On 15 August 1947 when India became independent, Jawaharlal Nehru became Prime Minister of the country, with Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel as Deputy Prime Minister and 12 other members forming the Cabinet. Thus, as India celebrates the 75th year of its independence, one can see how far its cabinet system has also matured.
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Cabinet government in India, thus, presents a fascinating picture of an evolving institution that was nurtured by the first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru since the days of the interim government in September 1946. It was retained after independence and debated intensely by Nehru and Patel during its functioning in the post-partition and independence days. They were also supported by the chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution, Dr B.R. Ambedkar.  Thus, this Westminster institutional arrangement that evolved in the United Kingdom (UK) since the 18th century through its history of an unwritten ever-evolving Constitution was transposed with a rare zeal in post-independent India. It has acquired its own character and style of decision-making given India's evolving party system and emerging nature of political leadership. It is significant that the debate on the prime ministerial form of government, which started in the UK in the 1960s and evolved over two centuries, began in India in the mid-1950s and intensified since 1970. The era of the coalition government, without much strengthening of the cabinet government, weakened this debate. The Narendra Modi government is decidedly prime ministerial, pushing the cabinet government once again into the shadows.

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