European Tribune

School leaving age raised to 18 in England

by In Wales
Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 06:56:14 AM EST

A law raising the school leaving age to 18 in England will be included in the Queen's Speech today. The move aims to tackle the problem of young people leaving education without qualifications or workplace skills.


Schools Secretary Ed Balls told GMTV the "radical proposal" was needed because too many people were leaving school at 16 without qualifications.

Under the plans pupils would not have to continue with academic lessons but would be required to receive training.

'Skills to succeed'
Tuesday's address will announce the leaving age will be raised to 18 by 2015.

Around 90,000 new apprenticeship schemes will be created by 2013, which ministers say is a 60% increase.

What do people think about this? What is the situation like in your own country?

From a TUC press release:

Commenting on Government plans to raise the education participation age to 17 by 2013 and 18 by 2015, TUC General Secretary Brendan Barber said: “Increasing the number of skilled workers across the UK is one of the greatest economic challenges we face and today’s announcement is a key step towards meeting this challenge. Raising the education participation age will give more young people the skills and qualifications needed to reach their potential in today’s ever more competitive job market.”

Which broadly I agree with so long as 17 and 18 year olds are receiving the form of education or training that is best suited to them.

What if they could get a job straight away at 16 - should they be able to do that or forced to stay in education?

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What if they could get a job straight away at 16 - should they be able to do that or forced to stay in education?

I believe that in the Netherlands there is some hybrid form where kids can work but have to go to school a few times in the week. I think this is a good move on the part of the UK. Everyone benefits from education (provided that it is provided well).
by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 07:28:26 AM EST
Everyone benefits from education (provided that it is provided well).

Well that's the key thing isn't it?  Well provided education that is suited to the skills or otherwise of individuals. Otherwise what a waste, for all concerned.

I'm glad to see that they will be increasing the number of apprenticeships because the UK has been shoddy with supporting vocational skills development, instead pushing young people into university which may not be the right thing for many to do.


Ad astra per aspera

by In Wales (inwales aaat eurotrib.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 07:40:51 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Well provided education that is suited to the skills or otherwise of individuals.

I disagree. The skills you have are the ones you hone yourself. The entire point of educating someone is to acquaint him or her with the skills s/he does not have yet.

That is not to say, of course, that you should drag someone through a program that s/he demonstrably does not possess the required talent to master. Attempting to turn a deaf-mute into an opera singer is manifestly impossible. Nevertheless, failing to push the envelope of your knowledge and skills - at least a little bit and at least occasionally - is a failure of education.

Going back to the original question, Denmark has no leaving-school age as such. Rather we have 9 years of compulsory education, which can be public school, private school or homeschooling. Unless you homeschool, the child can start in first grade as early as age 6 and as late as age 8.

Many parties have been making noise about raising the compulsory education to ten or twelve years. That would mean that high school or some kind of vocational school would become mandatory, which might be a good idea in and of itself.

But it is an implicit admission of a massive qualitative jump from elementary school to high school. It is an admission that elementary school does not provide the citizens with the skills required to successfully navigate modern society. And at the same time it is a complete refusal to fix the root cause of the problem, which is the fact that elementary school could be improved by several hundred percent virtually overnight.

To take a few brief examples, I learned more in the first single year of high school biology and math, than I did in the last three, respectively four, years of elementary school. In physics and chemistry there is no comparison whatsoever. It is theoretically possible to acquire a few useful skills in elementary school phys/chem in Denmark, but you have to almost teach yourself, because the textbooks are pure crap.

- Jake

Ceterum censeo Chicago esse delendam

by JakeS (JangoSierra 'at' gmail 'dot' com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:19:16 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I didn't phrase that well. By skills I really mean potential, aspirations, and the natural leanings of the child ie I was well suited to academia but many aren't and when no alternative is offered, what happens to them?

My gut reaction is to not like the idea of compulsory education to 18 because I would not have wanted to be forced to stay in education, especially if I was not being offered education or training that was right for me.  

I also know how badly under-resourced further education colleges are in the UK and how they do not currently provide too well for vocational training.

Also, take a look at the massive increase in exclusions and behavioural problems in schools.  Our system isn't dealing with this properly.  Are excluded children going to be made to stay in education until 18?

If the quality of primary age education was better and the system actually learned lessons from what works in other European countries and provided flexibility and real choice in how young people can extend their training and education opportunities, then it would sit easier with me, but right now...

Ad astra per aspera

by In Wales (inwales aaat eurotrib.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:54:12 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I think you should aim to get as many people in university as possible, but this has to be tied to a specific skill set; the level of education at universities should not drop as an effect.

Realistically there are always many people who can't do university or don't want to do it. So you also have to provide for those.

What I was worried about is the funding. I know from experience in the Netherlands that virtually every 'reform' of the educational system is in fact a savings program. So has the UK allocated the additional funds necessary to provide for this change, or does it have to be 'budget neutral'?

by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:26:21 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I bet you business is not going to be paying for any apprenticeships.

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:30:07 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Indeed. But governments often dream of ponies. Which is why I ask.
by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:39:42 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Not without the indenture-like aspect of traditional apprenticeship, or (more flexibly) an equity stake in the resulting human capital. Providing an equity alternative to college loans is an active program in Latin America, spearheaded by a social entrepreneur.

Words and ideas I offer here may be used freely and without attribution.
by technopolitical on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 05:48:44 PM EST
[ Parent ]
There is nowhere near enough money in colleges or universities at the moment.  Further Education colleges especially are not well funded and unless a really significant investment is made, they will not be able to deliver this.

Ad astra per aspera
by In Wales (inwales aaat eurotrib.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:07:03 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I think everybody knows my opinion here... this is plain stupid, crazy... I am sick of the state treating people as stupid nerds who do not know how to, how was it, make a circle with a donut...

What's the next step... compulsory education until 25 ... this is crazy.. It was bad to make people study until 16.... when 14 was more than correct.. (though I would be fine with anything between 12 and 15).

