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Migeru: Blogging the Liberal Democrat Conference: Day One by Migeru September 16th, 2007
The Euro was barely mentioned, but there was an intervention by someone from "The City" which I'll report here. He started out with the claim that London is subsidising the rest of the UK through its tax revenues which, as we know (ahem), are due mostly to London's position at the centre of the world's capital markets. He mentioned that the Euro Zone is taking over from the US as a global standard-setter in finance, and that this is driving international banks to establish offices in London, which (see above) is good for the UK economy. So the Euro is good for Britain because of that. But, of course, that doesn't mean that the UK should trade the Pound for the Euro. And here's where I really felt like slapping the guy to wake him up: he said there wouldn't be a case for the UK joining the Euro Zone unless and until there's some serious economic crisis which is not what "the current hiccup" is.
The alacrity with which the neo-libs have become neo-Keynesians
They are no more "neo-keynesians" that the Pauslon bailout of friends was "socialism." We are storign up trouble if we let them steal more words while they still do the same as before: pile in debt on all of us to help a few. In the long run, we're all dead. John Maynard Keynes
(But if y'all want to take on debt to help me, I don't mind... ;))
A year from now parity will be a distant curiosity.
Economically the pound should have been eliminated back in the late 90s. It was always a footnote on the NuLab ticklist, because pushing harder for it would have been political suicide.
So 'should' and 'will' are completely different questions. The answer to 'should' is Euro entry is the only thing that can save the UK from double digit inflation and interest rates of 15-20% a year or two from now. I'm sure the two year requirement could be waived at short notice, on the grounds that the UK won't get another chance to show practical interest in joining any time soon.
But 'will' is still beyond a last resort, politically. It would take food riots and martial law before it could be considered seriously in Whitehall - or at least a plausible threat of same.
I'd be impressed if Brown suggested joining ahead of time, but I'm not expecting that happen. The Tories would be even less likely to suggest it, for obvious reasons.
My suspicion is that the UK will join the Euro far too late, if at all, and that the Germans will not be over eager to accommodate them - as they are not now over eager to adopt the Brown strategy for European recovery. Bottom line - Germany will call the shots. notes from no w here
The possibility that there might be loss of face, or strings and conditions, not to mention a certain implicit payback, really isn't on the radar here.
The UK could point out that the City has been convenient for various semi-legal and illegal laundering and tax evasion schemes which have had tacit EU support, so it's not as if the EU is an innocent party. But that might be a little too overt and wouldn't be in the spirit of the game as it's played.
This is worrying because UK as Iceland 2.0 is far from unlikely. We do still have manufacturing and engineering industries of a sort, and Brown has been muttering about green this and that. We also have unexpectedly strong media and broadcast industries, and if it were up to me I'd be pushing the creative industries next to sustainable greenery as a replacement for finance - because we have the talent, but most of it is being wasted or sidelined.
Really we're in a 70s-style transition moment now - from Old Economy to New Economy.
Back then Thatcher and the Friedman Freaks were ideally placed to push through their idea of progress. Currently green tech and creative media are an obvious next step, but neither have the lobbying power nor the so-called intellectual and academic support that finance had at the time, so any transition is likely to be much less smooth and much more dangerous.
I.e. the Pound just reached the region of its lowest valuation after being expulsed from the ERM. *Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
Why change now? There are no structural factors to offset that long-term decline, and some which will accelerate it, at least in the short term. notes from no w here
I'm not saying It's wrong - I just don't see a clear mechanism (whereas the German reunification explanation comes with a pretty neat story).
- Jake Friends come and go. Enemies accumulate.
Property prices in Britain have risen dramatically between 1996 and 2005.
One interpretation of the drivers of this persistent overvaluation would be a Dutch disease story, where the role of the natural resource sector in the standard version of the Dutch disease is taking by the UK banking sector. In this interpretation, a long financial industry bubble in the UK has driven up the real exchange rate in the whole economy and crowded out other sectors producing internationally tradable commodities. The recent sharp depreciation of sterling corrects this long-standing anomaly
Which is all well and fine, but according to the graph, the revaluation of the £ happened in '94-'96 against the D-Mark. So the question appears to remain, even if the name of the British PM has to be swapped to whoever it was before Bliar.
Youngster :-) 1993: Clinton, 1994: Wim Kok, 1996: Persson, Prodi, 1997: Bliar, Jospin, 1998: Schröder - that was the centre-left Third Wayist (well, except for Jospin) march into power. *Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
Well, you were not that old in 1997... Most economists teach a theoretical framework that has been shown to be fundamentally useless. -- James K. Galbraith
I found a real gem for you.
