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I think the burning memory of Yugoslavia is sufficiently potent that the EU (or a coalition of the military powers therein) would intervene militarily in anything which started degenerating into serious armed conflict.
The point is not to push policies that lead to countries degenerating into armed conflict, and then claim that the pushers can fix the mess by occupying the country.
This sounds too close to a Neocon regime change strategy - economic strangulation, followed by humanitarian intervention. Is that the way the EU will carry out its internal politics in the first third of the 21st century? I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
Undoubtedly, western Europe could, and should, have used political and economic influence to lessen the risks of war in Yugoslavia. Nevertheless, when war broke out, it was morally wrong to fail to intervene. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
But I have yet to see a historical example of such a great power.
- Jake Friends come and go. Enemies accumulate.
As Junker said, the Euro will bury us all (well, not exactly). I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
How would the EU react at the moment of decision?
In the event of another 23-F event how would Brussels respond?
Particularly in light of the common commitment to the Petersburg tasks of the Western European Union which were subsumed into the EU's CSDP via the Lisbon Treaty. It is entirely unclear what constitutes humanitarian intervention, nonetheless the framework for common action exists. But will Brussels act when, or if, the time comes?
Or will the stand down, staring on from the sidelines?
And if instead of the sledgehammer approach of Tejero, a more astute class of military man proposes something on the lines of the 1982 coup attempt? Predicate the crackdown on a false flag operation to implicate the "enemy." If an Atocha scale event happens in Madrid and the blame is placed on the ERC (Left Wing Catalan nationalists, remember that elements of Terra Lliure integrated into the party in the 1990s) will Brussels act if the military impose martial law in Catalonia, or throughout the country?
Moreover, if they were smart they would eliminate the PP leadership in an operation of this sort to make independent military action more plausible. And would the Generalitat stand aside, the Mossos do nothing as the national army moves into the region to occupy?
As much as this is, now, a dark, if distant, possibility, it seems that the sheer possibility that this might come to pass in Spain, or elsewhere, should be grounds for the EU to specify what happens if a member state government falls to military action, or otherwise ceases to be a democracy. You would think this to be a no brainer, but all you have to do is look to the silence on Hungary with Fidesz to be worried that no action is an acceptable action for Brussels. And I'll give my consent to any government that does not deny a man a living wage-Billy Bragg
Not politically realistic at the time, of course. But fewer deaths, and an obligation to find a political solution. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
Not that it was really feasible to just put down a couple of armored divisions between the belligerents, unless you wanted to wait until after they were done with the first round of ethnic cleansing.
The American and Israeli experience in Lebanon is that if you intervene in that sort of messy civil war, you end up with no perceptible strategic gain, no perceptible humanitarian improvement, and all the locals hating your guts.
The point of a joint French-German intervention, to spell it out, would have been that jointly they would neutralise any accusation of bias in favour of one side or the other, insofar as they were seen, in the fevered imaginations of the belligerents, as natural allies of one or the other.
No guarantee of success, obviously. But a moral obligation to try. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
I submit Germany and France give a flying fuck about saving lives in the "problem countries". I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
On the other hand an escalating intervention in support of an unpopular right wing government doesn't look unlikely.
It seems obvious to me (perhaps because I live in fantasyland?) that European governments would not deny military assistance to a democratically-elected European government that was under attack. It also seems obvious to me that any military coup against a democratically-elected European government would result in blocade and heavy economic and diplomatic pressure etc. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
Also, if someone had asked you what the reaction of European democracies would be to a fascist coup in Spain, maybe you would have given the Eurogreen reply that it wouldn't have been allowed to stand. Instead, even in France,
When Stalin told French Communists to collaborate with others on the Left in 1934, the Popular Front was possible with an emphasis on unity against fascism. In 1936, the Socialists and the Radicals formed a coalition, with Communist support, called the Popular Front. Its victory in the elections of the spring of 1936 brought to power a left-wing government headed by Blum. ... Politically the Popular Front fell apart over Blum's refusal to intervene vigorously in the Spanish Civil War as demanded by the Communists.
...
Politically the Popular Front fell apart over Blum's refusal to intervene vigorously in the Spanish Civil War as demanded by the Communists.