It is crazy and scared... the level of stupidty and lackof basic knwoledge is scary.... is that they really do not know a jot about anthropology.. is that they are that stupid..or tht make it on purpose.. I bet they want more criminals (becasue this is what they are oging to get much more criminals).. they want to make it more difficult for everybody to get a decent education.. I guess this is what it's all about... create crazy nuts people from 14 to 18 (actually they would dream to make it until 21 like in fascist times... Am I the only one noticing the pattern that fascist regime always put the number above 20.. and yes some souther US states count as semi-fascist in their basic ideology).

Well... sorry for the rant... but... i will send all those sicking asshXXXX to a freaking supernova... hoping that someday someone could recycle their material for something useful....inthis present form they are dangerous.

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:20:35 AM EST
Sorry for the rant.. as you may guess this is somehow personal stuff.. a lot of images come to my mind of a lot of old friends that I met in the way form a conflict neighbor  of very poor people to my presnet staus in the university...

A lot of faces come to mind... a lot of thoughts and conversations about school and the system.. it really struck a nerve...

My opinion as I said above is clear.. but one should always say the same things in a proper way.... but sometimes you just get pissed off...

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:33:04 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I am surprised by your response, which probably means I have something important to learn. Could you say more about this, or direct me to where you've already said it?

Words and ideas I offer here may be used freely and without attribution.
by technopolitical on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 03:37:03 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I see you say quite a bit more below.

Words and ideas I offer here may be used freely and without attribution.
by technopolitical on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 03:48:51 PM EST
[ Parent ]
16 year olds are still kids, especially the boys. The kids who drop out may be able to find a job now, but will be the first to join the ranks of the long-term unemployed when the next crisis comes. I don't think the UK program is going to be about forcing these kids to sit in the school benches 5 days a week (that would be stupid). Some structured programme of training with very limited teaching on the side is going to be beneficial for the large majority of them, IMO.
by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:37:54 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Well, if we had a proper unemployment policy we'd offer older people who want retraining real opportunities to do so.

It is not so rare for people to figure out what they really want to do later in life. The idea that you get an education continuously from the age of 6 and then you automatically have a career for life is very stupid but underpins our whole educational and employment policy.

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:52:21 AM EST
[ Parent ]
One thing I dislike about the A-level system is that young people are forced to decide what they will do for the rest of their life by specialising at 16.  I could have done anything and I picked my 3 subjects and went to Uni to carry them on. Now 10 years later I'm doing something so completely different.

I think that developing skills and the ability to think for yourself and having strong foundations in place to see you good wherever you go is so important.

Those who are academic and think they know exactly what subject to do, let them.  Those who know what trade they want to train for, let them.  Those who don't know, keep providing opportunities to develop and learn. For those who need to retrain, upskill and find employment, they need access to the right kind of training and development too. Not punishment for not taking something that clearly isn't right for them.

But that requires far too much flexibility that narrow government minds can't cope with.  So instead, let's gather the herds and force them into one pen.

Ad astra per aspera

by In Wales (inwales aaat eurotrib.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:04:02 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I think we all agree here what would be a real effort to improve education...

The point I am trying to make is that most people do not realize how dangerous is following the path we started when making compulsory until 16 without flexibility and how dangerous is for the society to make it compulsory until 18 no matter the flexibility.

Actually I think it was very damaging even making it until 16.. the most proper action is compulsory until 12 (maybe 13) then flexibility but still compulsory until 14 (maybe 15) and then pure flexibility without any compulsory program... make them adults at 16!!!... and make it fleixble so that if they make a mistake they are not penalized for life.

But I guess it is too costly adn the aim is not to improve education. If they would do , they would start learnign how the adolescence suddenly  appeared formnon-existence and how the biologichal clue (yeah you are fertile at some point) where ignored in favour of a non-scientific approach where proofs where look at posteriori...

Sorry put treating 16 year old people as kids .. it is really amazing... I fell like Krugman in the worst media Bush years...

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:14:08 AM EST
[ Parent ]
But I guess it is too costly adn the aim is not to improve education.

No, the aim is to keep the troublemakers under control.
Except that won't work either... as you've discussed.

Ad astra per aspera

by In Wales (inwales aaat eurotrib.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:18:56 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Well I guess.. it will work.. it will create more troublemakers... just by definition.

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:57:49 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The aim of "education" is not to educate but to provide school leavers with a score card that corporate human resource departments can feed into their computer systems. And the aim of state education, which is unable to turn students away because the State's duty to satisfy the "right to an education" is delegated to the state schools, is to keep those with no chance of a corporate job penned for as long as possible.

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:01:19 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The A-level system is broken, what else is new?

These are the subjects I studied for my university entrance examination and which were part of the curriculum for the last year of high school:

  • Spanish Language
  • One Foreign Language
  • History of Philosophy
  • Physics
  • Mathematics (for science/health sciences)
  • Chemistry
  • Technical Drawing

The first three were compulsory for everyone regardless of orientation. The last 4 were electives. I would have happily traded Technical Drawing for History of the Contemporary World (c19-) which was only available for humanities/social sciences students. I also studied a second foreign language (not required for the university entrance examination). The Spanish Language course included grammar, linguistics, theory of communication and "text commentary", the latter having its own separate test as part of the university entrance exam.

If I had done "A levels" I would have spent 4 years on a diet of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics. Ugh!

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:18:57 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Whoa! Didn't know the system was that bad in the UK.

I had 7 subjects plus 1 optional subject in the Netherlands. In Germany, I think you can more or less choose whether you do a very specialised Abitur or a broader one (according to the German wiki you have 2-3 obligatory courses and 8 to 10 courses you can choose, within certain limits, and this only takes 2-3 years).

by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:47:47 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Wikipedia: Advanced Level (UK)
The number of A-level exams taken by students can vary, though generally not in the state sector in which around 90% of students are educated. A typical route is to study four subjects at AS-level and then drop down to three at A2 level, although some students continue with their fourth subject. Three is usually the minimum number of A-levels required for university entrance, with some universities specifying the need for a fourth AS subject. There is no limit on the number of A-levels one can study, some students do obtain five or more A-levels. It is permissible to take A-levels in languages one already speaks fluently, or courses with overlapping content. General Studies and Critical Thinking, which require a grasp of basic political ideas and current affairs in order to write essays rather than specific learning, sometimes augment a student's batch of qualifications. While many universities do not consider an A-level in General Studies to be a stand-alone subject (and thus is not accepted as part of an offer), it may affect the offer which a student receives. For example, a student of Mathematics, Physics and Computing might receive an offer of B-B-C for a Physics degree, whereas one also taking General Studies might receive B-C-C. Unlike A-level General Studies, Critical Thinking, which aims to improve student's analytical skills, has generally received a more positive reception from universities. Often it is given a UCAS tariff score unlike General Studies and some University admissions tutors see it is an advantage when applying for competitive courses.[3][citation needed]


We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:56:00 AM EST
[ Parent ]
yes.. our old system needed small changes not an compelte make-up.. stupid fXXX pseudo-pedagologist (I know it is not proeprly written) and pseudo-pshychologists..

