Welcome to European Tribune. It's gone a bit quiet around here these days, but it's still going.
Display:
Lehman was using repo 105s to temporarily convert securities into cash at the time of quarterly book closings, to make its accounts look better (less leveraged, mainly).

At some point it ran out of securities that its (commercial) counterparties would accept as collateral for these very short term cash loans. And that's where apparently the Fed took over, by taking in junk in exchange for fresh cash.

Amazing.

Wind power

by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 05:30:17 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Amazing
Geithner told Congress that he has never been a regulator. (see here) That is a quite honest assessment of his job performance, although it is completely inaccurate as a description of his duties as President of the NYFed. Apparently, Geithner has never met an accounting gimmick that he does not like, if it appears to improve the reported finances of a Wall Street firm.
I think Congress should drop on Geithner like a ton of bricks.

The brainless should not be in banking -- Willem Buiter
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 06:05:59 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The level of awesome™ here is frying my Geiger counter
Lehman's had been using this trick since 2001
In other words, when the .com bubble burst it should have taken Lehman Brothers with it. It didn't. Instead, Lehman was allowed to cook the books until well after the next bubble burst.

The brainless should not be in banking -- Willem Buiter
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 06:10:07 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Who thinks Lehman is the only 'investment' bank capable of systematic dishonesty?

Lying is what very serious people do for a living. The head nodding, think tank funding and suit wearing are just protective colouration.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 09:36:00 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Is this in the same league?

BBC: ECB lends $500bn€350bn to lower rates (18 December 2007)

All banks with enough collateral, and which submitted bids of at least 4.21%, received funds from the ECB.

The ECB said 390 banks across the eurozone had sought the funding.

The move - making the extra cash available over the next two weeks -will ease fears of a credit meltdown over the Christmas period, when banks need extra cash.

I'm not sure any more what's legitimate and what's accounting fraud (borderline or outright).

I mean, how is ease fears of a credit meltdown over the Christmas period, when banks need extra cash [to close their year-end books] different from Jérôme's temporarily convert securities into cash at the time of quarterly book closings, to make its accounts look better?

Lehman was using repo 105s to temporarily convert securities into cash at the time of quarterly book closings, to make its accounts look better (less leveraged, mainly).

At some point it ran out of securities that its (commercial) counterparties would accept as collateral for these very short term cash loans. And that's where apparently the Fed took over, by taking in junk in exchange for fresh cash.

What's so
Amazing
here?

The brainless should not be in banking -- Willem Buiter
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 10:13:05 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The ECB action looks like a panic one-off loan - effectively a short-term overdraft for the banks to cover cash flow requirements.

The Lehman innovation was systematic misreporting of its solvency, repeated quarterly to give a misleading impression to markets - aided by the Fed, which presumably was doing similar deals elsewhere on Wall St.

It's the difference between a one-off loan with full disclosure, and a quick bung between friends, which is never reported or disclosed.

In the UK it's illegal for a company to trade while insolvent. Lehman was insolvent in real terms, and was hiding that fact behind a facade of misreporting, creative accounting and generous undisclosed cash handouts from Timmy.

by ThatBritGuy (thatbritguy (at) googlemail.com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 10:36:59 AM EST
[ Parent ]
In the UK it's illegal for a company to trade while insolvent.

So it is in Spain. However, a Decree was enacted on December 12 2008 providing that losses on real state investments or inventory are not computed for the purposes of technical insolvency. Just in time to close the books for the year, I might point out.

The brainless should not be in banking -- Willem Buiter

by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 10:58:34 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The ECB has explicit standards for collateral. The Fed seems to have taken complete (unrated) junk from Lehman.

Wind power
by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 02:06:17 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I guess the Fed had swallowed the ideological position that a central bank need only carry out only open market operations and set the base interest rate hook, line and sinker; to the point that they had forgotten how to operate the discount window.

The brainless should not be in banking -- Willem Buiter
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 04:12:44 PM EST
[ Parent ]
At some point (Lehman) ran out of securities that its (commercial) counterparties would accept as collateral...

That point might have been five years ago! IIRCC, Repo 105 only accounted for around $50 billion of the >$300 billion hole that suddenly appeared on Lehman's books. It may be that "cash for trash" "Special Investment Vehicles, (SIVs), courtesy of the Fed, accounted for the rest.

Gotta love the multiple meanings of "accounted." And who says the financialization industry doesn't have a brutal sense of humor. A long term repo written around trash and held by a subsidiary or the friendly Fed is a SIV!

"It is not necessary to have hope in order to persevere."

by ARGeezer (ARGeezer a in a circle eurotrib daught com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 01:19:28 PM EST
[ Parent ]
At some point it ran out of securities that its (commercial) counterparties would accept as collateral for these very short term cash loans. And that's where apparently the Fed took over, by taking in junk in exchange for fresh cash.
It appears that's not correct, and may be an exaggeration by the New York Times when they say
They were considered the dregs of Lehman Brothers -- "bottom of the barrel," as one banker put it. But as Lehman executives tried to keep the floundering bank afloat in 2008, they used these troubled investments to raise quick cash that helped mask the extent of the firm's troubles. And they did it with the help of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
If Lehman brothers an out of willing counterparties it was not because of the quality of the assets, but because its own creditworthiness was deteriorating, and because of the high value of liquidity. Specifically, according to FT Alphaville's What's in Repo 105
But what exactly was Lehman Bros stuffing into the Repo 105 sausage?

Perhaps counter-intuitively it was not using the stuff on its balance sheet that was hardest to sell into markets.

Rather, it was the most liquid -- things like A- to AAA-rated securities, Treasuries and Agency debt, which you can see in the below table, from the Examiner's Report (Appendix 17)

What this means is that Lehman was using Repo 105 exclusively to reduce its leverage (by shrinking its balance sheet) rather than to get liquidity. It needed to put good quality collateral into the Repo 105 in order to find willing counterparties. Of course, as the crisis worsened it had to turn to the Fed, but the collateral seems to have been good (or, at least, blessed with a good rating by the agencies) except for a 5-10 percent of the total value of the Repo 105. Tyler Durden of Zero Hedge writes in The "Repo 105" Scam: How Lehman Fooled Everyone (Including Allegedly Dick Fuld) And How Other Banks Are Likely Doing This Right Now
In August 2008, just before it was over, the firm allowed $55 million, or seven securities, rated CCC to be included in a Repo 105 transaction.
$55 million is just 0.1% of the $50bn that Lehman shifted off of its balance sheet in the second quarter of 2008 alone (link to HuffPo). Tyler Durden proceeds:
The next chart makes it evident it that 105s were used simply to game the firm's assets into quarter end (yellow highlights), by reducing overall asset for leverage ratio calculations.

That this scam was going unsupervised (just who the hell were the counterparties?) for many years, and that many banks are likely using it right now to fool investors, regulators, rating agencies, and the idiots at the FRBNY (who certainly also know about this), is beyond criminal. Yet that nobody will go to jail for this is as certain as the market going up another 10% tomorrow. A full investigation has to be conducted immediately into whether existing Wall Street firms, and in particular those who use Ernst & Young as auditors, are currently abusing public confidence via such transactions.

The "scam" is not that they were getting cash for junk, but that they were reporting repos as sales, not as financial transactions.

The brainless should not be in banking -- Willem Buiter
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Mar 16th, 2010 at 04:45:27 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Display:

Occasional Series