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Eco-Driving promoted by the European Commission

by Luis de Sousa
Sat May 31st, 2008 at 10:35:59 AM EST

High fuel prices are wreaking havoc in Europe, some call for tax exemptions others go on strike. The structural constraints affecting oil supply are becoming to much to bear for Europeans, especially those more reliant on the automobile.

But before going out for a demonstration against who ever you may think is responsible for high fuel prices, there are a few things you can do to ease the pain: it's called Eco-Driving.

This is a crosspost from TheOilDrum:Europe.

Together with Europia (European Petroleum Industry Association) the European Commission has launched a campaign to promote energy efficient driving. Leaflets with a roll of tips that help drivers reducing their fuel consumption will be made available at filling stations all across Europe. Some 45 000 stations will receive the leaflets in one the biggest public information campaign I can remember (surely the biggest on Energy). The press from the Comission anouncing the campaign can be read in full here.

Andris Piebalgs wrote in his blog about this "intelligent driving":

I made recently a short test with an eco-driving simulator. By applying all eco-driving tips, a normal driver is able to reduce his energy consumption in an urban circuit from 7.3 l/100km to 5 liters. That means, at a price of 1.40 € per litre of gasoline and 15 000 km per year, that the driver is saving 500 €. Let's imagine that the drivers would apply just some of the tips, we are still speaking of impressive savings, in money terms for the citizens and in CO2 emissions for the planet.

Eco-driving entails no investment, no need for sacrifice. It is simply a matter of responsible behaviour, keeping in mind some principles when driving, which make sense and are beneficial in all respects: not only for our planet and economy, but also for our health and our safety. One could ask: Why do so few people eco-drive? The reply is quite obvious: because we have not been educated to do that! Only recently are eco-driving principles really becoming part of the syllabus for obtaining a driver's licence. That means that only new drivers have been taught to drive intelligently.

A website was made promoting the campaign on-line. Go there and click your flag of choice, you'll be presented with some funny cartoons exemplifying the tips (nice to send around to your friends perhaps).

Here are the 10 tips being promoted in the leaflet [pdf 2.9 Mb]:

Save more than fuel

10 tips to help you drive more efﬁciently.

Keep your car well serviced and check the oil level regularly.
Correctly maintained cars can operate more efﬁciently and help reduce CO2 emissions.

Check your tyre pressure every month.
Under-inﬂated tyres can increase fuel consumption by up to 4%.

Remove unnecessary weight from your boot or back seats.
The heavier the car, the harder the engine has to work and the more fuel it consumes.

Close your windows, especially at higher speeds, and remove empty roof racks.
This will reduce wind resistance and can lower your fuel consumption and CO2 emissions by up to 10%.

Use air conditioning only when necessary.
Unnecessary use increases fuel consumption and CO2 emissions by up to 5%.

Start driving soon after starting the engine and turn off the engine when stationary for more than one minute.
Modern engines enable you to just get in and go, thus reducing fuel consumption.

Drive at reasonable speeds and above all, drive smoothly.
Every time you accelerate or brake suddenly, your engine uses more fuel and produces more CO2.

When accelerating, change up gears as early as possible.
Higher gears are more economical in terms of fuel consumption.

Try to anticipate traffic flow.
Look at the trafﬁc as far ahead as possible in order to avoid unnecessary stopping and starting within the ﬂow of trafﬁc.

Consider car sharing for work or leisure.
You will help reduce congestion and fuel consumption.

Following these tips will not likely have any impact on world oil prices, but they are one step that each EU citizen can take to ease the dependence on oil and at the same time diminish the economic backlash from high fuel costs.