HOME ECONOMICS FOR THE NINETIES | Independent, The (London) | Find Articles at BNET
...Driven by stockmarket bonuses, foreign investment buyers (principally from Hong Kong and Singapore) and a shortage of the "right" properties, the capital's heated market is seen, by this faction, as the portent of a Second Coming for a nationwide upturn in house prices - regardless of the election results. (Rival agency Knight Frank recently made the dry comment, that it doesn't see the "widely predicted victory for Labour" having a significant effect on the market because "the economic policies of the Labour party do not appear to be dramatically different to those of the current Government".) "Of course, it's nothing like the Eighties boom," said a Savills Surrey consultant in a silk bow tie. "Ten years ago, it didn't matter if a house was as ugly as sin and sat on a main road, people would buy it at any price. These days, buyers are much more fussy and still very cautious." Let's hope he's right, because signs of the crowd hysteria which underlined the 1988 boom-time peak are beginning to re-emerge.
The date of the article is... 27 April 1997. Pretty prescient. *Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
*Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
Euro - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
After the introduction of the euro, its exchange rate against other currencies fell heavily, especially against the U.S. dollar. From an introduction at US$1.18/, the euro fell to a low of $0.8228/ by 26 October 2000. After the appearance of the coins and notes in 1 January 2002 and the replacement of all national currencies, the euro then began steadily appreciating, and soon regained parity with the U.S. dollar, on 15 July 2002. Since December 2002, the euro has not again fallen below parity with the U.S. dollar but instead began an ascendency. On 23 May 2003, the euro surpassed its initial ($1.18) trading value for the first time. At the end of 2004, it reached $1.3668 (0.7316/$) as the U.S. dollar fell against all major currencies. Against the U.S. dollar, the euro temporarily weakened in 2005, falling to $1.18 (0.85/$) in July 2005, and was stable throughout the third quarter of 2005. In November 2005 the euro again began to rise steadily against the U.S. dollar, hitting one record high after another. On 15 July 2008, the euro rose to an all-time high of $1.5990 (0.6254/$). In a reversal, in August of 2008 the euro began to drop against the U.S. dollar. In just two weeks the euro fell from its peak to $1.48 and by late October it reached a two and a half year low below $1.25.[59] On 12 December 2008, the pound sterling fell to an all-time low of £0.89235 (1.1206/£) against the euro.[60]
the usa might be about to get re-aquainted with the joys of manual labour to a barely imaginable degree, but at least they have enough land to feed themselves.
the english are a few beers, and a few more factories closing, away from mob rule.
and what a charming mob!
anglo disease has consequences, and chickens have a way...
prediction: the next monarch will take the electric bus with the rest of the folks while going to work on the community farm.
charles has done his homework, i wish you could say that about more brits, toffs or not.
'The history of public debt is full of irony. It rarely follows our ideas of order and justice.' Thomas Piketty
good question
i can only say that if the monarchy has any sustainability going forward, it will thrive better under chucky than it will in its present constipated form. 'The history of public debt is full of irony. It rarely follows our ideas of order and justice.' Thomas Piketty
This is certainly compatible with Jerome's diagnosis, and with Migeru's ideas about the relative weakness of the € around the time of its introduction.
The German reunification, OTOH, does not strike me as overwhelmingly obvious in that figure.
As per upthread: the re-start of the housing boom; and also London having its part in the dotcom boom (but even London was left on the sidelines by Wall Street by 1999); both of which meant a flood of foreign capital. *Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
Indeed the DEM never had it so good as in the first few years after Reunification. Reunification might still have a effect if investors 'realised' the economic problems around it with delay. Redstar however will surely point blame at Bundesbank policy in those years. *Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
Bloomberg.com: News
``The bleak outlook for the economy has led to a lot of disappointment and that's putting pressure on the pound,'' said Lutz Karpowitz, a currency strategist in Frankfurt at Commerzbank AG, Germany's second-biggest lender. ``Whichever way you look at it, there's no good news from the U.K.'' The pound traded as low as 82.38 pence per euro... The pound may depreciate to 84 pence in the next ``couple of weeks,'' Karpowitz said. ...Last Updated: November 12, 2008 03:27 EST
``The bleak outlook for the economy has led to a lot of disappointment and that's putting pressure on the pound,'' said Lutz Karpowitz, a currency strategist in Frankfurt at Commerzbank AG, Germany's second-biggest lender. ``Whichever way you look at it, there's no good news from the U.K.''
The pound traded as low as 82.38 pence per euro... The pound may depreciate to 84 pence in the next ``couple of weeks,'' Karpowitz said.