The system untuil 12 is working wonderfully... respect for teacher,impliaation of parents (who happen to udnerstand the stuff their children are learning), the compulsory lits makes sense.. and the approach has been a gradual improvement of the system. Together with a gloabla symbolic system that stablishes clearly that they are kids and will be treated as such gives a symbolic stability that  leads to success.

The problem is with the 12-19  year old... it is a mess... compulsory until 16 ... and studying stupid and absolutely crazy stuff that makes no sense util then... and everyone.. and then hurry up in 2 years!!! so people reach university as the most good-nature people I have seen (it is really a pleasure to teach here.. they are so... docile) but without no control of basic skills...

So a more proper solution will be a 13-15 (3 years) compulsory of pure language and math for everyone (langue means understanding gramming and memorizingg vocabulary and comprehensive reading.. yes.. memorize is GOOOOOOD.. no matter what a stupid pshycologist will tell you... the good ones already chnged their opinoon at least on this one) and basic logic and math for any mature life... So skills for a mature life... if we couple this with a more proper "symboplic trnasition" environment .. they shoudl be able to mature.... ANd if they wnat to quit.. a training transition course.. available atanytime from 15 years and on... (in Spain a FP high level training)

So  at 15.. let them decide without penalizing them too much if they make a mistake.

And then option from 16 to 19 (yes gettting at the university at 19 makes a lot of sense now that it is just 3 year for a degree, so back to the 4 years training of skills for high education or specialized jobs makes sense). And here is where the english system is probably not very good (16-19)...Here is where one probably could discuss what option should a 16 old adult  guy recieve... and I'd say that probably a little bit more flexibility that in Migeru's (mine) generation in Spain) and more thant the british. I would also teachthings a little bit different specially in the first two years will make a lot of sense...

But at the end of the day is not as crutial as putting the money, the resoruces, the training and the symbolic environment that you need for the 13-15 year olds.. and only a complete new system.. revolutionary will change the symbolic structure...

ANd I think.. math and langauge as the ONLY subjects will look like a radical new approach... but I msut say .... for me it is just ovbious.. 20h a weeek for math and 30 h for language...Nos tupid biology, no history, no physics, no chemistry at 13-15, they know lal the basic stuff at 12... only by making them read a complex text...

The system is not working from 13 to 15... let's change it...

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:13:45 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Absolutely.. the option to get retrained should be at any age... and of course from 16 to 18... I would love it to be from 14 and on.... and I think a lof of schools in Spain are basically doing it. creating an alternative at 14 until 16 that it does not look like compulsory.. relieving a lot of the hate against school for those students.

And I could not agree more about your last sentence.. one thing should be basic human and maturity skills (basically reading, expressign yourself in public, learning properly one or two languages, and solve basic logic and mathamtical problems) and then the rest...

I am still wondering why in hell 10 year old kids  are still leanring the stupid names of the triangles instead of learning how to use logic, basic arithmetics to solve basic every-day problems or make them able to understand any complex text... The system is so crazy that instead of giving a basic uniform education until 13-15  (maths/logic, language and reading comprehension) and then.. for those who want .. give them further technichal skills (biology, physics, chemistry, latin...) later...we make a nonsense mixture of basic stuff and tehcnical stuff that eveybody has to go trhough  until 16!!!

Note: I am physicist.. and I insist to get rid of any physics at the compulsory level..it absolutely makes no sense... make the kids learn how to read any text..any scientific text.. that's the goal. Unfortuntely with compulsory education at 16 we are basiacally destroying the next generation of physicist making sutdents hate it.. because frankly it absolutely makes no sense whatsoever from 14 to 16... And of course I would also change what 16-18 adults who opt to study physics would have to do...but that's another issue.

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:07:25 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I am still wondering why in hell 10 year old kids  are still leanring the stupid names of the triangles instead of learning how to use logic, basic arithmetics to solve basic every-day problems or make them able to understand any complex text...
Because their teachers don't know how to teach math other than by memorizing the names of triangles.

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:11:53 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Je je je..

Well I should rewrite it as.. why is it compulsory by law to learn them...

Oh yes. I know.. because th teacher will complain because they do not know how to teach maths in any other way.. because actually they were never trained and at school that was math... it is just crazy...

But it is the world we live in...

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:16:57 AM EST
[ Parent ]
We definitely need to have more and better options for education later in life. But I think kids learn quicker. So I am in favour of continuous education from age 6, maybe with some small one to two year gaps and side-alleys, without assuming that this will fix you up for life.
by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:15:01 AM EST
[ Parent ]
While we're on the topic of retraining an UK politics...

I have been wanting to post this video for nearly 2 months, but I didn't have the context for it.

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:44:13 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Priceless.

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:31:13 AM EST
[ Parent ]
16 year old are NOT kids.. we make THEM kids.. My granpa was and old mature guy at 13!!!! ..at that ime he was a compelte adult person... and I am not even talking about my grnadma who was basically already a mom taking care of their sisters at the age of 10...

We make them kids because we treat them like kids,.. adolescence was one of the most stupid inventions in modern hisotry.. most cultures have a rite du passage form childhood to adulthood.. around here we were so smart to eliminate them in the name of a stupid non.scientific pshychology.

I am all for optional training programs... but optional!!!... forcing them is well.. I must say I will not be here and some of firends will not be alife , frankly, if this law had existen in SPain... luckily we had education when it was compulsory until 14...

