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(everybody knows that in modern world any ruler has to control information flows and in Europe and America ruling elites tightly control mass media)

No, in most cases (e.g. except for Berlusconi) it's not tight control, the beauty of it (for the elites) is that the mainstream media can be made to write what suits the elite by making media representatives part of the elite and make them dependent on government sources. What's more, different elites still influence different segments of the mass media this way, which can argue against each other. What's more, there are still voices even in the mass media not too beholden even to the elites on their side. So even if it's not a pretty picture, Putin supporters shouldn't deceive themselves with such an equivocation - most Western governments do not have a near-complete control of information flows.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Mon May 8th, 2006 at 05:51:14 AM EST
[ Parent ]
 DoDo's points are important ones in understanding the less-than-monopolistic control over mass media in, for lack of a better term, "the West".

 I especially agree with his insight that the mass media powers really are now a part of the élite political structure rather than determined outsiders who remain critical of the government in power, regardless of its party.  And, moreover, this place, this rôle of theirs in the political power structure, while not new, is now something that is more taken for granted even among the professional journalist class.  Many in private--and even some in public would admit: of course we're part of the power structure."  The term "the Fourth Estate" was coined to designate the press in general as a main player in the tripartite power structure: executive, legislative, and judicial.

 In another sense, though, I believe your assertion is basically correct: (everybody knows that in modern world any ruler has to control information flows and in Europe and America ruling elites tightly control mass media).

  This requires some explanation as it goes very much against the beloved assumptions of the vast majority of people in western democracies.  

  We can quibble about what exactly "tight control" means but, at a fundamental level, the point which we are not comfortable addressing is this: what would any of our western democratic governments do about the supposedly sacrosanct freedom of speech and of the press if the day should ever come when genuine and strong democratic impulses arose and challenged directly and seriously the basic operational control which a relatively small minority of exceptionally wealthy people are able to consistently exercise while leaving in place sufficient outward trappings of democratic governance to obtain the vast majority's passive and tacit acceptance of the political system's manner of working?

  My view is that, except in a very few isolated incidents, this situation has never actually come about, and so the only honest answer is that we really don't know.  We do know that when, over our history, there have been various isolated instances in which popular sentiment has coalesced into movements which appeared to pose a real potential for challenging the existing power structure, the reaction of official government has typically been as swift and as decisive and forceful as those in office deemed necessary-- [note: I have not verified these examples, they're off the top of my head] cf: Haymarket riots; Ludlow (? n) mine massacre http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludlow_massacre ; Bonus Army movement, under, I believe, Hoover http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonus_army; ]

  Thus, in its most basic sense, I have to agree generally with your view expressed as

 " everybody knows that in modern world any ruler has to control information flows and in Europe and America ruling elites tightly control mass media"

with the only debatable matter being where that very variable factor, "tight control" happens to lie at any given moment.

  These days, there is little need for tight controls to be exercised since so much of the major and so-called "quality press" (of whatever medium) are so pathetically obsequious toward their counterparts in the political power structure.  

It's important to keep in mind, however, that this swinging pendulum of the press's contrariness or obedience can return toward the contrarian pole; the absurdly compliant press of today could conceivably recover some of its self-respect and start making life much more difficult for elected and appointed officials--as looks a bit more likely now to happen in the short term.

"In such an environment it is not surprising that the ills of technology should seem curable only through the application of more technology..." John W Aldridge

by proximity1 on Mon May 8th, 2006 at 09:04:55 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I believe you focused too much on Anglo-Saxon examples above. A spectacular case was the SPIEGEL affair in (West) Germany, when the powers-that-be lost the marathon struggle against leakers and journalists; while in Italy, the leftist press could cover the fall of the First Republic and its elite in the Clean Hands operation (well, at least halfway fall, but surely a serious challenge).

BTW, I haven't said so in the original comment but say it now, the distinctio between tight and indirect media cotrol is important for me because the latter is much more insidious, with too many people not suspecting propaganda, whereas with thight control, many people will assume it.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Mon May 8th, 2006 at 09:41:11 AM EST
[ Parent ]

 "...you focused too much on Anglo-Saxon examples above."

  By necessity, hélas.  ;^)

  That's why I'm attentive to your corrective counsel!

"In such an environment it is not surprising that the ills of technology should seem curable only through the application of more technology..." John W Aldridge

by proximity1 on Mon May 8th, 2006 at 09:52:57 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Tight or indirect control, the result is one and you know it. Let's search all articles on Gazprom or Putin in google or alltheweb you find that 99% - repetition of few ideologically spoiled articles of few authors (mostly AP, AFP or Reuters authors). However repetition of lie does not make it truth and then too often we see mistakes made by rulers on false data.
Russian media is also inderectly controlled by Kremlin, jounalists simply know what they are expected to do. 100% control was not achieved though and for example racial attacks in Russia became prime news on all proPutin channels.  
by FarEasterner on Mon May 8th, 2006 at 11:31:32 AM EST
[ Parent ]

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