Can one expect better from Hollande than from Blum? I don't think so. I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
My starting point is that war must be forbidden within the EU : both war between nation states within the EU, and civil war within an EU country. There is a question of threshold, but we know war when we see it.
My hypothesis is that the operational aim is to separate the belligerents and/or put an end to atrocities against civilians, by the rapid application of overwhelming force.
Because it can present itself in all sorts of ambiguous ways, and because the question of sovereignty and legitimacy may be open to interpretation, the application of any such doctrine must be done in an ultimately arbitrary but rapid and decisive manner, leaving legal technicalities and political considerations for later.
This means that it can only be done by an existing nation state, not by any EU mechanism.
As far as I can see, only two nation states have the military capacity to intervene anywhere in Europe with overwhelming force. If it were a matter of two EU states fighting each other, I can imagine that the two would intervene in a concerted manner. If it were a civil war, I can't imagine the UK putting boots on the ground. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
Whether their political authorities have any clues about what they might do in such contingencies is debatable. In my view, they have a moral responsibility to formulate doctrine ahead of time, so they don't get overtaken by events. Because inaction is always tempting. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
Insofar as these two nations are, de facto, the arbiters of last resort within Europe, they have a responsibility to have (secret or not) rules of engagement which will govern any military intervention in Europe.
This is no more unthinkable, in itself, than contemplating the use of nuclear weapons.
If the politicians have never thought about this, then it's time they did. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
Anyway, are you searching for secret EU military doctrine about military intervention within the EU? Where, in the public domain?
Or by searching do you mean speculating? I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
I am postulating that political doctrine should exist. I am not confident
I am searching metaphysically. I want to clarify my own ideas about what is required.
My mental framework on these matters is largely determined by the Yugoslav wars. At the time, I considered myself European, a citizen of Europe (I did not yet consider myself French). The existence of war on the European continent was unconscionable for me, and a source of lasting shame as a European. My starting point is "never again"; the point of this conversation from my point of view is to examine how to achieve that. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
Well...
In 1992, the Western European Union adopted the Petersberg tasks, designed to cope with the possible destabilising of Eastern Europe.
The existence of war on the European continent was unconscionable for me, and a source of lasting shame as a European. My starting point is "never again"; the point of this conversation from my point of view is to examine how to achieve that.
So what you're searching for is self-contradictory. You don't achieve never again by contingency military planning, but by conducting sane policies at the EU and member state levels. Which is rather the problem right now: the EU economic policy establishment has gone insane. I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
In the event that a war should happen, it will undoubtedly be the fault of all those people and entities who should have acted to prevent it. That does not entitle us to just throw up our hands in horror and declare "game over". The idea that we should refuse to even contemplate the possibility is reminiscent of the attitude of much of the European left in the 1930s (all those who applauded the Munich agreements).
If there is an outbreak of war, that's a clear sign of failure. But things can always get worse. The aim is to smother armed conflict before the deaths number in the thousands. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
You will need at least one more digit to count the fatalities of even an unsuccessful attempt to start a civil war.
And I am quite sure that much more people died because of austerity in the 2007-2013 cycle, then in the cases above.
In the coups/revolutions there were barely no direct deaths, probably little indirect deaths. The indirect death tool of austerity is surely greater already.
Sure, not civil war above. But serious events.
The name "war" might be ugly, but at the end of day what should count is human suffering. This "peace" has had many casualties already.
What about Yugoslavia, 1991? Note, 1991. i.e. when militias are terrorizing villages, the Yugoslav army is coming apart/turning into a Serbian army, and the Croatian army hardly even exists. As I have suggested, a joint Franco-German intervention would not have been easy, and there probably would have been months of mayhem before they got things locked down, but... tens of thousands of lives saved. It doesn't solve the problems that precipitated the war, but those problems were never serious enough to justify war. Instead of a decade of wars, a decade of establishing a political process for partition of territory.
Perhaps my scenarios are not realistic, but they are a lot more objective than conjectures about future civil wars. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
In the event that a war should happen, it will undoubtedly be the fault of all those people and entities who should have acted to prevent it. That does not entitle us to just throw up our hands in horror and declare "game over".
