European Tribune

SA Rumblings

by Nomad
Fri Mar 7th, 2008 at 07:39:18 AM EST

Per afew's request...

Aside from the constant power failures, the occasional extraterrestrial spotting, the daily crime story, upcoming elections in Zimbabwe, or what Zuma did or said the other day, there is currently one scandal story in South Africa which may be worth paying attention to.

Last week Tuesday, a home-made video surfaced on the internet. Made last year's September by students from the Free State University (FSU), the video records an "initiation ceremony" at a university residency in which cleaning staff had to undergo degrading acts - among which the most shocking people eating foodware that had been urinated on.

Of course the students making the video were white. The cleaning staff consisted of men and women - all black.

Diary rescue by afew


For those who want to be disgusted, the video can be seen here. I've taken the synopsis from the same site:

Too Much Coffee ? » Blog Archive » Free State University Racist Video

The narration on the video begins: "Once upon a time the `boere' lived peacefully here on Reitz Island, until one day when the less-advantaged discovered the word `integration' in the dictionary."

The cleaners take part in a "boat race" (a beer-downing competition), a dance, a sprint race, a mock rugby practice and finally, they're given a mixture to drink.

The video shows garlic being put into a dish full of what looks like dog food.

"We know they're less privileged so we're adding a bit of meat," says the narrator.

Another student puts the bowl on the toilet and urinates into the mixture.

The brew is then distributed in plastic glasses to the cleaners.

All five of them spit out the first mouthful, but try to finish it amid loud encouragement from the students.

The video ends with the words: "That, at the end of the day, is what we think of integration."

This is followed by one of the students asking a cleaner: "What does 'sefebe' mean in Afrikaans?"

"A black whore," she replies.

This, a mere month after a racist shooting where an 18 years old white kid went on a killing spree, is the so maniest sign on the wall how entrenched racism remains under the white, Afrikaans population.

The FSU is situated in Bloemfontein. This is at the very heart of what was historically, Orange Free State, one of the two Boer states and it should not be dismissed as just history. Although it's impossible these days to find out by the numbers, because everyone will say straight-faced that racism is bad, Free State remains a bulwark of apartheid thinking, of which the existence of the "whites only" Orania enclave is perhaps the most exemplary.

Of course the FSU responded the only way it could: condemnation of the video, criminal charges against the students involved and the obligatory damage control. The Human Rights Commission and Ministry of Education are now on the case as well.

Two of the four students involved have already left the university, having graduated past December. The other two have been expelled, pending further charges, and are now making preposterous claims that no urine ever was involved (as if that would make it all right?). They also expressed "sorrow" in their own petty way:

Free State Four: We didn't urinate on meat : Mail & Guardian Online

RC Malherbe and Schalk van der Merwe said they acted without malicious intent, and expressed sorrow for the embarrassment they might have caused any individual or group, including their parents.

"Messrs Malherbe and Van der Merwe ... participated in the making of the film but remind their critics that they were and are students," said a statement released by their lawyer in Bloemfontein.

The situation at FSU is altogether illustrative how integration at a number of university campuses has been successfully sabotaged over the past years, in direct response of policy outlined to enforce integration of student residencies. The residency in which this video was taped, the Reitz residency, apparently has a long tradition refusing to accommodate black students and harbouring all the trademarks of apartheid superiority thinking.

The Free State Four and the FF+ factor : Mail & Guardian Online

Students interviewed this week confirmed its reputation. One said it had become a home for disgruntled right-wing students during the mid-Nineties.

Another former student said Reitz had been home to "troublemakers".

Fourth-year UFS student Tumelo Thamae said black students feared walking past residences such as Reitz and Karee "because the likelihood of being verbally or physically abused is high".

As Mail & Guardian reporters Monako Dibetle and Oupa Nkosi were about to interview students at Reitz during a visit to the campus this week, a white security guard asked them to leave.

The Student's Representative Council (SRC) is dominated and controlled at the FSU by youth members of the most rabid of all political parties in this country: Freedom Front Plus (they don't get a link from me). A party which has been making headway on several campuses and which is stridently against student integration, yet claiming it is not racist.

Despite protestations of the FF+ to the contrary, the weekly newspaper Mail and Guardian came this Saturday with the damning scoop on the involvement of the FF+ and their role on setting the climate of dissent and racism.

The Free State Four and the FF+ factor : Mail & Guardian Online

The M&G has established that the FF+ and its youth wing have been actively targeting the campuses of historically white institutions such as the UFS and the University of Pretoria, to campaign against racial integration.