Finally there's a video worth watching on EUtube on the subject (possibly good educational stuff too):

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Eco-Driving promoted by the European Commission | 30 comments (30 topical, 0 editorial, 0 hidden)

Re: Eco-Driving promoted by the European Commissio (4.00 / 2)

Piebalgs takes a beating in the comments to his blog entry. For instance:

Peak oil Says:
peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil
...
Talk to us about how the infrastructure of our cities need to be adapted to this changing world.
Please don't blind us for the reality of what is going to happen with your tips and tricks to reduce emissions. It does not reflect the urgency of the situation.
Have some guts and grow a vision. Don't do it for me, do it for your grand children.

tonyw Says:
...
It is now nearly three months since you started your most welcome blog but progress seems to be incredibly slow. WTI is hovering around $130 and there is talk about $200/barrel. Since the blog started WTI has increased by nearly 30% and still we are talking, in this thread about driving economically!!
In this time we could have:
Banned production of cars with emissions over say 225g/km.
Introduced a European speed limit of 90km/h 55mph.
Stopped expansion of airports and roads.
None of the above would require new technology or training or huge funding.
So let's stop moving the deckchairs around. I have lots more ideas but we all need to take action and responsibility especially those in positions of leadership.

Carolus Obscurus says:
...
... A textbook example is Andris's own account of his experience with an eco-driving simulator (see above). He writes:
By applying all eco-driving tips, a normal driver is able to reduce his energy consumption in an urban circuit from 7.3 l/100km to 5 liters.
Well, yes - but only on one of those simulator thingummies. On the real existing streets of real existing cities the likelihood of any normal driver being able to reduce her fuel consumption by 37% simply by applying a few eco-tips approaches zero. Perhaps amber or red light jumping would help, but that could have nasty consequences.
On a similar vein, Commissioner Wallstrom has recently divulged on her own blog that
... by boiling less water - i.e. only just enough for your cup of tea - you could help save a lot of energy. If all Europeans boiled just the water they needed, thus avoiding 1 litre of unnecessarily boiled water per day, the energy saved could power one third of Europe's streetlights.
Fairy tales of this kind tempt one to award a prize for the most ridiculous energy-saving tip of the month, something fit for `Private Eye' or `The Onion':
...

Marcel Oeyen Says:
I'm disappointed to see that the best you can come up with, in regard to energy efficiency, is ECO-driving.
This shows that you, like most people, do not understand the true size of our energy and climate-problem.
Don't you think that it would be more useful to use all your influence to get people out of their car and into public transport or onto their bike, than learning them to ECO-drive? By promoting this ECO-driving you give people the idea that it is OK to drive as much as they do. And since when is driving a car ECO?

Oh, and Europia (with the inevitable aliterative associations to Utopia) is a very insidious name for the European Petroleum Industry Association.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 10:49:31 AM EST

The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (4.00 / 4)

Promoting Eco-driving is important because no one knows about these simple things that might make a difference. For instance: bike-racks most folks use them during the weekend to take their neat machines to the muddy woods, but just keep it there the whole week when they go to work. Something like that can costly easily 15% of the fuel bill.

As for the Commission's acting on the whole, what can I say? We just had oil topping 135$ and this week Andris writes a log entry talking about buying electricity at the supermarket. Go figure...

Vencit omnia veritas.

by Luis de Sousa (luis[dot]a[dot]de[dot]sousa[at]gmail[dot]com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 11:27:57 AM EST
[ Parent ]

The Commission is not that bad, but... (none / 1)

...the Commissioners do seem clueless.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 11:31:28 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (4.00 / 6)

We just had oil topping 135$ and this week Andris writes a log entry talking about buying electricity at the supermarket. Go figure...

Oh, my!

Commissioner Andris Piebalgs' Blog: Buying green kilowatts in the supermarket (May 30, 2008)

Many people ask me what the internal energy market is about. Actually it does look like a very technical issue only suitable for engineers. It is technical indeed, but for final consumers, the opening of the energy market would mean that you can choose your electricity in the same way as you chose your potatoes. In other words, that there is a wide choice and your decision is based in your particular preferences. Wouldn't it be good that you can buy your kilowatt hours in the same supermarket that you buy your milk or your clothes?
...
Last Friday, I visited a supermarket where you can indeed buy electricity as you buy tomatoes. The group Carrefour Belgium, a partner of our Sustainable Energy Campaign, has decided to sell electricity in their stores. Yes, like they sell food, clothes or books. And in order to target a particular market share they have decided to sell 100% renewable electricity. We had seen a similar phenomena when the Commission liberalised the sale of gasoline and diesel. Many supermarkets across Europe have entered this market, and this had a positive impact on prices and in the freedom of choice for consumers.

