London under London

by ChrisCook
Sat Mar 13th, 2010 at 08:05:55 AM EST

There was a very interesting article on Bloomberg yesterday about the City of London Corporation .

`Invisible Power' of London Money Exposed as Mayor Fights Back - Bloomberg.com

March 12 (Bloomberg) -- When money needs to talk in London, it's the lord mayor who speaks.

Nick Anstee, the 682nd mayor of the U.K. capital's financial district, is battling politicians from all parties who blame the bankers and brokers he represents for wrecking the country's economy. Taxpayers assumed more than 800 billion pounds ($1.2 trillion) of liabilities to bail out financial firms, and an election must be held by June.

"The taxpayer doesn't understand how critical the financial services industry is to them," Anstee, 51, said in an interview at his 252-year-old Mansion House residence opposite the Bank of England. "This absolutely overwhelming tide of negative attitudes has been brought about in taxpayers' minds."

City of London chiefs have championed trade and challenged politicians for centuries. They befriended William the Conqueror, helped overthrow King Charles I and one backed U.S. founding father George Washington. Yet the top lobbyist for Britain's financial services industry isn't well-known in the square mile he presides over and where 6,000 companies operate.

The lord mayor is an "invisible power" who Britons don't recognize as the representative of the banks they bailed out, said London Metropolitan University politics lecturer Maurice Glasman. He's campaigning to merge Anstee's government with that of Greater London Authority Mayor Boris Johnson, which was started in 2000 to represent the capital's 7.5 million people.

This rang a few bells with me firstly because I was born in London, as were my kids, and I lived and worked there for about twenty years, for fifteen of them in the City.

Secondly, and more recently I recently met, and had dinner with, the remarkable Maurice Glasman who is central to the feature. I am working with the community activist network London Citizens - in which he is a key player - to extend their success in ensuring City firms pay a "Living Wage" to the provision of Affordable Housing for Londoners.


Maurice is a remarkable man - the promoter of a new strand of radical political thinking he calls Blue Labour. This is a close parallel to the Red Toryism of Phillip Blond whose thinking I admire, and who is a close friend of Glasman, to whom he introduced me. In fact Glasman said that one of Blond's three tenets in The Civic State originated from him.

This Diary is not aimed at exploring the similarities and distinctions between the two strands, which are very much convergent, although IMHO in the final analysis, as the party of the privileged, most Tory party members will simply not go along with the politics of Solidarity. I am aiming rather at Glasman's fascinating work in respect of the largely invisible existence, operation, and hugely influential, yet largely undemocratic, role over the centuries of the Corporation of London.

This interview in the leftist Red Pepper sets out his case and his approach

Confronting the city - Red Pepper

They think I'm a communist', smiles Maurice Glasman impishly. Gazing through horn-rimmed spectacles, the genial politics lecturer from London Metropolitan University does not make the most fearsome of revolutionaries.

His front door is pink, and his front room a beguiling mess of books, children's toys and old jazz records. There no bust of Marx, but there is a Tottenham Hotspur pendant hanging from the wall.

The `they' in question are the Corporation of London, the ancient political entity that represents the City of London. Accustomed to anonymity, the Corporation has been unnerved by the persistent desire of Glasman and his associates at campaigning group London Citizens to open up a political dialogue. The aim is some kind of recompense for the banking bail out. But incensed by the group's anti-usury campaign, which demands a cap on interest rates at 20 per cent, and was launched provocatively at a synagogue in the City, officials stormed out of meetings. `Last week they were so beside themselves with fury they threatened to cut off all relations with us,' Glasman says.

But it's not just Glasman's campaigning activities that have cast him as a modern-day Spartacus in City eyes. It's also his determination to hold the City accountable for the crash. To him, the worst global economic crisis since the `30s is the culmination the City's decades-long striving to free finance from all regulation, a model assiduously exported around the globe. `The Corporation of London is responsible for the entire economic policy and all its consequences, that we've lived through for the last 30 years,' he says. `It's time for a reckoning.'

In Glasman's view - and I share it - the Credit Crunch has fractured the City, and obliged the Corporation to become much more accessible than they ever were.

Glasman believes the fruit of this influence has been the relentless promotion of the financial sector at the expense of the rest of the British economy, and the progressive freeing of finance from regulation. The City funded events, hosted meals and underwrote think tanks in order to persuade the Thatcher government to introduce the `Big Bang', which ended national regulation of capital flows. It pushed for privatisation in policy papers and lobbying. It helped ensure that the Financial Services Authority's constitution did not `discourage the launch of new financial products' and `avoided erecting regulatory barriers.'

