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Of course, the broader the transmission range, the greater the reliability of wind power, as wind farms at widely separated locations have higher system availability than each individual wind farm. I've been accused of being a Marxist, yet while Harpo's my favourite, it's Groucho I'm always quoting. Odd, that.
http://www.eurotrib.com/comments/2008/2/22/132124/905/36
In the case of Texas, it seems at first blush it actually works pretty poorly. Somewhat flat, at least from the meteorology point of view, hence a very large weather pattern, the same pretty much everywhere. Plus an adverse correlation between seasonal and intra-day wind frequencies and consumption (lower winds overall in summer and lower winds in the evening at peak load).
It can make sense overall but it really requires tight coordination between the different sources.
And pumped storage, sure - it helps any type of generation - but where?
Anyone dabbling in electricity needs to remember that "acceptable" for grid availability means 99.99%, less than an hour of load-shedding a year. The fact that the grid itself is falling apart in the US by lack of maintenance and investment doesn't help. But even with lowered US expectations, any solution that reaches only 96% or even 99% has a problem. 99% means nearly 4 days without juice a year. That's 3rd world.
I've only driven through that territory once, but from the national topographic map its looks like there are ample useful elevations pretty much anywhere from the Llano Estacado west ... and of course, more in New Mexico. I've been accused of being a Marxist, yet while Harpo's my favourite, it's Groucho I'm always quoting. Odd, that.
Pumped hydro works when the geography is right.
The investment is more or less a function of the reservoir sizes (cost of the dams) and of the distance between the two reservoirs (cost of the penstocks). But the energy you store and recover for a given volume of water/investment is proportional to the altitude difference between the two reservoirs. And it has to be really steep to make sense.
A good example of pumped hydro is the Grand'Maison (data view) / Verney (data view) pair in the French Alps. The altitude differential is more than 3,000 ft between the two reservoirs spill-way levels (928 m : 1698 m for Grand'Maison, 770 m for Verney) but they are less than 8 miles apart (Verney is SW of Grand'Maison). You don't find everywhere.
Great Battery of Kimberley
doodle of a Diary I did a while ago....
Wherever there's a big hole, there's potential... "The future is already here -- it's just not very evenly distributed" William Gibson
Traditional pumped hydro has to be either added to an existing hydropower facility or faces far higher regulatory hurdles than modular pumped storage hydro would, since traditional pumped hydro has to be connected into the watershed.
You raise an important point. The power industry has demands for power generation that focus on what is most convenient to the power industry, and sets aside costs external to the market, such as reckless experimentation with the world's climate or exposure to risks of political sabotage. It is the responsibility of government to impose the framework upon the power industry that ensures that it can pursue its own commercial interest without acting counter to the public interest .. that reflects those external costs to the power industry so that it pursue the lower full cost technology rather than the strongest free ride technology. I've been accused of being a Marxist, yet while Harpo's my favourite, it's Groucho I'm always quoting. Odd, that.
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