...Last Updated: November 12, 2008 03:27 EST
My bolding. It actually weakened that low the same day. In an article later that day, the same quote is included -- I wonder if the editor felt funny or just didn't pay attention:
The pound traded as low as 84.12 pence per euro, the weakest since the single currency's introduction in 1999, and was at 83.82 by 4:27 p.m. in London. It fell to $1.4972, dropping below $1.50 for the first time since June 2002, from $1.5384. The pound may depreciate to 84 pence in the next ``couple of weeks,'' Karpowitz said. ...Last Updated: November 12, 2008 11:28 EST
...Last Updated: November 12, 2008 11:28 EST
...there is nothing that cannot be explained as a (long overdue) correction of a persistent overvaluation of sterling - a misalignment that has biased the economic playing field against industries, both exporting and import competing, that would have had a fairer crack of the whip at a more reasonable exchange rate. One interpretation of the drivers of this persistent overvaluation would be a Dutch disease story, where the role of the natural resource sector in the standard version of the Dutch disease is taking by the UK banking sector. In this interpretation, a long financial industry bubble in the UK has driven up the real exchange rate in the whole economy and crowded out other sectors producing internationally tradable commodities. The recent sharp depreciation of sterling corrects this long-standing anomaly.
One interpretation of the drivers of this persistent overvaluation would be a Dutch disease story, where the role of the natural resource sector in the standard version of the Dutch disease is taking by the UK banking sector. In this interpretation, a long financial industry bubble in the UK has driven up the real exchange rate in the whole economy and crowded out other sectors producing internationally tradable commodities. The recent sharp depreciation of sterling corrects this long-standing anomaly.
Although the nominal Debt to GDP ratio is c. 40% of GDP, some authorities now estimate the real Debt GDP ratio to be closer to 100% once all the contingent liabilities taken on by the Bank nationalisations are taken into account - the highest figure for over 50 years.
Yes, well, Alice at UKhousebubble.blogspot. was kind enough to post a graph of UK "external debt" that linked to Spectator.co.uk. The one to the left the other of the pair. I take it "external debt" comprises government bonds ("gilts") as well as corporate bond and securities held by foreign investors. Note that the graph merely describes rates of change rather than absolute value outstanding. Evidently, investors "fled" to UK debt quality over the period. The Spectator's blogger implies a crash in roll-over corporate debt is imminent:
"Narrow it down to short-term debt, ie IOUs that have to be paid back within a year, and the picture grows even bleaker. It adds up to 300% of GDP - six times that of France whose loans are long-term. Saunders says, with some understatement, that this makes "the UK economy and financial system highly vulnerable when, as now, global banking and capital flows dries up." I would suggest that Ireland's miracle industrial growth over the past decade is vulnerable to the similar credit dependencies more so than ForEx ties to the UK.
I didn't find the Saunders source material, but I did discover his opinions are rather ubiquitous, in the manner of Delong and his "good friends" Mankiw and Furman. Saunders appears at silobreaker.com (what an amusing masthead!). He also publishes at MarketWatch. As the Euro-contributor to the January 2007 bulletin, "Benign Outlook Reinforced," (pdf) his analysis betrays his rank in the silo. Consider one top-line: "M3 appears increasingly uncorrelated with GDP in the short- and medium-term, while credit to firms overstates the growth of total liabilities." In his section Saunders clarifies "credit to firms" is a head-line for excessive leverage encouraged by low interest rates, cascading from the ECB setting over all. Which strikes me as odd since ECB resisted despite much press acrimony FRB formulations 2007-2008. Perhaps Saunders was somewhat biased by UK-IR securities marketing and firm-level data. I dare not speculate on that matter. His observation about cumulative corporate debt and "total financing" exceeding capacity is well taken. Diversity is the key to economic and political evolution.
It adds up to 300% of GDP
Fuck.
Rancid shark steak - here we come.
I don't see the bank nationalisations as a problem - as long as they're paying their way, they're not a key debt.
More worrying is the long-term PFI fix, which was was always designed to take government borrowing off the official balance sheet, but will have the unfortunate effect of back loading repayments so that various councils and social services become less and less able to afford them.
If the short term debt figures are accurate - and bear in mind the Spectator is a Tory rag - that's quadruple plus ungood.
MarketTrustee:
I would suggest that Ireland's miracle industrial growth over the past decade is vulnerable to the similar credit dependencies more so than ForEx ties to the UK.
Although the Sterling area is our biggest single market, the Eurozone, taken as a whole, is much bigger. I suspect most Irish corporate borrowing is in Euros - interest rates have been low, and why take on exchange risk?
