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"Nationalist, Unionist or Other:" The Poverty of Consociational Politics in Northern Ireland
As John McGarry, one of the chief academic supporters of consociationalism, put it in 1995, "the problem with integrationist solutions political pluralism is that they require a willingness to be integrated, and no such willingness exists in deeply divided societies [TO APPLY EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAWS TO ALL CITIZENS]... Many blacks [SIC] in the United States are now [?] coming to realize, ironically [?], that the separate but equal doctrine in `Plessey v. Ferguson' is more attractive [!] than the separate means unequal [!] doctrine of "Brown v. Board of Education'." This kind of `realism' denies the common experiences of workers in capitalist societies as well as the opinion poll evidence in Northern Ireland showing consistent support for integrating or mixing in schools employment, housing and socially.
While the Good Friday Agreement includes some gestures towards integration, the actual workings of government involve the consociational management of difference. Consociational government aims to produce a kind of voluntary apartheid in which each 'side' chooses among representatives from its own political 'community'.
Consociational government aims to produce a kind of voluntary apartheid in which each 'side' chooses among representatives from its own political 'community'.
Tonight I will suspend disbelief and resist every temptation to skip to the conclusion. Diversity is the key to economic and political evolution.
The reader is to fault the Mamluks and Venetians for not keeping tidy records like the Genoese who taxed. This is also to pardon reliance on anecdote and subsequent dodgy empirical representations of vol and val. I anticipate much confusion in description, if any, of trade balances between colonies ("factors" as they were known to the Atlantic trade) and the several kingdoms.
From Caffa to Aleppo! Crimea! I must say, I do appreciate the digression outlining the "Golden Horde" khan dynasty politicking and multi-ethnic constituencies, because fine distinctions between Mamluk turk-circassian-tatar-kipchak sultanates, khanates, and amirs controlling Genoese and Venetian colonies, ports, and supply/demand creation which emptied into the Mediterranean had challenged my imagination. Imagine my surprise to learn Uighur/Uyghur was the written not spoken language of Mongols before it was an oppressed terrorist minority in China or joke at the Al Smith Dinner.
At various junctures (of evasive moral turpitude) I find myself comparing this business to Time on the Cross, the massive Class Struggle in the Ancient Greek World, or the most brief examination of Mycenaean riches, "Anatolian Women in the Linear B Texts. A General Review of the Evidence": slaves or economic migrants? Diversity is the key to economic and political evolution.
"Tech companies have their own politics, and those political agendas seep through to the news that they choose to display" on their pages.
"Seep through" is an understatement. Diversity is the key to economic and political evolution.
Google and FaceBook are in Brand-Protection mode. They see what happened to Twitter and they don't want it to happen to them. She believed in nothing; only her skepticism kept her from being an atheist. -- Jean-Paul Sartre
The Wuzhen conference, which until this year has had a primarily local presence, is designed to globally promote the country's vision of a more censored and controlled internet. The attendance of leaders from two of the world's most valuable tech giants lends credibility to China's efforts to influence the global internet so it better resembles its own [...] Apple has come under fire for cooperating with Chinese authorities in removing apps that give users there uncensored communications. In November, Apple complied with government orders to pull Microsoft Corp.'s Skype phone and video service from the Chinese version of its popular app store. Cook used an earnings call with investors to justify such moves, saying it obeyed the laws of the markets where it operates [...] Technology of the future should have openness, creativity and safeguards to protect users while providing privacy and decency, he added. It's a goal that, according to Cook's Chinese hosts, can only be accomplished through more laws and regulations that control what can be shared online. Politburo member Wang called for a global emergency response team that would respond in times of crisis using new and undetermined measures. China goes far beyond censoring content that could support terrorists and criminals. It also blocks Facebook, Twitter and many Western commercial and educational web sites.
Apple has come under fire for cooperating with Chinese authorities in removing apps that give users there uncensored communications. In November, Apple complied with government orders to pull Microsoft Corp.'s Skype phone and video service from the Chinese version of its popular app store. Cook used an earnings call with investors to justify such moves, saying it obeyed the laws of the markets where it operates [...]
Technology of the future should have openness, creativity and safeguards to protect users while providing privacy and decency, he added.
It's a goal that, according to Cook's Chinese hosts, can only be accomplished through more laws and regulations that control what can be shared online. Politburo member Wang called for a global emergency response team that would respond in times of crisis using new and undetermined measures. China goes far beyond censoring content that could support terrorists and criminals. It also blocks Facebook, Twitter and many Western commercial and educational web sites.
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