I have a lot of friends who drop out school and the ratio of succesful life is basically the same as those with high school title.. they key point is that most of them (more than the average)were mature.. thsi is the key.. making them more mature not to delay and inflcit more pain to schools frot hose who wnat technical skills

There are hundreds of ways to make poeple mature from 10 to 14 years.. precisely when the biology marks that something is going on... culture and biology combined work in every place on Earth..except for here.. where we treat adult people from 15 to 18 as neither kids (so they do not have the option of parental love as escape) nor adulthood (when besides all the right associated have the right to do as they please)... is it really any wonder for antrhopologists that with such a crazy symbolic system a lot of people at the age of 16 are kids... NO.. they wonder how is that we do not create ten times more monsters thanks to a small set of dedicated and smart people who still want to be teachers against all odds.

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:54:20 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I don't completely agree. What we call maturity is partially a pose kids can also learn. But their bodies and brains are still making the same transition, their emotional capabilities are still growing before their capability to reason catches up. How this plays out in different social settings differs and I don't want to say that ours is the best. But kids of this age will always have a lower level of agency.
by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:29:38 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Adolescence is a positional good?
by Colman (colman at eurotrib.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:32:29 AM EST
[ Parent ]
You can infantilise a whole society, I guess, and then the kids will be the most infantilised. TV Culture is a corroborating example.

But I didn't want to state it that simply.

by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:53:31 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Actually it is, in very many different ways. Teenagers were created as a marketing category. The concept doesn't exist at all in other societies.

A lot of US culture only makes sense as a very ambiguous reaction to adolescence - either it's something so valuable it's supposed to continue throughout life in the 'be all you can be' kind of a way, or it's feared and hated, especially by conservatives who are jealous of its special freedoms.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 03:55:17 PM EST
[ Parent ]
The question whether adolescence is real, socially determined, or a mere social construct is a topic of substantial - and rather fruitless- debate in anthropology. See Coming of Age in Samoa.

Of course being a teenager is also a marketing concept, which doesn't make this easier. But I disagree with the idea that there is nothing real at all behind it. I think it is facile postmodernism, and I'd like to see some evidence that backs it up.

by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 04:09:18 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Puberty is real. Adolescence as a social construct is not synonymous with puberty.

The obvious difference is that adolescence is defined by age, while puberty is defined by experience. Some people are very mature at 18. Some people are very immature - and still adolescent, near as dammit - at 40.

So it's a bit facile to call it facile. The problem is that - as you might expect from a capitalist culture - maturity is defined using a production-line metaphor where larval non-productive adults go in at one end and productive 'mature' people (who have their instincts under control to the extent that they can be relied on not to hurt themselves or others overtly, at least until asked to, and will mostly show due deference when told to) come out the other.

Are people really like this? What if you could group people according to their social and cultural skills, and give them remedial education for their weaknesses, without splitting them into rather arbitratry and not very helpful age ranges?

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 04:18:08 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I think it is mostly the other way around. Maturity or immaturity or puberty as you talk about it, an experience of being 'grown up' is a pose, a social construct. Certainly among the bulk of young spirits. Nothing against that, and it doesn't make it less genuine.

At the same time, nearly everyone goes through the same development cycle physically. I don't think the brain develops fundamentally different in other cultures, although that would be an interesting research project.

This means that the potential agency of an adolescent is always lower from that of a grown-up.

Of course, you can do different things with that potential, like not using it...

by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 05:06:12 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Puberty is universal.. adolescence is a social construct....just like creating  rites de passage for goingfrom childhood to adulthood.... That's it.. nicely sum up.

Biology is basically the same... the social construct is not.. although it is amazing how many cultures chosed the rites de passage and adolescence is probably an anomily in cultural terms... I mean.. not very spread if compared with a rite de passage.

A pleasure


I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Wed Nov 7th, 2007 at 02:01:51 PM EST
[ Parent ]
If you want tones and tones of scientifical proof just send me an e-mail I will be glad to show you ...

Summing up major changes appear in t e 10-14 range...with slow changes afterwards.. and adolescence is not at all unviersal an does not exist everywhere.. I can also give you a transcript of my conversation with my grand ma...(unless of course you think she is stupid because she did not live through adolescence)

And saying that some universal in a scientific context does not hold does not mean that one is postmodernist.. it just means that empirical proofs say it so...

Universal biological changes have been tracked and they are known at all ages...maximum inthe brain in the 0-6 period... and with hormaonla relations in the 10-14 period (puberty as a scientific -biologic concept is absolutely universal as BritGuy explains) Adolescence as a concept does nto exist in tens of cultures... send me an e-mail.. but you can make your own reasearch...

Start with rites de passage in wiki... then look for the dogon, the dowayos.. or the borors.. go on with !g .. then follow up then follow up with language research... or the last discussion we had here about languages with lack of abstract concepts... and then go on.. and on...  Really tones of material..

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Wed Nov 7th, 2007 at 01:58:41 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Sorry nanne.. but here we depart.. it is basically not true.. if you look at the biologic side as you imay indicate.

Bascially, the human body is changing all the time.. the human brain is changing always.. and it does not change particualrly faster at the age of 15-17.. The most radical changes happen from the first months until the 6th year... precisely when they get school..at htis point the changes are smooth and go on forever.. this why culture can basically decide if they want mature people at 10 or at 25... there is no basic difference.

this is regardign the brain.. but of course there are other biologic changes.. and basically all of them are quite smooth all life long... nevetheless in the reproduction system there are two storng changes which have a lot of revelance for a lot of cultures because they involve a lot of social and human brain fucntions... as you know theyare the first time you can have a baby ..and when you can no longer have a baby.. and the first happens between 10-14 (with some outliers).. this is why most rites of passage happens jsut int his range 10-14.

So basically after 12/13 there is no basic brain change.. it's all cultural... you can decide to leave them as kids until the first mensturation  (as a lot of cultures do and as we do now with a lot of common sense) and then make the change... but they wil not be more ready at the age of 14 than at the age of 16 or 20... it is just what the culture decides to do...my grandpa society did at 13.. mine at 15.... the new genrations at 17.. and the goal seems to get change them until 21... The more you make them stay in a limbo situation the worse...