The idea that we should refuse to even contemplate the possibility is reminiscent of the attitude of much of the European left in the 1930s (all those who applauded the Munich agreements).
They had the excuse of the Great War. What's ours? It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
What was the better survival strategy in 1934? To emigrate to South America or to stay in Europe? I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
I am speculating that such military doctrine exists (Colman thinks this unlikely).
The UK and France have secret military doctrine for war on each other?
No. I can't see how you can parse that out of what I have written, but no. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
these two nations ... have a responsibility to have ... rules of engagement which will govern any military intervention in Europe
A military conflict between France and the UK being certainly among the least plausible cases; notably because of the relative symmetry of their forces (not to mention their nuclear arms [because I forbid you to mention them]). It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
Now, I'm still puzzled because you seem to think that this blind spot is a good thing; i.e. that you don't seem willing to envisage any circumstances in which it would be better for an EU nation to intervene militarily rather than see a war worsen. Perhaps the subtlety of your irony escapes me. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
Tell me why that is a bad plan while intervention by the central EU powers in a civil war they mostly caused is a good plan.
Well, that depends on who the police are, obviously. The majority opinion here appears to be convinced that, if there is war within the EU, it will be because the elite in the central EU powers want it, and could gain some sort of advantage from provoking, then intervening in it. That proposition merits a bit of explaining, to put it mildly. Who's up for it? It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
Which they are, so there will be.
when you see someone being raped, don't call the police
If you see the government starving people to death, do you call the cops?
When the starving people start raping each other, it's scant consolation that the right hand of the government will mete out punishment in the communities destroyed by the left hand. I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
Well, that depends on who the police are, obviously.
The right analogy is if you see someone being raped, call in drone strikes. Which seems to be sbout the direction that law enforcement is going, with rumours that US police departments are looking into using drones. I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
No. What I see is the European welfare states being burned down in a conflagration of misanthropy and stupidity. That leads me to the assumption that any war run by them will be equally stupid and misanthropic if not more so. In fact stopping them from destroying Europe's economy seems the easier task compared to keeping an humanitarian intervention humanitarian. And up till now we are failing quite hard at it.
As a recovering liberal interventionist (and there are a number of us on the blog), I simply don't see the obvious benefits of intervention. My point is, by the time intervention becomes your best policy option, the European project is a failure. So you're no longer debating from the point of view of the European interest. I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
If we have war, then the European project is a failure. But the continent and its people continue to exist, regardless of institutional structure, so the question of the European interest is still pertinent. The EU, or its constituents, had no institutional obligation to intervene in Yugoslavia in 1991. Is that a valid excuse for not doing so? Do you think any such intervention would have made things worse? It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
There's one thing worse that either military intervention or no intervention: incompetent military intervention. I am confident the EU won't disappoint. I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
If we have war, then the European project is a failure. But the continent and its people continue to exist, regardless of institutional structure, so the question of the European interest is still pertinent.
In the event of a war in Europe, the entities which are able to put boots on the ground will be, at best, acting in their own national interest (and more probably in the narrow special interests of a certain slice of their oligarchy). In terms of pertinence, the European interest is located somewhere slightly below the interests of the people being intervened in. The latter can, at least, shoot back.
The EU, or its constituents, had no institutional obligation to intervene in Yugoslavia in 1991. Is that a valid excuse for not doing so? Do you think any such intervention would have made things worse?
In practice, given that the same countries who were going to be intervening had been the loudest cheerleaders for starting the civil war they were intervening into in the first place, yes.
Perhaps the subtlety of your irony escapes me
Defence Scheme No. 1 was created on April 12, 1921 and details a surprise invasion of the northern United States as soon as possible after evidence was received of an American invasion of Canada
And of course its US equivalent War Plan Red:
The war plan outlined those actions that would be necessary to initiate war between Great Britain and the United States. The plan suggested that the British would initially have the upper hand by virtue of the strength of its navy. The plan further assumed that Britain would probably use its dominion in Canada as a springboard from which to initiate a retaliatory invasion of the United States. The assumption was taken that at first Britain would fight a defensive battle against invading American forces, but that the US would eventually defeat the British by blockading the United Kingdom and economically isolating it.[3]
That's completely different to the political doctrine which currently has the largely fictional Al Qaeda as Enemy of Democracy Number 1, with a present and active threat in Afghanistan.
