I think that there is a 90-day warning period for mass layoffs under some circumstances, but I don't know the details.  I got a lot of warning before my last layoff, but then, I was working for an unusually progressive company.

Working hours can be very demanding in the US.  I have spent a lot of time on a noon-midnight schedule.  Lots of people work the night shift, or weekends.

In rapidly ageing populations, we have to expect that most people will work at least part-time into their early seventies.  The alternative is to impose very high taxes on younger people who are still working.