At the UFS this has been done since the Nineties through a cultural organisation promoting Afrikaner interests. The male club is known as Here XVII (Lords Seventeen, which refers to the Dutch East India Company's bosses, who drove colonialism in the 17th century) and has been "owned" by the FF+.

The party controls the SRCs at both the Free State and Pretoria campuses and this week announced it was registering a student organisation at the University of Stellenbosch.

"The Freedom Front Plus youth at Maties will focus on the protection of Afrikaans on campus, preserve Christian values and guarantee that high standards are maintained and not replaced by transformation," said James Kemp, FF+ member in the Western Cape, in a statement on the party's website.

The situation on campus has been getting more grim and tensions are building. It doesn't help that the Reitz residents are not showing signs of remorse.

Race row students are unrepentant : Mail & Guardian Online

On the segregated campus of South Africa's University of the Free State this weekend, tensions were thunderously high as black students planned a mass protest for Monday against the white students who made a video humiliating their black cleaners.

snip snip

An elderly black car park attendant, who identified himself only as Michael, said: "There is going to be fighting. The blacks are going to get their revenge for those ladies. We've had many race riots here, and now there will be more. The Free State is the mother of apartheid."

But Reitz residence head Christo Dippenaar denied the 120-bed hostel was a hotbed of racism resisting the university's integration moves. "If you are going to put white and black together, there will be tension. There has to be something to bind them and we believe the link is rugby. Reitz has been a finalist or winner of the National Residences Competition for the past 12 years. So we told the authorities that we want to select our black residents. They refused, though out of the eight black residents they sent us, four play rugby."


What will happen next is anyone's guess. This has the potential to explode to other campuses, especially those in Pretoria, which has a similar infamous reputation. On the other hand, it may just sizzle to another death.

The attitude of South Africa on racism is, to my eyes, just peculiar. The country is hypersensitive to any form of it, the outrage is complete and at all levels, an investigation is launched, some retaliating steps are taken... and then nothing much. The beat goes on. Nothing really changes, until the next outrage. It's a damning picture of a group of people who are incapable to embrace change and transformation.


Zapiro, of course.

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Too disgusted to say anything, but ask questions.

Is this about a small number of universities, while most are well integrated?  How does your university compare in integration?

Of course there are cases of ultra-right/fascist youth demonstrations (one this week in the Salon) and fights here against the immigrant population and even deadly violent attacks on homeless people, but I don´t think they are institution based.

Our knowledge has surpassed our wisdom. --Charu Saxena.

by metavision on Sun Mar 2nd, 2008 at 06:00:57 PM EST
metavision:
Is this about a small number of universities, while most are well integrated?  How does your university compare in integration?

You're asking, honestly, for another diary. Integration of the universities in South Africa really has just begun.

The f'ed up situation with tertiary schooling scattered and segregated over the former bantustans, townships and "white" areas - has only been addressed quite recently, since 2004, after which massive transformation and integration were undertaken. Obviously, I was not there during the start of it, but it is a process which is still happening. Effectively, that integration policy is spiralling through the social system now. I have to rely on other sources for this, but apparently institutions went from a total of 36 to twenty something.

Education in South Africa - SouthAfrica.info

South Africa has a vibrant higher education sector, with more than a million students enrolled in the country's 24 state-funded tertiary institutions: 11 universities, five universities of technology, and six comprehensive institutions. [Nomad: that makes 22...]

These have recently been integrated, with the country's former 36 universities and "technikons" being amalgamated into larger tertiary institutions. Higher education is also offered at hundreds of private institutions, which are registered with the Department of Education to confer specific degrees and diplomas.

Many of South Africa's universities are world-class academic institutions, at the cutting edge of research in certain spheres. Although subsidised by the state, the universities are autonomous, reporting to their own councils rather than government.

Wikipedia lists 23 tertiary educations, of which 11 are seen as "traditional" - but this should not be seen as saying they haven't undergone change.

Transformation implies that although there are now 23 - 24 umbrella structures, campuses of some of the integrated institutions are still spread and scattered and many institutions remain struggling for further integration. Another effect is that some cities, even smaller ones, now have two kinds of universities. This is not necessarily a bad thing - but historically one of those institutes was "black", the other "white". Bloemfontein, where the FSU is based, also hosts a university of technology - the originally "black" school. Johannesburg is home to the University of the Witwatersrand, or Wits as it is colloquially known, and the University of Johannesburg, which had its roots in a "traditional" university, but was forced to merge with the now abolished Vista University in Soweto.