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:24:52 AM EST
[ Parent ]
You're saying (I think) that it is best to teach the 10-14 (puberty) children only maths/logic/languages.  Wouldn't it be better to teach them something...more fruity?  All those hormones rushing around, changing the body (and the brain--which is maybe always changing but here it is changing in a particular way due to body changes?)...I'd want them to be learning practical skills...I dunno what--make shelter, build energy production (from turbine to heating element...that kind of thing), food cultivation, preparation...so that whoever is then ready to have children (after that point, around 14, say) has the basic skills to help the child survive...and yes, tie those to the real cultural situation...but those basics...

I just think (I'm happy to have my thoughts changed) that 20h of maths per week....it will be exercise exercise, and the rebellion goes...where?....if the only other course is language language...

Don't fight forces, use them R. Buckminster Fuller.

by rg (leopold dot lepster at google mail dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:40:00 AM EST
[ Parent ]
20h of maths per week....it will be exercise exercise
Because that's the only school maths you ever knew, right? Drills and drills.

That said, I don't know how I would go about teaching mathematics. The problem is that if people want to teach themselves you are just a facilitator, and if they don't, it doesn't matter what you do.

The problem of education is thorny. But we have to remember that the point of schooling is not education but a combination of childminding and scoring/ranking for job selection.

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:49:31 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The point of education is to learn how to learn.

You can't be me, I'm taken
by Sven Triloqvist on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:58:37 AM EST
[ Parent ]
But the point of schooling is not education.

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:59:27 AM EST
[ Parent ]
More like grooming.

You can't be me, I'm taken
by Sven Triloqvist on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 11:43:37 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Maybe in elite schools.

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 11:51:45 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Very much in elite schools, which teach you the social skills you need to establish your caste, while academic achievement is more of a useful accessory.  

Public school types are fascinating. They just assume that they can do certain things, and will be in charge of certain things, and that they'll be able to talk people into helping them. The charm and 'manners' are part of the package.

Of course you could teach all of these skills to the oiks at the local comprehensive. But then they might start to get ideas.

I don't think education teaches you how to learn. Education mostly exists to teach you what your caste is - through constant reinforcement of some skills and experiences, and denial of others.

That's why the school-to-18 proposal is a little suspect. It's not really there for the kids. It's extended baby-sitting, and it's also cheap labour for employers.

Some employers will run real apprenticeships, but I suspect many won't.

And the choice has already been made for these kids - the best they can hope for is a trade, if they're lucky, and I doubt they'll be learning, or being taught, anything more adventurous.

So it may or may not be an improvement on what we have now. But generally what's needed is very much more imagination in UK education, and a much wider breadth of experiences and possibilities.

The vocational-vs-academic split is very destructive - and it's one reason we have such useless and disconnected civil servants and administrators, and a culture of business abstraction which seems to lack common sense or practical experience.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 04:29:59 PM EST
[ Parent ]
A few months ago I caught an article against the teaching of foreign languages in British schools, on the argument that if you thought that would make you more employable you should think again, because the employer will prefer to hire a native speaker of the foreign language who has sufficient fluency in English.

British students are screwed in no small part by the utilitarian approach to education and skills. Instead of teaching to the exam they teach to the job interview, and the elites don't care about the quality because they can always hire an Indian programmer, a Chinese mathematician, or a foreigner with good English.

Similarly, I have seen articles in the American media advocating that inner-city schools don't really try to educate their students since they are destined for unqualified jobs, at best.

It's pretty fucking revolting, if you ask me.

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 04:43:22 PM EST
[ Parent ]
the first thing the best teacher i ever had said to me, was to explain the difference between education and instruction.

to 'lead out' is to discover the individual, to enable him/her to blossom.

instruction....in-struct....inner structure...

the system is too loaded with instruction, and sadly deficient in education.

if the latter were more emphasized, more would want to stay in school.

Peace is not the absence of war -- peace is the absence of fear. Ursula Franklin

by melo (melometa4(at)gmail.com) on Thu Nov 8th, 2007 at 03:47:21 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Instruction, as in bland knowledge, is possible to design by consensus.

Education, in our individualistic societies, has very deep implications, and most families will have their own wish about it.

Education, collectivized, centralized and strongly enforced is how you make homogeneous societies according to leadership wishes.

Instruction allows for self independence, as long as the Education allows for interest in Instruction.

Education is the matter of families, less than that of school. But nowadays Education is done by a TV that promotes anti-intellectualism, and parents often don't have the time or the wish to put emphasis on receiving instruction smartly : the point of going to school is to get a diploma, learning the techniques to pass the tests, rather than actually amassing and understanding knowledge.

Auferre, trucidare, rapere, falsis nominibus imperium; atque, ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant.

by linca (antonin POINT lucas AROBASE gmail.com) on Thu Nov 8th, 2007 at 06:34:34 AM EST
[ Parent ]
thanks for the response, linca.

Instruction, as in bland knowledge, is possible to design by consensus.

i see instruction as a software download, education is how to use the software.

Education, in our individualistic societies, has very deep implications, and most families will have their own wish about it.

yeah, and the lack of it has equally deep implications... as for every family having their own wish, that seems normal enough...maybe the instruction part is easier to get consensus on...

heck i'd be glad if the distinction were clearer, that'd be a good start.

what was missing in my brit education was basic 'civiltas', in fact i remember it as mostly formalized barbarity, to put it mildly...

what italians mean by 'ben educato' has little academic about it. it's about appreciation for life and respect for others, and i tend to agree with your point that it's more the family's responsibilities than the school's, but when children spend more of their formative years in a school or daycare or preschool, than with their parents or relatives, it really does fall more upon the school to provide this service.

unless you want a bunch of witless oik timebombs running around
later.

sometimes the parents have done such a poor job preparing the children, that school becomes a de facto last chance remedial service before turning the loose cannon onto the deck.

Education, collectivized, centralized and strongly enforced is how you make homogeneous societies according to leadership wishes.

now that's a line to make me shiver.... sounds like something a metallic voice should drone behind the pink floyd!

education should un-homogenise, imo.