`Over a period of 500 years the City has supported deregulation at every turn', states Glasman. At the time of the crash regulations in the City of London were softer than they were on Wall Street. `The consequences of this are massive,' he says. `You had fraudulent products - the cause of the crash - debt being repackaged as an asset and then being used as leverage. The assets they held and credit they generated were on a ratio of 50-1. There was no effective regulation of this, no effective oversight.'

This year, to his surprise, the Corporation started answering Glasman's letters for the first time. Then in June, they agreed to meet him and London Citizens. He senses apprehension. `They have been exposed by the bailout', he says. `They have refused more than ten years of requests from us and suddenly they agree to meet. I think they are concerned that the political parties will move to a more manufacturing, less financially-based economy.

Glasman is suggesting that the City of London of which Boris Johnson is Mayor,and the baroque, opaque Corporation of London should be merged.

Glasman wants a single London Mayor, based in the Mansion House and an all London Parliament in the Guildhall. In this, he says, he is merely trying to make good the attempt by Charles the First in 1632 to unify London by asking the City to extend civic rights to thousands of refugees from enclosure in Whitechapel, Clerkenwell and Southwark. The City refused. Now Glasman think it's time to ask again.` I don't want to see the Corporation of London abolished, but expanded,' he says.

One London government would mean the City's assets - its funds and global property portfolio, thought to encompass substantial parts of London, New York, Hong Kong and Sydney - would pass to the population of the capital. The City has never published an inventory of its assets but they generate £600 million a year in interest; Glasman says the chair of the corporation's finance once told him the full amount was `truly colossal'. Such a transfer of wealth would mean a draining of its influence. `The City's power would be diminished,' says Glasman, `and the financial sector would have to work with the same rules as everyone else, through the British Bankers Association, for example.'

It's not hard to see why the City would regard this as the kind of nightmare of expropriation thought to have passed safely into history with the Berlin Wall. But Glasman's reputation as a Marxist in misplaced. He is director of the faith and citizenship programme at London Metropolitan University, and has joined forces with London Citizens, an alliance of faith groups, schools and trade union branches, inspired by the US community organising movement that trained the young Barack Obama. And while he does confess an intellectual allegiance to an émigré economist who settled in England, it isn't Karl Marx. Glasman's main debt is to Karl Polanyi, whose work The Great Transformation sought to explain the collapse in the nineteenth century liberal economy into depression and war. Markets turn both people and nature into commodities, with consequences lethal to both, argued Polanyi, and they needed protection in a regulated economy.

In fact Glasman espouses a `very conservative socialism' rooted in family, the work ethic and mutualism. He considers family life and faith institutions as `huge moral resources' in resisting capitalism. `You need faith communities, unions, families, local people with long-term relationships with each other, trying to live their lives without being commodified', he says. `But for the Left the minute you mention family and faith, you are automatically considered to be reactionary'.

Yet beneath his conservatism lurk some very radical proposals. The problem with the bail out, he says, is it did not change the banks' corporate governance and the same irresponsible interests are still dominant. Inspired by the co-determination model of the West German economy after the Second World War and the original ideals of Solidarity in Poland, he believes in a new balance of power in the way companies are run. All institutions, public and private, with more than fifty workers, should be governed by boards made up of equal representatives of owners, workers and the locality in which they are located.

Glasman has grouped these ideas under the rubric of Blue Labour, in contrast to the Red Toryism of `progressive Conservative' Philip Blond. He will present them to a seminar at Number 10 in February, that will be attended backbench thinkers Jon Cruddas and James Purnell, as well as energy secretary Ed Miliband. `For the first time leading Labour politicians are listening', Glasman remarks.

Glasman expects a `shabby compromise' with the powers that be. But he is determined not to let the Corporation of London off the hook. `Everything depends on how we narrate the crash .... Do we narrate it as just one of those things, say we depend on financial services for our wealth and get on with it, or do we narrate it as the culmination of a catastrophic period of English history, where we've become politically powerless, where work has been degraded, where the pressure is on every individual to sell themselves to make ends meet, to pursue short-term financial ends rather than the common good? And that now has to change.'

Glasman's is a very shrewd suggestion, and I believe that there are ways in which such a merger could be achieved - within a London-wide framework agreement - and the enormous resources of the City Corporation deployed for the benefit of Londoners generally rather than merely the financial sector.

Dream on, you say? Well, watch this space.

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I had to go check wikipedia to understand what this is about.