I posted the following comment, let's hope the moderator doesn't kill it

Migeru Says: Your comment is awaiting moderation.
May 31st, 2008 at 6:03 pm
Dear Andris,
Utilities are not potatoes and you know it.
With the internal energy market you still have only one electrical grid. It may be broken down into interconnected subgrids each owned by a different company, but the point is that you don't have a choice of who owns the wires that feed power to your home, and nobody is offering to build a new infrastructure to "compete" with the existing one. This means your electricity provider needs to pay a usage fee to the infrastructure provider and the cost of that fee is passed on to you in your electricity bill.
Utilities produce energy and sell it on a market by charging a price to feed power into the grid. This price is the "marginal" price, that is, it is dictated by whatever the momentary supply and demand conditions are, and then by the production cost of the most expensive KWh needed to satisfy the momentary demand. At present, baseload power is generally provided by (non-discretionary) nuclear and wind, and peak power by (discretionary) hydro, and fossil-carbon plants (coal, petroleum, gas). As hydro is cheap it is used if available in preference to fossil-carbon and so the marginal price is the price of one KWh of electricity from (normally) gas.
Electricity from gas didn't use to be the most expensive, but the price of gas in international markets is pegged to oil futures, and as you know the price of oil futures has grown severalfold in the last few years, from under $60/bbl or even under $30bbl to over $120/bbl. This means the price of gas has grown and so has the price of the marginal KWh of electricity.
Anyway, back to the power market. Marginal pricing and energy trading means that "100% renewable power", even though it is (in the current $135/bbl oil climate) cheaper to produce than gas, is still sold on the liberalised electricity market at the price of electricity from gas, which is rather expensive. The electricity provider pockets the difference. In a regulated monopoly situation, it would be possible for the price to be the average price as opposed to the marginal price, thus reducing the margins.
Also, "100% renewable power" such as that offered by Carrefour is normally sold at a premium over "dirty" power, banking on the willingness of the "green" consumer to pay a little more to help the planet. However, as I argued above, electricity from hydro or wind is much cheaper to produce than form gas. So, we're being swindled. However, there are honest reasons for cheap, "green" power to be sold more expensive than "not guaranteed green" power.
The problem is that, if green power were sold substantially cheaper to the retail consumer, demand would rush to green power and there just isn't enough green power generation to go around. Considering a KWh is indistinguishable from another KWh once it leaves the power generation plant, power is a single commodity with a single price. But clearly the consumers distinguish "dirty" from "green" power, so it is no longer a single commodity, but two different ones delivered by the same grid? I'm confused. Anyway, because of this indistinguishability, I am tempted to ask whether there is an electricity market regulator checking that a utility (or supermarket) is not selling more KWh of "100% renewable" power than they can produce or buy in the open power market? Because, potentially, all of us could be paying for "green power" while it is a known fact that a small fraction of all power generation is "green". Oh, I forgot a "regulator" is anathema to the market liberalisation ideologues running our energy policy, but you begin to see why there should be one.
So, maybe it makes sense that green power is sold more expensive than dirty power, just so as to keep the demand for "100% renewable power" below the production capacity. But we should be clear about the margins involved.
Finally, when you say
it is essential that the market is not dominated by the traditional companies (in many Member States by the traditional company), but make it easier for newcomers, maybe small renewable producers, or companies from other Member States to come and sell different products, at different prices
you remind me of a consumer watchdog who recently appeared before a Commons committee of inquiry in the UK and claimed that the fact that electricity tariffs were virtually identical across suppliers was evidence of the failure of competition. In fact, it is entirely the opposite. The most intense competition is on price and so competition leads to price equalization across suppliers. Then other variations in the kind of service offered lead to second-order price differences. In fact, it is wholly unclear to me on what the various UK power providers are "innovating" spurred by the "competition" in the liberalised energy market.
So, can we stop it with the patently incorrect statements that competition will lead to a range of retail prices (false if competition is primarily on price) and that power market liberalization will lead to cheaper power (false given that marginal prices are of necessity higher than average prices)?
Thank you for your time.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 12:11:14 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 1)

Hail Migeru! Excellent comment.

