In the UK the medical model prevails - it focuses on the individual as the problem that needs fixing and to be made as normal as possible.

The social model which disability campaigners promote focuses on society as being the source of the barriers that cause disability, rather than focusing on the individual as the problem.  

But our disability legislation and the authority of doctors is based on the medical model which has a significant impact on the way disabled people are treated, hence the stigma of disability.