Political doctrine is never debated. It's stated and propagandised, and it's purely for internal consumption. The real ends - which remain mysterious in Afghanistan, although personally I suspect opium and other drugs - are never stated publicly.
Which means that civil war won't happen in Europe unless it's useful and profitable to someone.
Just as the Nazis happened in Germany precisely because they appeared useful and profitable.
I'm finding it hard to imagine Catalonian independence - or its absence - being useful or profitable to anyone.
Likewise in Greece, which is an economic sideshow.
I can imagine the current crop of mad rulers breaking Greece just to prove they can, and for fun, with the possibility of useful profit, somewhat tangentially.
But actual civil war would surely spook the markets almost as much as a default would.
Since I would not trust the current crop of rulers to run a piss-up in a brewery, I would not make any expensive bets on that proposition.
Except maybe Catalonians.
As far as I can see, only two nation states have the military capacity to intervene anywhere in Europe with overwhelming force.
Who knew? I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
The best case is after an urgent "coalition of the willing" intervention (yes, I have deliberately chosen a stinky term), Eurocorps is used to validate it retrospectively, replacing the combat troops when the shooting has stopped. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
democracy in Europe was a bad joke in 1931.
So I think both sides in a conflict will claim to be the democratically-elected European government under attack. Which means that the major powers can choose which one to support. And if that support follows the same politics as todays support, it will be pro-austerity governments that will be supported. Sweden's finest (and perhaps only) collaborative, leftist e-newspaper Synapze.se
Georgia might be a more apropos example.
If only because if we make it clear we won't, some other power will be delighted to do it for us. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
France gets to pick the winner. Germany and the UK get veto rights over who France picks.
"France, subject to German and British veto" is not the same as "EU."
Given how obviously dysfunctional the German-led EU has become, France acting unilaterally or with tacit support from Britain and Germany may well make better decisions than the EU. But don't kid yourself that unilateral French decisions will be made to cater to the European interest.
Isn't a armed conflict about separatism much more probable?
Even the conflict in Ukraine has a considerable regional slant.
In Spain, probably. But there is likely to be an ideological difference between the separatists and the central government as well, which is what will likely decide which side the great powers support.
In Greece, I don't see the separatist fault line. But I very much do see the Pro-Nazi/Austerity vs. Anti-Nazi/Austerity fault line.
Other than that, I at least am not assuming a conflict "along ideological lines" (except possibly in Greece with Golden Dawn vs. Syriza).
Though if Spain gets violent over nationalism, it will quickly devolve into an "ideological" war too, what with all those Franco fans and anarchists. I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
Ok, other ideological lines not related with competing nationalisms.
Absent great power interest, both sides could reject austerity, but with present great power line-up embracing austerity could grant foreign support. So defeating the secessionists, paying our debts and getting help from our friends could also be part of the same program.
In general I think smaller conflicts adopt to what greater powers will support. Absent the cold war a lot of conflicts would have been fought between similar groups but with different flags. Some time ago I read an article by a pakistani communist that travelled to North Korea during the heydays of international communism and left with the question of why the North Korean government was considered communist in the first place. My answer would be because they had been accepted in the communist group and therefore were communist by definition. Sweden's finest (and perhaps only) collaborative, leftist e-newspaper Synapze.se
Do we need a separate macro for liberal interventionist? I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
The pro-Russian gangster happened to probably be better for Georgia than the pro-US gangster. But what's good for Georgia was likely to have been some way down the list of criteria for picking him.
it's unlikely that any wars will be fought by "pro-austerity" vs "anti-austerity" forces.
The subthread initiated by the parent comment to this is too deep and is eating into the right margin of the page.
A new diary is strongly recommended. I distribute. You re-distribute. He gives your hard-earned money to lazy scroungers. -- JakeS
Maybe eurogreen could sum up some conclusions on proposed EU policy in case of war in Europe and we can continue from there? Or if someone else wants to sum another proposal for the EU? Or perhaps for the individual, beginners course in spanish for emigrants? Sweden's finest (and perhaps only) collaborative, leftist e-newspaper Synapze.se
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