Now, as for my university, I'm proud to say I study at Wits University - I did make sure to find out what kind of environment I'd head for before I accepted. Wits is a world ranked university, competing with Rhodes University for the highest rated university of Africa. The school of geosciences at Wits is world renowned. The University was the home of 4 of the 6 South African Nobel laureates, among which Nelson Mandela. During the apartheid years, it was at the forefront of the apartheid struggle and transformation and suffered the consequences for it: shootings, deportation and detentions of students occurred frequently on campus and governmental funding was cut off. In fact, the Rand Afrikaans Universiteit, now transformed into the University of Johannesburg, was basically created because the government desired a university more tractable than Wits. Its stance was considered exemplary. With over 26000 current students, the demographics of South Africa are well represented on campus. However, the picture becomes more and more skewed and white-leaning with each higher degree. There is no black PhD student at my school. A story for a different day - even with a good record, the university has its problems.

Still, there was very little need for Wits University to undergo extensive transformation. But to conclude on your question: integration of tertiary institutions is in full swing, with a small number resisting transformation (the FSU, University of Pretoria and Stellenbosch the main suspects), a small number of universities embracing it and a number of universities which are completely new to the scene and are now developing from the ground up.

Perhaps I should've made clear from the outset that tertiary integration in South Africa is a very recent development. What happened at the FSU could be viewed in the light of a reactionary outburst to very real social changes. Nevertheless, I'm nudged further and further to the thought that the white life-style, and mindset to live life, were virtually unaffected after apartheid was abolished in 1994.

by Nomad on Mon Mar 3rd, 2008 at 03:56:48 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Great Diary, Nomad.  I think the moral is that a great deal of racism/sectarianism can persist within civil society long after a "political" settlement has been reached at Government/elite level.  The same is true in Northern Ireland.  Social/personal change can be a slow process, and it may take some generations before the ideology of transformation/integration/pluralism/non-sectarianism/equality of esteem etc.  actually gets translated into facts on the ground.  Of course it helps if there are real sanctions against serial/serious offenders.

In many ways the transition from Apartheid has been an incredibly peaceful process, and it is remarkable how little violence/crime there is considering the persistence of huge levels of deprivation and inequality.  At one stages we were looking at serious wars involving all of the southern African states, Cuba and the then super powers.

I am interested in doing a study of the negotiation processes which led to the end of Apartheid - and comparing them to those that led to the Good Friday agreement in Northern Ireland.  Have you any good sources on the the negotiation procedses used between the Chief protagonists after Nelson Mandela's release up to and including the Truth and Reconciliation Commission?

"It's a mystery to me - the game commences, For the usual fee - plus expenses, Confidential information - it's in my diary..."

by Frank Schnittger (mail Frankschnittger at hot dotty communists) on Sun Mar 2nd, 2008 at 06:32:45 PM EST
That's a less frequently heard interpretation... But yes, considering what this country and the majority of its populations have gone through, I've been absolutely astounded by the fact I can have a beer in Soweto and generally not be humiliated or looked down upon. But even that, I'm afraid, has a very cynical edge. White Afrikaner people don't go to Soweto. Foreigners and ex-pats do. Am I starting to become accusing towards modern Afrikaners? I think I am, but I need to sort this through in a more structured fashion.

Frank Schnittger:

 Have you any good sources on the the negotiation procedses used between the Chief protagonists after Nelson Mandela's release up to and including the Truth and Reconciliation Commission?

From the top of my head, no. On the history of South Africa I've read two books which may serve as a starting point. The rather bleak "The State of Africa" by Martin Meredith and the more humane "Africa: A Modern History" by Guy Arnold have served me well as introductionary texts, and read as pair I think they form a balanced overview. I shall look at their sources and see what else is available. Let me get back to you for that later.

If the stormy present is around, she may have some  tips for you, too.

by Nomad on Mon Mar 3rd, 2008 at 04:26:35 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Only barely around.  Will have a look & see what I can come up with.
by the stormy present (stormypresent aaaaaaat gmail etc) on Mon Mar 3rd, 2008 at 06:58:27 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I have to admit that when I saw this story plastered all over the TV channels, I sort of rolled my eyes.  Another round of predictable shock! and outrage! that -- gasp! my god! -- there is racism! in South Africa!

In other breaking news, water is wet.

You got it mostly right.  Shock, outrage, scandal, toyi-toying, and then not much changes.  South Africa will appoint a judicial commission of inquiry into anything and everything, including the pressing issue of why they didn't win more medals in the Olympics (I'm not making that up) but in the end, it's a lot of talk and not a lot of change.