When locusts move on, they leave nothing behind

by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 12:24:12 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

One could probably poke a few holes in it...

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 12:30:21 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 1)

I suspect you may be taking the debate into a level of detail he isn't personally familiar with.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 12:44:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (4.00 / 2)

I don't know the level he's comfortable with, but this

Many people ask me what the internal energy market is about. Actually it does look like a very technical issue only suitable for engineers. It is technical indeed, but for final consumers, the opening of the energy market would mean that you can choose your electricity in the same way as you chose your potatoes.

seems to be the level he assumes his audience can handle.

Which ranges between pathetic and an insult to the audience's intelligence.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 12:58:21 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (4.00 / 2)

That sounds like a media-training made-for-TV point, and he doesn't seem to realise the readers of his blog might want more details than a TV audience.

Un roi sans divertissement est un homme plein de misères

by linca (antonin POINT lucas AROBASE gmail.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 01:05:16 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (4.00 / 4)

That's pretty much a 'We don't do contingency' level of aristocratic disconnection.

It will be interesting to see if your comment passes moderation.

The Big Lie about consumer competition is that consumers aren't the ones allowed to do the choosing - the choosing happens on the stock markets, and leverage is applied against companies which 'don't perform.'

Consumers don't have access to that leverage. It's analyst expecations which drive performance levels and consumer prices, and there's nothing 'competitive' about lowering prices.

The mythical notion of consumer choice as it's usually presented can't possibly exist in those circumstances. Instead you reliably get a distributed monopoly, which usually tries to turn itself into a cartel with explicit price fixing agreements, even when they're illegal.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 01:13:48 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 1)

You mean "aristocratic disconnection" as in

these statements are misleading or plain wrong. I myself drive an ethanol-powered Saab 9-5 and certainly I would not even think of it if I had the slightest suspicion that I'm contributing in any way to global warming, or, even worse, to an international genocide.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 01:19:37 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 1)

Some good comments on that one. I particularly liked:

Euan from the Oil Drum

So you are driving a vehicle that is only 5% efficient and is wasting 95% of the primary energy used to propel it. As the EU Energy Commissioner I would be keeping this very much secret.

Does Piebalgs actually read the comments? Most of them are high quality and demolish his arguments, but he doesn't - for some reason - appear to be listening.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 02:27:36 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 1)

What has made it clear that he actually writes it ?

Un roi sans divertissement est un homme plein de misères

by linca (antonin POINT lucas AROBASE gmail.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 03:27:28 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

There is no evidence to suggest he doesn't write the entries himself.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 03:40:51 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (4.00 / 4)

I'm not so sure. I wouldn't be suprised if it's a group effort - he lays out some talking points, a staffer fills in the details, he does a final revision.

They're substantial, structured posts with quite a bit of background, and would probably take a couple of hours to write from scratch. I'd be surprised if he feels he has that kind of time to spare on a blog which will only ever be a minority interest.

The lack of feedback and interaction is another give-away - it looks like push-blogging, not engagement blogging.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 03:51:12 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

Well, you're right that the entire http://blogs.ec.europa.eu/ site reads like a collection of press releases written in a more personal style.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sun Jun 1st, 2008 at 06:28:21 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (4.00 / 2)

It doesn't look like the Commissioners have grasped the concept of engaging their readers by posting comments in reply to those posted by the readers.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 03:28:34 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

Does Piebalgs actually read the comments?

Perhaps he delegates the entire blog to some junior staffer. It would appear that he is a web poseur. If so this might be an opportunity.

If sanity be culturally normative, then by the norms of this culture I claim insanity.

by ARGeezer (ARGeezer at eurotrib.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 11:48:11 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

An opportunity for what?

