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One of the two correspondents said that in comparison to the US the elections in Germany are really just about economics and none of the issues that divide the US, like gun control, death penalty, abortion rights, gay rights are of any importance in German elections, because those issues have been mostly settled in Germany. So the election is just about taxes, pensions, economics etc.
Nevertheless the votes are highly spread out between several third parties aside from being equally divided between the two Volksparteien CDU and SPD.
One wonders why in Germany we have much more and clearer ideological diversity in the parties, but so much fewer social, cultural and ideologically relevant issues we really would have to vote on whereas one doesn't have any diverse party system ideologically speaking in the US but tons of diverse and divisive cultural and social issues Americans vote on with a passion. Shouldn't the US have more diverse parties, as they have much more divisive issues they vote on?
I recall Merkel making a comparably stupid remark about Turkish guest workers having to become knowledgeable in German culture. The big problem is to define German culture: if it is the Great Classics, then many Germans would fall short of the mark. Not to mention that it is simply absurd to tell people what to read, what to listen to, and so on. If G. culture is defined as whatever Germans themselves are reading or consuming, one gets a hopelessly cosmopolitan picture. Hopeless from Merkel's point of view, that is. (Not to mention Turkish intellectuals in Germany, who bring their own stuff into the mix.) A dog's a dog. A Cat's a Cat. (T.S. Eliot)
Gastarbeiter "problematization" is something US religious groups invading Germany under the radar are doing quite effectively. I wonder if that is realized by Germans. I did run more than expected into Mormons in the US who did their missions in Germany with an obvious interest in our "immigration problems". I think they do more than their missionary duties would ask them to do, but obviously you can't say that aloud, because it would mean I discriminate against Mormons.
There is at least one Turkish TV-station, and everywhere you go you see Turkish signs and inscriptions, too.
Even relatively conservative Stuttgart, btw, is incredibly mixed ethnically: Russians and other Slavs, Albanians, Chinese and Koreans, you name it. I think there is also a considerable US presence (with banks, corporations). "Real" Germans here are slow in accepting for'ners (including Germans from elsewhere), but things improve with time.
Back to your initial observation: it's intriguing that Mormons should seek to discreetly stir up things. Why would they do that? But I think the presence of immigrants is just a given -- and quite a few Germans can see the benefits of immigration, if only in the form of nice food. A dog's a dog. A Cat's a Cat. (T.S. Eliot)
So, take my observations with cautions and forget my generalizations. They might just not be fair and unfounded.
But at that time, there were quite a number of Americans on the "circus" (tent, making the rounds, eh) as well. Don;t think many of the once I visited were mormons, come to think of it, probably none, but even than, in the late 80ies, Germany was seen as prime missionary target. So there were probably quite a numbe of Mormons out there as well, but even for my Girlfriend they were too patently absurd.
Now to get the step from missionary to being against imigrants, in this particular case, it is more likely to be the against Muslim imigrants, bingo, Germany prime candidate of "Defender of the Christian Faith" medal.
However, as I will explain in my still forthoming magnum opus diary - Religion in Germany, the fundamentalist impetus does not rattle quite a bell as it does in the States, both Catholic and Protestant Mainstreams are to strong for that.
The main difference is the election system: first-past-the-post versus relative majority system.
You have to see that I didn't mean to say there aren't other issues, but I compared to the hateful divisity many social and culture and "value" issues cause in the US.
Secondly, it's true though that Germany isn't nearly as polarized as the US. There are currently way more swing voters in Germany than in the US (especially when you take the 2004 elections as a standard). I would guestimate the percentage of swing voters in the current elections anywhere between 20% and 40%.
Final point, ideological diversity is hampered by the parliamentary system - especially the fact that parties mostly vote as blocs. So the views and votes of the individual representative matter far less than they do in the US. Which makes the system less democratic, in the sense that there's less room for individual views; but at the same time, it also makes German politics less personality-driven. If you can't convince them, confuse them. (Harry S. Truman)
Final point, ideological diversity is hampered by the parliamentary system - especially the fact that parties mostly vote as blocs. So the views and votes of the individual representative matter far less than they do in the US. Which makes the system less democratic, in the sense that there's less room for individual views; but at the same time, it also makes German politics less personality-driven.
You really think that the individual views, that matter so much in the US system, and don't matter so much in the German system, really makes the German system less democratic? As the individual representative's views matter so much in the US system, that individual is also much more likely to be lobbied, pressured, bought, bribed and therefore less accountable and more of a lose canon than a MdB in Germany. The party as a whole, because it votes en bloc, is also therefore tighter hold to accountability to its platform and as most Germans vote for more for the platform first and only second for the individual, I feel our system is more democratic. In the US you never know who all of the sudden kisses up to what kind of legislation for what kind of dubious reasons.
May be I miss something in the German system. I obviously have some unfounded unreasonable rosy nostalgic memories about everything German ... :-)
1. There are 3 minor parties in the USA (a) the Libertarian Party (b) The Green Party (c) The Constitution Party (d) other parties (socialist, communist, etc don't show up on the radar screen)
2. (a) The US has a "winner-take-all" system. In other words, in a local Congressional or Senate election, if you get the majority vote vote, you get the seat. So, if the Libertarians got 8%, The Greens got 7%, the Constitution Party got 6%, they don't get a seat in the House of Representatives. You need to win the majority of the votes to get a seat.
(b) In the US the President, which is elected in a separate election, forms the cabinet. So, Bill Clinton was the Dem President and formed a Dem. administration (ministers in Europe or secretaries in the US), despite the fact, that the Congress was Rep.
So you had a Dem executive branch - administration, Rep. legislature.
3. Like many things in life - winner-take-all is good and bad. (a) Its good, because it creates a stability. You don't have to enter into a coalition with the other parties to form a government. (b)) Its bad, because the third parties do not have real voice in the government.
(c) However, recently, the 3rd parties in close elections have been playing a crucial role.
Presidential Candidate Vote Total Pct Party George W. Bush (W) 2,912,790 48.850 Rep Al Gore 2,912,253 48.841 Dem Ralph Nader 97,421 1.633 Green Patrick J. Buchanan 17,412 0.292 Reform Harry Browne 16,102 0.270 Libertarian
Some argue, and the Greens disagree, that if the Greens voted for Gore, he would have won. Greens further argue, that Al Gore "sold-out" the progressive politics and therefore, lost. (Its another topic)
Similary, recently in the state of Washington, if the Libertarians voted for the Rep. candidate, the Dem governor would have lost.
4. The state of New York has the following parties: a. Dem b. Rep c. Conservative d. Liberal e. Libertarian f. (maybe others)
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