Instruction allows for self independence, as long as the Education allows for interest in Instruction.

what other kind of independence is there? isn't self independence a tautology? i guess there's political independence...

the second half of that sentence is quite the mindbender...

how could education not allow for interest in instruction?

But nowadays Education is done by a TV that promotes anti-intellectualism, and parents often don't have the time or the wish to put emphasis on receiving instruction smartly

yup, intellectual development makes consumers too damn fussy by half...

i don't believe tv is the problem per se, it's the crap content that rots the mind-

the point of going to school is to get a diploma, learning the techniques to pass the tests, rather than actually amassing and understanding knowledge.

yup, school as parking lot/conveyor belt/indoctrination factory...
i guess where i'm going with this is that we adults are dutybound to educate kids for our own sakes as well as theirs', and separating school from the rest of life is unproductive to the argument, leaving schools frustrated with the baggage many kids bring into the school environment, and many parents despairing of school's ability to make the job of raising their kids any easier or more positive.

maybe i'm missing some of your points entirely, my apologies if so.

thanks for raising them, they helped me clarify my thinking on this difficult and important issue!

i believe there is no issue more important, really, if we want to nip antisocial behaviour in the bud...

Peace is not the absence of war -- peace is the absence of fear. Ursula Franklin

by melo (melometa4(at)gmail.com) on Thu Nov 8th, 2007 at 10:02:37 PM EST
[ Parent ]
The point of education is to learn relevant skills. One of those skills is how to learn. But making it the be-all-end-all of education is A Bad Mistake. That's what Denmark's been doing, and we've got something like 20 % functional illiterates and more like 50-75 % functional innumerates.

- Jake

Ceterum censeo Chicago esse delendam

by JakeS (JangoSierra 'at' gmail 'dot' com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 11:08:20 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Because that's the only school maths you ever knew, right? Drills and drills.

No, not at all.  We did practice papers, but I was in an "advanced" group and spent my time talking quietly to a friend--we were allowed to sit at the back and "not participate without irritating everyone"...

...because I wasn't interested in maths.

A logic course, okay, but some people just won't get (in my experience) certain ideas...it's like teaching musical notation--some kids just can't get that do-re-mi concept; now, how many ways round that concept are there before the kid thinks: "It's that do-rem-mi thing, and I don't get it, so....bzzz...brain has shut."

But we have to remember that the point of schooling is not education but a combination of childminding and scoring/ranking for job selection

I'd appreciate the input from finns here (apparently they have the most effective education system), but basically....no...a lot of teachers don't take this approach and so you have friction.

But kcurie has it clear: primary education (up to 11 in the UK): working.  Puberty education (I'll say 12-14): chaos!  Ongoing education (the italian model: 14-18)--in the UK, there must be some good sectors, but overall: atomised learning with "go to university" as the biggest (and best--perceived) prize.  There's the baby-sitting, but the babies are huge and hairy and cynical or frightened or just institutionalised.

So, er, yes and no!

Don't fight forces, use them R. Buckminster Fuller.

by rg (leopold dot lepster at google mail dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 11:02:42 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Teaching arithmetic requires a great deal of drilling, because to be truly useful it has to be almost a conditioned reflex. Similar to reading, in a sense. Reading should come so naturally to you - be such an integral part of how your brain works, if you will - that when you see a signpost, you should start reading what it says even before your conscious self catches up to what's going on. Similarly with arithmetics. When you see a problem, you should start solving it automatically, with the same instinctive part of your brain that makes you snatch your hand away from a heated cooking pot.

If you can get there without relentless drilling, more power to you. But I don't think you can. I know for sure that I couldn't, and I don't normally consider myself a mathematical ignoramus.

- Jake

Ceterum censeo Chicago esse delendam

by JakeS (JangoSierra 'at' gmail 'dot' com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 11:04:06 AM EST
[ Parent ]
By what age should the drilling to learn arithmetic be finished? 8? Same thing with reading. And I don't dispute that rote is effective with young children. They like nursery rhime. They like to repeat the same things over and over again (they do it in their own play). So singing multiplication tables is not a waste when you're 6 years old.

But by the time you get to be 20 you should have gotten out of the habit of studying set problems and trying to match any question into one of the few classes of set problems in your problems book.

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 11:08:30 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I haven't been following the (largely useless) nature/nurture debate for a while, so I don't know if this has been refuted in the mean while. But consider it.

Medical News Today: Adolescent Risk Taking Likely Biologically Driven And Possibly Inevitable

(I don't agree with the title, by the way, the reason the debate is so useless is that there only are such silly extremes)

Steinberg says that over the past 10 years there has been a great deal of new research on adolescent brain development that he believes sheds light on why kids engage in risky and dangerous behavior, and why the educational programs or interventions that have been developed have not been especially effective. According to Steinberg, heightened risk taking in adolescence is the result of competition between two very different brain systems, the socioemotional and cognitive-control networks, that are undergoing maturation during adolescence, but along very different timetables. During the adolescence, the socioemotional system becomes more assertive during puberty, while the cognitive-control system gains strength only gradually and over a longer period of time.

The socioemotional system, which processes social and emotional information, becomes very active during puberty allowing adolescents to become more easily aroused and experience more intense emotion, and to become more sensitive to social influence.

Conversely, says Steinberg, the cognitive-control system is the part of the brain that regulates behavior and makes the ultimate decisions, but is still maturing during adolescence and into a person's mid-20s at least.

by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 11:16:36 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I am precisely saying that cultural condition can completely change human perception... adn certianly here we really want to emphasize it..

But again.. I could certainly be wrong.. and maybe all brains in all culture have this stge no matter what if they do the rites du passage to adulthoosd or not... But of course.. this has never been proven... It certainly could be.. but as faras anthropology teaches us... adolescence only exist here.. my grandpa or grndma tdid not have the concept, the dowayos, the dogon in Africa do not have it.. the Indian American tribes do not have them.... we do have them... that's all I am saying... and driving the transition away from the 10-14 is.. well...a way to create problems and more problems in education (whcih I think is the basic goal here).