Long version:

City of London Corporation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Local authority role

Local government legislation often makes special provision for the City to be treated as a London borough and for the Common Council to act as a local authority. The Corporation does not generally exercise authority over two historic extra-parochial areas, the Middle Temple and the Inner Temple, which are adjoining enclaves for two of the Inns of Court in the west of the City. But many statutory functions of the Corporation extend into these two areas. [edit] Elections

The City of London Corporation was not reformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835, nor by subsequent legislation, and with time has become increasingly anomalous. In 1801 the City had a population of about 130,000, but increasing development of the City as a central business district led to this falling to below 5,000 after the Second World War.[2] It has risen slightly to around 9,000 since, largely due to the development of the Barbican Estate.

Therefore the non-residential vote (or business vote), which had been abolished in the rest of the country in 1969, became an increasingly large part of the electorate. The non-residential vote system used disfavoured incorporated companies. The City of London (Ward Elections) Act 2002 greatly increased the business franchise, allowing many more business to be represented. In 2009 the business vote was about 24,000, greatly exceeding residential voters.[3] [edit] Voters

Eligible voters must be at least 18 years old and a citizen of the United Kingdom, a European Union country, or a Commonwealth country, and either:

Each body or organisation, whether unincorporated or incorporated, whose premises are within the City of London may appoint a number of voters based on the number of workers it employs. Limited liability partnerships fall into this category.

Bodies employing fewer than ten workers may appoint one voter, those employing ten to fifty workers may appoint one voter for every five; those employing more than fifty workers may appoint ten voters and one additional voter for every fifty workers beyond the first fifty.

Though workers count as part of a workforce regardless of nationality, only certain individuals may be appointed as voters. Under section 5 of the City of London (Ward Elections) Act 2002, the following are eligible to be appointed as voters (the qualifying date is September 1 of the year of the election):

  • Those who have worked for the body for the past year at premises in the City
  • Those who have served on the body's Board of Directors for the past year at premises in the City
  • Those who have worked in the City for the body for an aggregate total of five years
  • Those who have worked for in the City for a total of ten years

Qualified voters can vote twice, once at local government elections in the City and once at local government elections in the district where their home address is situated. Residents of the City can only vote once.

Short version: Local authority were corporations has the vote. In fact they appear to have the majority of votes.

It is so undemocratic that it is ridiculous.

A vote for PES is a vote for EPP! A vote for EPP is a vote for PES! Support the coalition, vote EPP-PES in 2009!

by A swedish kind of death on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 08:09:16 AM EST
That's history for you ;-)

You can't be me, I'm taken
by Sven Triloqvist on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 08:49:16 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Heh.

Seeing how many of us seem to have read the same science fiction, I have to wonder who else is reminded of this.

Jesus died for somebody's sins but not mine - Patti Smith

by dvx (dvx.clt ät gmail dotcom) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 04:34:48 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I did not think about that book in this context, though it often comes to mind when we discuss communication. Particularly the description of literature from the resistance, something along the lines of "factual, like one PhD writing to another PhD, and in the end utterly boring".

A vote for PES is a vote for EPP! A vote for EPP is a vote for PES! Support the coalition, vote EPP-PES in 2009!
by A swedish kind of death on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 08:11:19 PM EST
[ Parent ]
The problem with Glasman's analysis is that The City isn't really about London at all.  Its about Globalisation and its location in London is a purely historical artefact.  If you seek to regulate the City without addressing globalisation on a global basis, the City will simply relocate - as may be happening already.  

However tackling Globalisation can only be dome on a cooperative basis between the US?EU/China/Singapore etc. and there is no cooperative framework that can identify and represent humanitarianism interests at a global level.  Hence the opposition of right-wing nationalist and neolib interests to anything that smacks of Global Governance - and the denial of those realities - Climate Change and Financial dysfunctionality amongst them - which make global governance and necessity going forward.

notes from no w here

by Frank Schnittger (mail Frankschnittger at hot dotty communists) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 08:32:46 AM EST
I think you're underestimating the degree of embeddedness globalisation has in local and national institutions, spaces and populations. So is everyone who says all the action will simply move to Singapore or wherever if we have tighter regulation. It is very much about London, it is very much about New York, and it is also definitely about the historical development of the UK and US as hegemonic trading and maritime powers.
by nanne (zwaerdenmaecker@gmail.com) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 09:39:39 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I agree. It's also about the infrastructure of the City - legal firms, accountants, IT talent, media, clubs etc and of course social life.

It has been said of Nokia that the nationwide infrastructure that has emerged in Finland over 25 years is more valuable to the nation than the company itself.

