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The rational reason for a nuclear advocate to oppose wind is economic - nuclear and wind servicing the same grid do not play well with one another at all - they both draw on long-time-horizon capital,
That just means they're both baseload. So what?
and in a zero carbon grid,
Which we do not have, and will not have within the amortisation time of any wind farm that will enter the pipeline for the foreseeable future.
the intermittent supply of wind electricity unrelated to demand is going to lead to supply spikes that have to be wasted
Not if you have proper demand-side management and hydro buffers.
and under a feed-in-tarrif-for-wind regime, which is the current rules, said wastage will be borne entirely by the nuclear operator
You can't do electricity provision without intermediate and peak load. Nuclear grid, wind grid, coal grid, doesn't really matter - if you don't have short-notice dispatchable power, Shit Happens with distressing frequency.
and turning off a nuke plant on a windy night does not save a nuclear operator a single euro-cent, so it is all cost.
So you make fixed-price take-or-pay contracts for nukes, just like you do for wind, other baseload generation modes and any other capital-intensive industry.
but currently, if you build enough nukes to get a carbon-free grid
Then every single country on the planet will have their own domestic sources of weapons-grade plutonium. What fun!
adding windmills to said grid just adds cost with no real upside.
Except of course for conserving nuclear fuel, reducing the effects of maintenance downtime and permitting electricity generation beyond the point where diminishing returns in the nuclear sector become prohibitive.
Wind has one set of trade-offs. Solar has another set of trade-offs. Geothermal has a third set of trade-offs. Nuclear has a fourth set of trade-offs. And so on and so on and etcetera. By combining these cost profiles, you can obtain a larger space for optimisation than by letting any one of them monopolise your policy options. This really shouldn't be a major and novel insight - it's trade theory for first-year students.
It is now 2010, and the side that argued that we should replace king coal with the atom, and sooner, rather than later, are feeling really rather massively pissed off that people are still advancing that same vison as an alternative to the technology that we know, without a doubt, can get the job done.
Except we don't know that until we try. Right now, we're running our nuclear reactors off decommissioned warheads, which are a finite resource. When they run out - which they will do even faster when we expand nuclear penetration - you are going to have to dig into ever more marginal uranium ores. The alternatives put forward - fast breeders and high-temperature fusion - are, at the moment, even more speculative as a full replacement of all baseload by solar power was in 1960.
The gut reaction, the vision I get when I hear people advocating an all renewable future ? I do not think "That would be nice" I think "If these guys keep winning, 2060 will roll around, and the grid will still be 50% coal".
And that is why you keep coming up short against the fact that for the full amortisation duration of all nuclear and wind projects currently in the pipeline, the baseload displaced will be coal. Wind and nuclear are not competitors for another decade or two.
- Jake Friends come and go. Enemies accumulate.
And the warhead source is dwindling.
I was eagerly awaiting the release of the Uranium 2009 report (the newest of a bi-annual report on uranium supply prepared jointly by OECD NEA and IAEA). Unfortunately, even the pdf would cost me lots of Euros, there is only a propagandistic press release in the public domain. Still, even in that, one finds disclaimers -- I changed the emphasis to highlight those:
The uranium resources presented in this edition, reflecting the situation as of 1 January 2009, show that total identified resources amounted to 6 306 300 tU, an increase of about 15% compared to 2007, including those reported in the high-cost category (<USD 260/kgU or <USD 100/lbU3O8), reintroduced for the first time since the 1980s. This high-cost category was used in the 2009 edition in response to the generally increased market prices for uranium in recent years, despite the decline since mid-2007, expectations of increasing demand as new nuclear power plants are being planned and built, and increased mining costs. Although total identified resources have increased overall, there has been a significant reduction in lower-cost resources owing to increased mining costs. At 2008 rates of consumption, total identified resources are sufficient for over 100 years of supply. ...current projections of uranium mine production capacities could satisfy projected high-case world uranium requirements until the late 2020s. However, given the challenges and length of time associated with increasing production at existing mines and opening new mines, it is unlikely that all production increases will proceed as planned. As a result, secondary sources of previously mined uranium will continue to be required, complemented to the extent possible by uranium savings achieved by specifying lower tails assays at enrichment facilities and technical developments in fuel cycle technology.
...current projections of uranium mine production capacities could satisfy projected high-case world uranium requirements until the late 2020s. However, given the challenges and length of time associated with increasing production at existing mines and opening new mines, it is unlikely that all production increases will proceed as planned. As a result, secondary sources of previously mined uranium will continue to be required, complemented to the extent possible by uranium savings achieved by specifying lower tails assays at enrichment facilities and technical developments in fuel cycle technology.
IIRC the 2007 report already claimed an increase in resources based on the inclusion of more lower-grade or less secure resources, shrouding a decrease of better resources.
I find a little more specifics in this NEA pdf, some choice quotes, again with my emphases:
Uranium production in 2008 (the most recent year with full production figures) totalled 43 880 tU, a 6% increase from the 41 244 tU produced in 2007 and an 11% increase from the 39 617 tU produced in 2006. ... Global production increases between 2006 ... and 2008 were driven principally by significant increases in Kazakhstan (76%). More modest increases were recorded in Australia, Brazil, Namibia and the Russian Federation. Reduced production was recorded in a number of countries between 2006 and 2008 (including Canada, Niger and the United States) owing to a combination of lower ore grades and technical difficulties.... At the end of 2008, world uranium production provided two-thirds of world reactor requirements, with the remainder being met by supplies of uranium already mined (so-called secondary sources), including excess government and commercial inventories, the delivery or low enriched uranium (LEU) arising from the down-blending of highly enriched uranium (HEU) derived from the dismantling of nuclear warheads, re-enrichment of depleted uranium tails and spent fuel reprocessing. ... Although information on secondary sources is incomplete, they are generally expected to decline in importance through the next decade. ...a sustained strong market for uranium will be needed to stimulate the timely development of production capability and to increase the identified resource base should growth in nuclear generating capacity follow currently projected trends. However, because of the long lead times required to identify new resources and to bring them into production (typically in the order of ten years or more), the relatively sparse global network of uranium mine facilities and geopolitical uncertainties in some important producing countries, uranium supply shortfalls could potentially develop.
At the end of 2008, world uranium production provided two-thirds of world reactor requirements, with the remainder being met by supplies of uranium already mined (so-called secondary sources), including excess government and commercial inventories, the delivery or low enriched uranium (LEU) arising from the down-blending of highly enriched uranium (HEU) derived from the dismantling of nuclear warheads, re-enrichment of depleted uranium tails and spent fuel reprocessing.
...
Although information on secondary sources is incomplete, they are generally expected to decline in importance through the next decade. ...a sustained strong market for uranium will be needed to stimulate the timely development of production capability and to increase the identified resource base should growth in nuclear generating capacity follow currently projected trends. However, because of the long lead times required to identify new resources and to bring them into production (typically in the order of ten years or more), the relatively sparse global network of uranium mine facilities and geopolitical uncertainties in some important producing countries, uranium supply shortfalls could potentially develop.
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