But actually, things are changing, people are changing, just at a far more glacial pace than we'd like.  It's really not like it was.  And hopefully, it won't be like it is.  But it'll be generations.

by the stormy present (stormypresent aaaaaaat gmail etc) on Mon Mar 3rd, 2008 at 07:07:41 AM EST
I know, I know, it's pretty run off the mill - guess my relative newness to this country is still showing. As I outlined to metavision above, I suspect because serious integration of the tertiary institutes was only started fairly recently, this is a social outburst only happening today, because the racist patches of Afrikanerdom at the universities were able to potter on with their life unconcernedly up until now.

Yes, it will be generations - hopefully. I didn't really want to admit it, but I've developed a niggling sense of uncertainty over the past year. I'm seeing too many Afrikaners, not just the extreme types, who are simply unwilling to look back, unwilling to reach out or cross cultures. Despite everything done and said, a group of Afrikaners appears utterly determined to ruin their own, and everyone else's, chances - either out of sheer malicious intent or sheer otherworld obnoxiousness. The majority of the Afrikaners has not particularly impressed me that they can "recognize the injustices of our past".

by Nomad on Mon Mar 3rd, 2008 at 11:08:26 AM EST
[ Parent ]
No dear, that wasn't a comment on you, it was a comment on South Africa.  I was actually hoping you'd write about it.  It's important.  It's just -- as I think you indicated -- not new, not surprising and not simple, which is not how it's been reflected on TV.

I think this editorial in the Sunday Times is talking about the right things.  Fourteen years too late, but better late than never.

As for Afrikaners... well, that might have to be a separate post.  Very complicated.  In a nutshell, I think things have stalled and are sliding backwards, and it depresses me.

If it helps, think about Bram Fischer (I know, he's dead, but still) and Athol Fugard.  Have you read Country of my Skull?  (Don't see the stupid movie.)  Also this is fascinating.  I'm not sure I believe it, but...

by the stormy present (stormypresent aaaaaaat gmail etc) on Mon Mar 3rd, 2008 at 03:16:09 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Good, moving editorial. I think it was you who had  previously written that the Truth and Reconciliation Commission was sufficient for what it accomplished, but was half-baked for what was needed for the country. Perhaps it was you. *frown * In any case, I've been shifting my perspective on the post-apartheid process - so Country of my Skull now seems necessary reading. Besides it's Krog, I've really liked her work so far - hadn't realized until now her book was about the TRC.

A Dutch writer and interviewer I admire and enjoy reading a lot, Adriaan van Dis, who has always had a fascination for South Africa and for Afrikaans as language, recently carried a very good tv series in which he revisited all his friends from South Africa - among others Antjie Krog. But well, it's in Dutch, although the interview is in English, I think: it can be found here for those interested.

by Nomad on Tue Mar 4th, 2008 at 03:50:51 PM EST
[ Parent ]
"Of course the students making the video were white. The cleaning staff consisted of men and women - all black."

There are plenty of college hazing scandals in the US.  Sometimes they involve whites hazing whites, all too often they involve blacks hazing blacks.  There is no "of course"

by interguru (jhd -at- interguru -dot- com) on Fri Mar 7th, 2008 at 08:20:31 AM EST
If we'd be talking about hazing scandals (I didn't know this word, thanks) in general, I'd say yes to your comment. Hazing affairs are frequent in the Netherlands, my stomping grounds, too.

Not so for South Africa. This is a typical and illustrative event of the situation on the ground here. White on black racism and accustomary denigrating acts are widespread, institutionalized and engrained in this country. So yes, of course.

by Nomad on Fri Mar 7th, 2008 at 11:02:21 AM EST
[ Parent ]
This isn't hazing at all. Hazing scandals involve abuse of lower status members of the same group - here it's most commonly applicants to fraternities, or, less often, sororities. The typical issue is forced excessive alcohol consumption, occasionally resulting in death. Beatings and weird homoerotic stuff also occur.  

This is similar to the crap that frat members pull on outsiders. In the US the most frequent target is women, though racial incidents happen as well.

by MarekNYC on Fri Mar 7th, 2008 at 11:32:47 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Right, abuse of cleaning staff by students is not hazing. Hazing would have been abuse done among students to establish a pecking order and as an initiation into the group.

It'd be nice if the battle were only against the right wingers, not half of the left on top of that — François in Paris
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat Mar 15th, 2008 at 10:12:13 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The diary is about abusive behavior, but not comparable with your example because here, there is no ´even playing field´.

Welcome to ET.

Our knowledge has surpassed our wisdom. --Charu Saxena.

by metavision on Fri Mar 7th, 2008 at 01:13:23 PM EST
[ Parent ]


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