You can't be me, I'm taken

by Sven Triloqvist on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 11:41:33 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Yes, but there is also no reason why this infrastructure cannot be recreated in Singapore, Hong Kong, Geneva, Frankfurt, Dublin or anywhere else.  All of the necessary skills are mobile and transferable.  The internet is THE enabling technology.  10 years ago - maybe I would have agreed.  Not any more.

notes from no w here
by Frank Schnittger (mail Frankschnittger at hot dotty communists) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 12:25:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]
You can create an enclave anywhere today, agreed. But the 10s of thousands of people who are directly part of the 'emotional' substructure won't move. (I might include marketing in this emotional substructure, as well as families, friends, colleagues etc). Once an enclave, like the 'factories' of maritime colonialization,  tries to extend out, it meets an emotional infrastructure - call it a culture, if you will - that changes the decision-making process.

Yes, some people are robots who are mobile and transferable. But there are not enough of them imo to duplicate a City of London in another city - at least not within a decade.

You can't be me, I'm taken

by Sven Triloqvist on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 12:58:37 PM EST
[ Parent ]
British financial firms have a hard enough time finding people willing to be expats in other European countries...

The brainless should not be in banking -- Willem Buiter
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 01:23:16 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Agreed - but it doesn't have to be British people filling those roles in Frankfurt or Geneva, Singapore or Dublin.  The skill-set is not Unique to the UK.  Granted some high-flyers and innovators may have to move elsewhere, but these guys are earning millions and have pads all over the place anyway.

What Japan has done to the car industry, India is doing to the software/support industry, can also be done by China et al to the financial services industry.  Granted it takes time, but it is happening and will continue to do so.  

There is a nexus of skills involved, but these are largely location independent.  Indeed, because the raw materials - cash, confidence, trust, knowledge, contacts etc - don't have to be shipped around like Oil or Steel - this sort of industry is far more mobile and location independent than any previous one.

London's main comparative advantage is an historic one - and that is going the way of the British empire, Sterling and the Gold standard.

notes from no w here

by Frank Schnittger (mail Frankschnittger at hot dotty communists) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 01:50:17 PM EST
[ Parent ]
It is true that the spread of the internet etc will disintermediate the City and potentially enable the necessary financial service provision to be done anywhere in the world.

Frank Schnittger:

London's main comparative advantage is an historic one - and that is going the way of the British empire, Sterling and the Gold standard.

Yes and no.

The City thrived despite the passing of the British Empire, gold and sterling, and are quite capable of thriving beyond the passing of the US Empire, the Dollar and Cheap Oil.

Do not underestimate the breadth and depth of knowledge and experience there, and also - I believe - a flexibility of thinking to be found nowhere else. In order to be and remain unproductive and yet rich, considerable creativity and ingenuity are necessary. I think the the City may yet evolve with financial markets into their next - networked - phase.

I suggest that the reason the City Corporation  realised they needed to engage with the Glasmans of this world is that they may have seen the writing on the wall....

I think it might yet be the case that...

"The City is Dead! Long Live the City!"


Modern conservatives engage in one of man's oldest exercises in moral philosophy: the search for a superior moral justification for selfishness.Galbraith

by ChrisCook (cojockathotmaildotcom) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 02:34:11 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Given that Glasman isn't advancing a globalisation thesis or opposing same, perhaps they don't feel threatened by his ethics based opposition.  A million dollars to the odd fashionable charity or two can buy you a lot of ethics...

notes from no w here
by Frank Schnittger (mail Frankschnittger at hot dotty communists) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 03:03:56 PM EST
[ Parent ]
In London and New York it's very much about the local aristocracies. There's plenty of new money too, which is more mobile, but realistically most hedge fund investors would prefer to deal with someone known and relatively local, not someone unknown with no track record in a distant location.

Financialisation can't happen without a significant existing overclass, and it takes at least a couple of generations for a potential overclass to become significant enough to make financialisation possible, and another couple before the overclass becomes large enough to start being able to use financialisation as a big stick with against local democracy.

Until that happens you're more likely to get Big Man Syndrome, which isn't any less dictatorial, but is much more difficult to do business with if you're not part of the Big Man's family and network.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 12:30:16 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Glasman seems to imply that the Great Financial Crisis was created in the City, entirely without the "aid" of Wall Street.

Jesus died for somebody's sins but not mine - Patti Smith
by dvx (dvx.clt ät gmail dotcom) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 04:31:58 PM EST
City pride!

As the Dutch said while fighting the Spanish: "It is not necessary to have hope in order to persevere."
by ARGeezer (ARGeezer at eurotrib.com) on Sun Mar 14th, 2010 at 11:16:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]


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