to enjoy the ride...

In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes

by Jerome a Paris (jeromeguillet@yahoo.fr) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 07:25:17 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Fair enough.
by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 07:27:08 PM EST
[ Parent ]
It does not matter what i write in a diary, the conversation in the comments is always mostly about something else.

Could that be because your diaries are always about "something else"?

No on can see clearly what you think. You put up quotes from extremely diverse sources, and ask for people's opinion. So you get a variety of responses. Then you try to channel the discussion: "No, what this is about is <blah blah whatever>", or, "stop bringing in America, this is not about America".

In this diary, you offer two quoted points of view which seem to diverge: one saying EU foreign policy may be taking a step forward towards independence, the other that it is seen, at least by some, as having taken s step towards greater alignment on US policy. Then you ask us if it's

Credible? Believable? Any thoughts?

What does that mean? What are you asking for? Why are you complaining if you don't get the discussion you want?

Not to speak of the Euromed thing. If you don't want to do a diary showing that this initiative is a failure, I don't see why you should expect commenters here to waste their time on it.

You give the impression of being disingenuous, by which I mean you put poorly-focused stuff up for discussion in hopes of making some point that you won't come out and clearly argue for.

When locusts move on, they leave nothing behind

by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Sat Sep 16th, 2006 at 02:04:16 AM EST
[ Parent ]
"You put up quotes from extremely diverse sources, and ask for people's opinion."

What's wrong with that?

"So you get a variety of responses."

Not much variety.

"In this diary, you offer two quoted points of view which seem to diverge: one saying EU foreign policy may be taking a step forward towards independence, the other that it is seen, at least by some, as having taken s step towards greater alignment on US policy."

John Palmer thinks the EU has started to move away from US policy again.
He also links to Rami G. Khouri, who said that Europe moved closer to the US in the last couple of years.
Thus there is not a contradiction between them.

In very simple terms:
In the old days: Europe indepnedent form US policy
Then: Europe closer to US policy.
Now: Europe more indepentend from US policy again.

In my diaries, I provide information and opinions from various sources on various issues and then I ask a question.

Since this is ETB, I would like to focus on European issues in my questions. And I like a constructive forward looking discussions.

However, of course nitpicking and criticizing the diaries and talking about other questions is good and everybody's right and I shouldn't have complained about that. sorry.

by Joerg in Berlin ((joerg.wolf [AT] atlanticreview.org)) on Mon Oct 2nd, 2006 at 11:41:51 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Step aside any way you like, Joerg.

You give the impression of being disingenuous, by which I mean you put poorly-focused stuff up for discussion in hopes of making some point that you won't come out and clearly argue for.

I see no reason to change that opinion.

When locusts move on, they leave nothing behind

by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Tue Oct 3rd, 2006 at 02:12:31 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Someone posted a comment about this about a month ago, at the end of the Lebanon war. I wish I could dig it up.

Those whom the Gods wish to destroy They first make mad. — Euripides
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Sep 15th, 2006 at 03:13:49 PM EST
I think we sometimes underestimate the effects the EU has already had in the region. How different the approach of the EU is compared the the US is surely illustrated by the approach to Syria. Washington regards it as part of the "Axis of Evil" and a co-sponsor of terrorist attacks on Israel. The EU on the other hand has in mind that if Turkey were to acceed, it would be our immediate neighbour and have a border with the EU.

There has been a lot of work towards the final ratification of the Co-Operation Agreement. Part of that process required Syria to regularise its relations with neighbouring countries. The pull-out of its overt presence in Lebanon was, I suggest, more motivated by this soft diplomacy than all the posturing of Bush.

by Londonbear on Sat Sep 16th, 2006 at 06:27:19 AM EST


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