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sun Jun 1st, 2008 at 04:05:13 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

For public demonstration of his "inauthenticity." That he is just posturing by putting up the site. It is also possible that, if he doesn't keep track of what is being said, that the site minder might say something a wider range of the public would find ludicrous or objectionable. At worst, that might lead to an elevation of the currently risible content.

Has the "moderation" which your post awaited been provided? Was it displayed on his site?

If sanity be culturally normative, then by the norms of this culture I claim insanity.

by ARGeezer (ARGeezer at eurotrib.com) on Sun Jun 1st, 2008 at 01:01:43 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

The moderator must be on their weekend break...

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sun Jun 1st, 2008 at 01:05:56 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

No doubt. Then there will be the "lost e-mail" event.

If sanity be culturally normative, then by the norms of this culture I claim insanity.

by ARGeezer (ARGeezer at eurotrib.com) on Mon Jun 2nd, 2008 at 12:54:43 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (4.00 / 3)

I especially fancy the analogy with potatoes, another non-differentiable product for primary producers.

And one other thing, if I turn a light on during the night how can anyone guarantee me that the electricity is not coming from a Coal or Nuclear power station (the baseload generators) instead of the windmill electricity I bought at the supermarket?

What a load of nonsense.

Vencit omnia veritas.

by Luis de Sousa (luis[dot]a[dot]de[dot]sousa[at]gmail[dot]com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 01:21:07 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (4.00 / 2)

'ear, 'ear'!

andris might be forgiven for wondering what he has unleashed, starting this blog...

not much sign of engagement, yet.

If'Madness is the absence of work'(Foucault), then Sanity is the presence of play..

by melo (melometa4(at)gmail.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 01:40:36 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 1)

There's a lot to say about the limits of the economics law that prices are determined by the market, which marginalist economics will defend as absolut truth. At the consumer level, prices are not so much about competition, and mostly about a expectations game based on what the product is supposed to cost, which may or may not have anything to do with the cost of production - marginal or average. For example, the French bread makers are raising their prices quickly with the noise of the food crisis, despite the fact that wheat only accounts for 10% of the cost of bread.

Un roi sans divertissement est un homme plein de misères

by linca (antonin POINT lucas AROBASE gmail.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 01:03:16 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

For example, the French bread makers are raising their prices quickly with the noise of the food crisis, despite the fact that wheat only accounts for 10% of the cost of bread.

How much is accounted for by the power to heat the ovens?

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 01:07:18 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

No idea. That's not how they justify they price hikes to the public, anyway. And they are using EDF's electricity most of the time - has that risen that much ?

Un roi sans divertissement est un homme plein de misères

by linca (antonin POINT lucas AROBASE gmail.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 01:15:17 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 1)

Another example : white flour is cheaper than whole flour, white bread cheaper than whole bread, (and even more than mixed-cereal bread), reversing a millenia-long trend...

Un roi sans divertissement est un homme plein de misères

by linca (antonin POINT lucas AROBASE gmail.com) on Sat May 31st, 2008 at 01:59:10 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Commission is not that bad, or is it? (none / 0)

The moderator is back from their weekend break and my comment is #5. There are these others:

Commissioner Andris PIEBALGS: http://blogs.ec.europa.eu/piebalgs/buying-green-kilowatts-in-the-supermarket/">

Henk Daalder Windparken Wiki Says:
May 30th, 2008 at 10:04 pm
This blog is only about marketplaces.
The market is also about fair and sustainable production.
...
Peak Oil Says:
May 31st, 2008 at 5:08 pm
peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil peak oil
...
Thank you in advance for addressing this peak oil theory in your next blog. You can call it false and rubbish, but just let us know where you stand on this.

The problem with these celebrity blogs is that the celebrities just dumps their little load and then a bunch of highly dedicated single-issue bloggers shout back at them. The same thing happened to Wallström.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Mon Jun 2nd, 2008 at 05:30:43 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Eco-Driving (none / 0)

In addition to the fuel economy hints listed above, you can take a more extreme approach as discussed in this video:

by asdf on Sun Jun 1st, 2008 at 07:25:47 PM EST

Eco-Driving promoted by the European Commission | 30 comments (30 topical, 0 editorial, 0 hidden)

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