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Wed Nov 7th, 2007 at 01:50:12 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Part of the problem is that, by extending non-adulthood, society produces 20-year-olds who have not only less experience with adult-style life, but also more experience with child-style life. Extending childhood into biological adulthood teaches adults how to behave more like children. In a fluid and fast-changing world, this is not entirely bad, but the basic problem is obvious.

Words and ideas I offer here may be used freely and without attribution.
by technopolitical on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 05:23:58 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I'm 59 as of my last birthday, and I'll tell you right now if you think you're mature, you're kidding yourself. People never grow up. And to start to discriminate and judge and restrict people because of their age is just plain wrong.
by bil on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 11:07:01 AM EST
[ Parent ]
What is it we mean by 'growing up' and why can we require a 12 year old to go to school, but not a 16 year old? Or should everyone be left free?
by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 11:18:59 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Growing up means becoming an independent adult. Clearly at 12 you're not physically an adult yet and at 16 you may or may not be psychologically an adult. Our societies keep delaying the point at which someone who is not psychologically an adult is considered to have a problem. And of course there are more than just two dimensions to the problem.

Legal boundaries are supposedly reasonable lower or upper limits for the various stages of "growing up". Does "under 12" reasonably fall under "not yet an adult"? Does "over 16" reasonably fall under "no longer a child"?

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 11:31:00 AM EST
[ Parent ]
It's a difficult issue. Should you let a 16 year old drive a car? Take on debt? Own a gun? Buy a cigarette, or liquor, or drugs?

And then if you don't let them they may be less experienced by 18 and make all kinds of mistakes.

You also have the issue that girls are generally ahead of boys in their development. Do you make different rules for them? Flexible rules can also cause confusion.

Obviously you need some kind of transition from 12 to 18. And if we change our society from the buttom up I think we could provide people a lot more freedom early on. But if these children are released into (post-)industrial capitalism - as they are, that's reality - they're better off having two more years of compulsory training with a small dose of education.

I agree completely with Helen's point that the problems don't start when they're 16. If this is a decision about limited resources, it's better to put them into elementary school.

by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 12:01:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]
The whole idea here is that you restrict someone's rights  because of their age. But their age is simply a proxy for something else, judgment, independence, intelligence, "maturity", whatever. So that's what you should be advocating: unless someone can demonstrate the requisite qualities they should not have the rights. An intelligence test for voting perhaps, or an emotional stability test for driving. I would certainly prefer this to the proxy discrimination of age which takes rights away from the young but competent and gives rights to the older but incompetent.
Or maybe everybody should have the same rights and privileges. So that if it's too dangerous to allow 10-year olds to drive cars, then get rid of cars for everybody since they are so demonstrably unsafe.
The same arguments which are used to deny rights to the young (and the old) are the arguments that were used to deny rights to women, people with dark skin, etc.
by bil on Wed Nov 7th, 2007 at 08:41:10 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Before you can drive a car or use a gun you have to pass a test and get a licence. Maybe there would be a case for eliminating age limits to be eligible to take the tests and apply for the licences, as long as the test standards are kept high enough.

It cuts both ways, though. For instance, minors are exempt from penal responsibility.

And there is also this:
Convention on the Rights of the Child

Article 1
    For the purposes of the present Convention, a child means every human being below the age of eighteen years unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier.


We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Wed Nov 7th, 2007 at 09:09:46 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The move aims to tackle the problem of young people leaving education without qualifications or workplace skills.
You mean delay, surely?

We have met the enemy, and he is us — Pogo
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:33:06 AM EST
Do not forget.. the more you delay (because this is what it i's all about) .. the more you force people to do things they do not want.. and the more they do it the higher chance they will get pissed.. the more you treat them like stupid nerds (at 18!!!!) they higher chance the will try to rebel... and if they are in the school the more chances they will want to rebel in the school..... making the school a prison center.. whcih is basically what this is all about...

So..a person becomes a extrmely docile kid until 18!!! making them non grown-ups or they just become so pissed off that they maight be driven against other fellow students and not the state (with alittle bit of luck).

In a word.. let's try nobody gets an education unless you pay for a private extrmelly expensive school... and all dressed up as pseudo-social policy.. it's plainly disgusting

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:44:00 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Deborah Orr has an article in the Independent that addresses some of the problems.

People don't become unemployable at 16 - they start becoming unemployable much earlier than that. One in five 11-year-olds is heading for irrelevance in the skills-based economy when he or she leaves primary school after seven long years and is still unable to read or write properly. One in six has got there after another four years, when they exit the education system altogether, unable to read, write or add up. Will two more compulsory years in the classroom make the difference here? Perhaps, for some children. Perhaps not.

Johnson last year confessed that the problems with many schoolchildren started early.
.......
The problem is not that they don't spend long enough at school, but that the time they spend there is wasted.
........................
Yet the lack of candidates' formal education, if you listen to employers, is only part of the problem. What many of these young people lack are social skills. One cannot, surely, need too many qualifications in order to sit at a till in Tesco, scanning groceries all day. But one does need to have very basic skills such as an ability to get out of bed in the morning, dress presentably, get on with one's peers, display a little charm to the customer, and generally smile and make the best of things in order to beat off boredom and make the work bearable. In order to progress in the organisation, of course, one needs those skills in spades.
.......................
The trouble is that the skills needed to thrive at work or in college aren't so very different from the most basic of those that are needed to get on at school, which is why all those fusty ideas about uniform, discipline, good manners and not running in the corridor are so important. It's why, also, headteachers must have the mechanisms available through which they can properly apply those ideas, including useful alternatives for children who are unable for whatever reason to play the 21st century skills game.

The problem of education in the UK is not the resources that are thrown at those who will achieve good grades. It is the indifference of the system to those who begin to fall behind. And that process starts very very early. There are real issues of the number of children arriving at secondary school (age 11) with barely- or non-existent abilities to read, write or do basic arithmetic. We know how to remedy this, but in our educational model we choose not to.

And these are the kids who become Neets, (Not in Education, Employment or Training) at 16, the ones who staying on till 18 is attempting to address. Except, of course, they've been playing hookey, bored by a process that doesn't care about them now and hasn't addressed their needs since they were 6 years old. Can't wiat to leave, aredisruptive when they're there and criminally bored (ie inclined) when they're not. They've nothing else to do.

