Larger wind turbines operate farther away from the ground to take advantage of higher wind speeds - the "laminar boundary layer"

In this sense, the size of the turbines does matter, and bigger is better. I suppose if you get farther away from the ground the wind speeds get so large that you get into the "turbulent boundary layer"

so there is indeed a limit to how high you can go with wind turbines of this type

but maybe other turbine designs will be better suited to operating in turbulent conditions?

This is a semi-educated guess - I know hydrodynamics but little about turbine engineering

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