The European Tribune is a forum for thoughtful dialogue of European and international issues. You are invited to post comments and your own articles.
Please REGISTER to post.
Come on, Cat. You understand this stuff better than most of us. Give us the synthesis. It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II
What is step 1 of system design? Define the absolute goal (purpose, objective, output, identity) of the program, ie. do not assume a null hyposthesis, eg. "normal," aka harmonized, behaviors attributed to each Single Market sovereign nation-state [LIST].
What is step 2 of system design? Identify (declare) enterprise requirements necessary to obtain the goal. Define the terms (variable, input) of its expression: (a) functions aka process and (b) variable aka things—independent, dependent, and constant values; value persistence (scope): global, local
PAUSE. Let "crisis" signify undefined problem sets, or barriers, that impair the enterprise goal.
REVIEW press release. APPLY steps 1 and 2. Case A: The Single Market Emergency Instrument Case B: European Media Freedom Act
Which announcement specifically describes its system goal?
(7) For the purposes of this Regulation, the definition of a media service should be limited to services as defined by the Treaty and therefore should cover any form of economic activity [TEU citation?]. This definition should exclude user-generated content uploaded to an online platform [sic] unless it constitutes a professional activity normally [sic] provided for consideration (be it of financial or of other nature) ["dis|likes"? "up|down votes"? "un|friend"? "rank"?]. It should also exclude purely private correspondence, such as e-mails, as well as all services that do not have the provision of audiovisual or audio programmes or press publications as their principal purpose, meaning where the content is merely incidental to the service and not its principal purpose, such as advertisements or information related to a product or a service provided by websites that do not offer media services [wtaf]. The definition of a media service should cover in particular television or radio broadcasts, on-demand [wut] audiovisual media services, audio podcasts[,] or [paper? digital?] press publications. Corporate communication and distribution of informational or promotional materials for public or private entities should be excluded from the scope of this definition
(9) The definition of audience measurement should cover measurement systems developed as agreed by industry standards within self-regulatory [!] organisations, like the Joint Industry Committees, and measurement systems developed outside such self[-]regulatory ["engagement"?] approaches. The latter tend to be deployed by certain online players [sic] who self-measure [!] or provide their proprietary [!] audience measurement systems to the market, which do not necessarily abide by the commonly agreed industry standards. Given the significant impact [sic] that such audience measurement systems have on the advertising and media markets, they should be covered by this Regulation. (10) State advertising should be understood broadly as covering promotional or self[-]promotional activities undertaken by, for[,] or on behalf of a wide range of public authorities or entities, including governments, regulatory authorities[,] or bodies as well as state-owned enterprises or other state-controlled entities [!] in different sectors, at national or regional level, or local governments of territorial entities of more than 1 million inhabitants [wtaf]. However, the definition of state advertising should not include emergency messages by public authorities which are necessary, for example, in cases of natural or sanitary disasters [!], accidents or other sudden incidents that can cause harm to individuals.
sub Define emergency situations.
Today, the U.S. Department of the Treasury issued Iran General License (GL) D-2 to increase support for internet freedom in Iran by bringing U.S. sanctions guidance in line with the changes in modern technology since the issuance of Iran GL D-1. On Wednesday, the Iranian government cut off access to the Internet for most of its 80 million citizens to prevent the world from watching its violent crackdown on peaceful protestors sparked by the brutal death of Mahsa Amini in the custody of Iran's Morality Police. While Iran's government is cutting off its people's access to the global internet, the United States is taking action to support the free flow of information and access to fact-based information to the Iranian people. The updated guidance will authorize technology companies to offer the Iranian people more options of secure, outside platforms and services. [...] • Adds covered categories of software/services to include social media platforms, collaboration platforms, video conferencing, as well as cloud-based services... • Provides additional authorization for the services that support the communication tools... • GL D-2 continues to authorize anti-virus and anti-malware software; anti-tracking software; mobile operating systems .... • Removes the condition that communications be "personal," which was resulting in compliance burdens for companies .... • For activity not covered by GL D-2, expands existing case-by-case licensing policy, particularly to allow Iranian developers to create homegrown anti-surveillance and anti-censorship apps, which many Iranian people rely upon to circumvent domestic internet controls.
The "Augury" platform includes highly sensitive network data that Team Cymru, a private company, is selling to the military. "It's everything. There's nothing else to capture except the smell of electricity," one cybersecurity expert said. [...] "The network data includes data from over 550 collection points worldwide, to include collection points in Europe, the Middle East, North [and] South America, Africa[,] and Asia, and is updated with at least 100 billion new records each day," a description of the Augury platform in a U.S. government procurement record reviewed by Motherboard reads. It adds that Augury provides access to "petabytes" of current and historical data. ...
A U.S. State Department spokesperson later said of Friday's updated license that it was self-executing and that "anyone who meets the criteria outlined in this general license can proceed with their activities without requesting additional permissions."
Musk [tweet] replied "Activating Starlink ..." to Secretary of State Antony Blinken tweeting that the US government had taken action to increase internet freedom for Iranians.
(coincidental 25 Sep home streaming, Zero Days (2016)
Al Jazeera | Why Elon Musk's Starlink will not affect protests in Iran, 26 Sep
Citing "security concerns", [IR] authorities have introduced the tightest internet ["cyber"] restrictions across Iran since the November 2019 protests.
What would Starlink need to work? In addition to a subscription service [client app], Starlink terminals [any receiver, eg. modem, mobile phone] - hardware that would allow the user to connect [to ICT data transmission?] - are required [nope] to link up.
It is possible that if Starlink's [NSA] plans do actually move ahead, Iran could turn to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the international communications regulatory body of the United Nations, or other authorities to legally protest the move. "The issue is that a company probably can't offer services over Iran by violating international regulations. It's possible the Islamic Republic will file a credible complaint against the company and create problems for it," tweeted Jadi, a prominent Iranian developer and tech blogger.
"The issue is that a company probably can't offer services over Iran by violating international regulations. It's possible the Islamic Republic will file a credible complaint against the company and create problems for it," tweeted Jadi, a prominent Iranian developer and tech blogger.
Local websites and services have remained online so as not to affect the domestic economy. And some internet providers, especially private companies, have been less affected than others. But for people using the country's largest [telecom] providers such as MCI [!] and Irancell ["public broadcast service"), using their mobiles [!] and getting the internet at home has become more difficult...
But for people using the country's largest [telecom] providers such as MCI [!] and Irancell ["public broadcast service"), using their mobiles [!] and getting the internet at home has become more difficult...
by Frank Schnittger - May 23 2 comments
by Frank Schnittger - May 27 3 comments
by Frank Schnittger - May 5 22 comments
by Oui - May 13 65 comments
by Carrie - Apr 30 7 comments
by Oui - May 303 comments
by Frank Schnittger - May 273 comments
by Oui - May 2712 comments
by Oui - May 24
by Frank Schnittger - May 232 comments
by Oui - May 1365 comments
by Oui - May 910 comments
by Frank Schnittger - May 522 comments
by Oui - May 449 comments
by Oui - May 312 comments
by Oui - May 29 comments
by gmoke - May 1
by Oui - Apr 30271 comments
by Carrie - Apr 307 comments
by Oui - Apr 2644 comments
by Oui - Apr 886 comments
by Oui - Mar 19143 comments