|
by Jerome a Paris
Today, the Dow Jones dropped by 2.6% (or 360 points), so you'll have the usual talk about volatile markets, and the just as usual dismissals that the Dow is just a few percent off its all time high.
But what's happening in the banking markets, and on the balance sheets of the banks is a lot more worrying. In particular, smart players are now focusing on so-called "Level 3" assets.
What's at stake is the value of the assets on banks' balance sheets, ie the quality of the loans they have made. The problem is that they don't hold traditional loans only anymore, they hold lots of increasingly complex and sophisticated instruments - the infamous alphabet soup of ABS (asset backed securities), MBS (mortgage backed securities), CDS (credit default swaps), CDO (Collateralized Debt obligations) and siblings. Many of these assets (bonds, many derivatives, and some of the more liquid of the structured products) are traded on various financial markets, and are thus easy enough to value - you just use the market price, thus the "mark-to-market" moniker, and the "Level 1" label. Level 2 are assets that are not directly traded, but whose value can be calculated indirectly from existing prices, by using more or less tandard models. Simple options and derivatives are in that category, as are various tranches of repackaged instruments whose underlying value can be understood easily enough. This is called "mark-to-model", and big chunks are likely to be innocuous (but not all models are simple, and not all have been tested in periods of stress, so there may also be troubles bits in there). Level 3 assets are those that are so complex, or so remote from the initial underlying assets (because they have sliced, repackaged, resliced, repackaged, and combined with other bits) that there simply is no way to calculate what they are worth, because there is no market for them, and no market for the easily identifable bits. Banks are allowed to give them the value they want - but, and that's the important bit, they are now obliged to tell regulators and the markets how much stuff they have in that category. And that's where all the gory details come out.
You can go see the value of the ABX indices on this page:
AAA 71.88 That's the value as a percent of their face value. ie ultra-safe AAA paper (AAA is the rating of a few governments and a smaller number of corporations) have lost 30% of their value - more than half of that in the past couple days. AA paper (Japan is rated AA, as are the best banks, to give you an idea of what we're talking about) has lost more than half its value. Lower rated indices (well, all is relative - "A" used to be a pretty damn good rating) are not dropping so much anymore, but they are already so low (20 cents on the dollar...) that it no longer matters...
and the worst thing is - this is just one bit of the problems that banks may have: noty only do they have to worry about the real value of all the Level 3 paper on their balance sheet, but also:
So we have more than enough to potentially wipe out a number of banks. Will it come to that? Nobody knows. But the question is being asked right now in the markets. |
Menu
. Home
. About . Contact . New User Guide . FAQ . Search . Search (Google) . Archives (Wiki) Art, Economics, Energy, Environment, EU Politics, Mech & Tech, By Country Login
|
||
|
Level 3 | 70 comments (70 topical, 0 editorial, 0 hidden)
Level 3 | 70 comments (70 topical, 0 editorial, 0 hidden)
| ||||
| ||||