There was a programme on recently about a school in East London where a terrifying percentage of the children age 7 couldn't read and many at age 10 coulnd't either. One 11 year old was the youngest of 4, nobody in the family could read. Not mother, father nor any of this brothers !!!!!!

So the prog invoked the best known educational practices and a small extra resource and they turned the attainment of every child around. If you can read, you can be educated. It's that simple. Every hcild in that experiment now has a chance.

We can do it if we want. We just don't because we have an education system geared to creating a few winners and a lot of losers. To change that requires a bit more than tinkering and nobody will do it.

* The 3 Rs. Reading, writing, arithmetic. Well, one out of 3 ain't bad.

keep to the Fen Causeway

by Helen (lareinagal at yahoo dot co dot uk) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 09:42:33 AM EST
It seems that In England the primary system does nto works so well as in SPain .. here we do not have problems in the 6-12 age range.. luckily... because this is a real real real problem..

Getting kids ready for adulthood at the each of 12 is the first basic requirement.. if you do not have that... everything else is pointless.

A pleasure

I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the fact. Levi-Strauss, Claude

by kcurie on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:35:17 AM EST
[ Parent ]
A flurry of press releases are coming out of the TUC following the Queen's Speech.

TUC welcomes apprentices bill
Commenting on the Draft Apprenticeships Reform Bill in today's Queen's Speech, TUC General Secretary Brendan Barber said:

"The TUC welcomes measures to improve the number of apprenticeships on offer to young people starting out in the world of work and to older workers looking for a change of direction. More must be done to encourage employers to take on more young black and Asian people, and greater efforts are needed to support women into apprenticeships in areas like engineering and construction that are still dominated by the boys.

"If apprenticeships are to offer meaningful career opportunities, they must be of good quality, where apprentices are treated well and earn a decent wage. Legislative powers to regulate and promote apprenticeships give the opportunity to do just that, and it is important we get it right. The Government should ask the Low Pay Commission to review the current minimum wage exemptions that apply to apprentices."

What about older workers??

(Summary of all the draft Bills)

Ad astra per aspera

by In Wales (inwales aaat eurotrib.com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:31:17 AM EST
by ceebs (bunchofwankers (at) gmail (dot) com) on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 10:40:53 AM EST
Hm.  The jobs kids get straight-away at 16 are not usually the kind that promise bright futures (service industry, mostly, or the much more lucrative drugs dealing field.)  

And assuming they could enter the job market in a meaningful way, they should not drop out of school.  In my opinion.  Heck, I think college should be compulsory (and as accessible as public education.)  

I really have no knowledge of how other countries work.  But in the US it's expected you'll finish 12 grades, which one usually does around 18 yrs of age.  Otherwise, you don't get a HS degree.  And I think there is some stigma (and serious employment hurdles) attached to that.  

I can see the benefits of starting work early, but none in dropping out of school.  Still, one will always have the opportunity to work (or most of us will, out of sheer necessity).

I don't think it all pivots on "adulthood" (maturity) so much as on "how much knowledge do we want citizens to have?"  

What am I talking about?  Our education system sucks so badly.  Might as well ask how long the state should pay for kids to be babysat and tested.  Still, I thought required schooling until 18 was a social improvement...  Or is the world in such bad shape we should throw up our hands and overturn a century of child labor laws?  I say don't stop at 18; move it up to 21.

"This is nothing compared to how Putin rigged Eurovision."

by poemless on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 04:18:11 PM EST
 
I really have no knowledge of how other countries work.  But in the US it's expected you'll finish 12 grades, which one usually does around 18 yrs of age.  Otherwise, you don't get a HS degree.  And I think there is some stigma (and serious employment hurdles) attached to that.  

I can see the benefits of starting work early, but none in dropping out of school.  Still, one will always have the opportunity to work (or most of us will, out of sheer necessity).

Generally yes, it depends on individuals though.  

I left high school at age 16 and got a GED.  I didn't have to do anything special as apparently it is not all that unusual for kids to leave HS after 10th grade (around age 16) because they are no longer challenged there.  

I had already been working (mostly as a movie extra) since age 12 so maybe I was just an oddball.

Small varmints, if you will.

by Eric K on Wed Nov 7th, 2007 at 04:55:47 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I have to agree with kcurie on this one.  Mandatory education is a recipe for disaster.

For education to really work, you need at least some minimal degree of student motivation or interest.  While a good teacher can sometimes create such interest, even the best teacher can't do so for everyone.  Further, such teachers are as often as not the exception rather than the norm.

Forcing unmotivated and uninterested students to stay in the classroom not only fails to educate them, but it also alienates them from "the system" even more than they already may have been, as any direct imposition of state coercion is bound to do.

In Japan, education is compulsory through the completion of middle school, so until the students are 15 going on 16.  For the most part, Japanese schools are un-specialized until this point, and attendence is based primarily on proximity to one's place of residence.  From there on, students need to pass exams to enter a school, and the schools are specialized.  Some are top-level college-prep schools, some are vocational schools, some are general purpose vaguely academic schools, and some are low-level "I just want a HS diploma" schools.

I know many of my students who have opted not to go into High School, or who dropped out.  I see them working in a variety of jobs around town.  Some of these are the proverbial low-wage service jobs, which are often worked part-time.  Some of those students are also going to a job-prep school in their spare time, and some aren't.  However, I also know of several students who have entered the proper workforce in a variety of blue-collar jobs, construction workers and mechanics and whatnot.  I also know of many high school graduates who have gone this route.  The fact that Japan still has a solid productive sector that primarily hires Japanese people makes a HUGE difference in the viability of the non-college route.

Many of these people were the students who were either horribly disruptive in class, or who just put their heads down and refused to pay attention.  They didn't want to be there, and they were not going to participate in anything, and they made that quite clear.  Further compulsory education would have been wasted on them - it would be warehousing, and nothing more.

Then again, I also know some students who've gone on to be gangsters, or to work in the hostess sector.  Some of them had parents in similar lines of work, so there may have been nothing for it, but I do wonder.

by Zwackus on Tue Nov 6th, 2007 at 08:09:35 PM EST


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