Daily CO2, NOAA Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii
CO2 past | CO2 now | CO2 future ppm ...
NASA Vital Signs
NOAA direct and proxy measurements
Orbiting Carbon Observatory, OCO-2 dashboard
"Global environmental changes observed by NASA, ESA, and JAXA"

"our atmosphere"

archived cone of silence in Geotherapy Not Geoengineering, Please

Japan, US agree to cooperate on geothermal energy, 15 Apr marketing plan

The ["memorandum of commitment"] signed by Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm and Japan's minister of economy, trade and industry, Yasutoshi Nishimura, says that geothermal energy is recognized as a "renewable energy technology that the United States and Japan can work together to advance."
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The agreement did not specify expected spending but said each side would bear the costs associated with their own activities.
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So far, Japan's geothermal capacity has been underutilized. It has dozens of small power plants run on the steaming hot springs dotted across the country, but together they account for less than 1% of its total power generating capacity.
[...]
Biomass and geothermal power also contribute less than 1% of U.S. generating capacity, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

wut

The U.S. has the largest estimated geothermal potential, according to Japan's National Industrial Institute of Science and Technology, followed by Indonesia and Japan.

"Currently, Indonesia has about 2.28 gigawatts of installed geothermal power capacity; the US has 2.6 gigawatts of installed geothermal power capacity, the most in the world." wow.

But Japan ranks 9th in installed geothermal power generating capacity, while the U.S. is The Global Leader™.

Silent Library of Project Finance

Pumping Heat a Mile Underground Is Helping One City Cut Carbon (2023)

The experimental technology, called aquifer thermal energy storage, pumps hot water 1,300 meters below the surface, then brings it back up for use in municipal systems known as district heating when it's needed. If all goes as planned, by next year the technology will be able to provide heat to more than 13,000 households.

Energy storage is a crucial component of any transition to a lower-carbon economy. The primary sources of renewable energy, wind turbines, and solar collection panels, provide power only when the wind is blowing or the sun is shining. So they must be augmented either by conventional plants that can be brought quickly on- and off[-]line to meet shifts in demand, or by storage systems.

World's largest compressed air grid "batteries" will store up to 10GWh (2021)

technology that's been in use for decades is compressed air energy storage (CAES), which can store energy on a grid scale and is billed as having the reliability of pumped hydro, without the same constraints on where you can build it. The McIntosh Plant that's been running in Alabama since 1991 is still one of the largest energy storage plants in the world, at 110 MW and 2.86 GWh. The new Hydrostor®facilities are set to snatch the title though, providing almost twice the storage capacity. They will run on an updated version of the technology called advanced compressed air energy storage (A-CAES).

Compressed Air Energy Storage, 2016 - 2023

Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is based around the gas turbine cycle. Surplus power is used to compress air using a rotary compressor and then store it, often in an underground chamber. When the power is required, it is released from the chamber and passed through an air turbine that generates electricity from the flow of high pressure air. Output from the plant can be boosted by burning natural gas in the high pressure air before it enters the air turbine, as would happen in a conventional gas turbine. However this has the penalty of producing carbon dioxide emissions, which the plain storage plant does not. More advanced plants can store heat during air compression and releasing it during the expansion phase. Only two commercial CAES plants have ever been built.
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