The dramatic shift to a war footing [for parties to the conflict] is creating a supply chain crisis in Europe as defence manufacturers struggle to ramp up production to replenish national stockpiles as well as maintain supplies to Ukraine.
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"It is a war about industrial capacity," said Morten Brandtzæg, chief executive of Norway's Nammo, which makes ammunition and shoulder-fired weapons.
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It has led to a scramble to source materials, from chemicals for explosives to metals and plastics for fuses and artillery shell casings. Most companies have increased production shifts ahead of expected orders from national governments, and are hiring more people, another challenge since the start of the pandemic [!].

Yves Traissac, deputy chief executive at military explosives producer Eurenco, said the company is looking to increase production capacity to meet the higher demand from customers that include Germany's Rheinmetall and Britain's BAE Systems.
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Mick Ord, chief executive of Britain's Chemring, which supplies a range of explosives and propellants to defence contractors, said some customers have asked if it is possible to "increase output of certain materials by 100-200 per cent".
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UK-based Denroy, which makes shell casings and other components for a range of defence companies, has benefited from pre-ordering certain materials such as polymers and composites.
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