The problem for the Brits is that with so much of their borrowing denominated in $ and , they have to pay back so much more as Sterling depreciates.
Longer term this can be offset by the improved competitiveness of Sterling based companies, but short term it must make their borrowings look pretty scary.
For many companies, there may be no long term. notes from no w here
Ireland's miracle industrial growth
Analogies to bigger countries are often pretty much vacuous, just like they were when the neo-libs were singing the praises.
Comparison by total population isn't the point of my comment. The point of my comment is comparison, if any, to structure, or composition, of the labor force and perforce domestic demand for certain skills. The so-called service sector is non-farm and non-manufacturer. Now, the types of occupations that comprise the service sector have varied over time, for example, to exclude "gardeners" but include "landscapers", real estate agents and customer service reps as well as "independent software vendors" (ISVs). In any case and as a matter of asset production, such employment classes are not coupled to durable assets and are historically speaking extremely vulnerable to substitution effects, ergo unemployment and prevailing (non-unionized) wage competition, in both B2B supply chains and consumer DI markets.
Now, the welfare costs, if any, to the state is a function of the size and composition of the labor force. Of course, the cost would be greater in the US than in Ireland simply because of the population differential. So that is an uninteresting observation.
The truly interesting hypothesis of cost and unemployment rates depend on composition characteristics. Diversity is the key to economic and political evolution.
Sounds like the province of Madrid... Most economists teach a theoretical framework that has been shown to be fundamentally useless. -- James K. Galbraith
This article re Ireland is first rate: McWilliams is excellent.
Brace yourself now for the Deckland Depression
In fact Ireland is the most exposed EU country of all, and what is coming there will test the Euro to destruction, I think.
Unlike the UK, where housing values are underpinned by a shortage of building land, Ireland has a huge oversupply of newly developed property, developments in progress, and overpriced "banked" land zoned for building.
Irish land prices have collapsed - and the decline has been accelerating, I was told. Virtually all Irish banks - but the "Builders Bank" Allied Irish in particular - are sitting on time bombs.
Several people I talked to in Dublin when I gave
this lecture
think that there will be carnage when auditors get to grips in earnest with this year's set of bank accounts.
McWilliams sets out brilliantly how viciously he sees a depression kicking into the Irish private sector in the DeckLand suburbs...
Brace yourself now for the Deckland Depression - David McWilliams - Independent.ie
Commuter towns such as Naas, Arklow and Navan are likely to be hit hardest and the people who will lose their jobs and, eventually, their homes are the very ones who bought into the boom most. They are the young working families, largely employed in white-collar jobs, who believed the hype and bought the new houses, complete with decking and barbeques, close to the top of the market. They are the Decklanders and Ireland is about to endure the great "Deckland Depression". A few years ago, it was all so different. Deckland, that vast expanse of new suburbs, which emerged in the past 10 years, was the most optimistic place in the country. It was young, energetic and despite the snobbishness of many commentators who believed that these new towns were soulless, Deckland was as vibrant and community-focused as any new suburb has ever been. If you dispute this contention, look at the growth of community organisations like the GAA or new school rolls in the commuter counties. Deckland was Ireland's "Babybelt"; and for many thousands of people, Deckland represented a New Ireland, where people could settle, own their own houses and begin the great Irish process of trading up. Deckland embodied the essence of the New Irish Dream, where the population was on an upwardly mobile conveyor belt, propelled by the twin forces of easy credit and rising house prices. Everyone could be a winner.Now all that is shattered and the dream is over. Unemployment is rising fastest in these areas, house prices are falling quickest and a recent survey indicated that the most insecure part of the workforce are young, heavily committed white collar workers.
Commuter towns such as Naas, Arklow and Navan are likely to be hit hardest and the people who will lose their jobs and, eventually, their homes are the very ones who bought into the boom most. They are the young working families, largely employed in white-collar jobs, who believed the hype and bought the new houses, complete with decking and barbeques, close to the top of the market. They are the Decklanders and Ireland is about to endure the great "Deckland Depression".
A few years ago, it was all so different. Deckland, that vast expanse of new suburbs, which emerged in the past 10 years, was the most optimistic place in the country. It was young, energetic and despite the snobbishness of many commentators who believed that these new towns were soulless, Deckland was as vibrant and community-focused as any new suburb has ever been. If you dispute this contention, look at the growth of community organisations like the GAA or new school rolls in the commuter counties. Deckland was Ireland's "Babybelt"; and for many thousands of people, Deckland represented a New Ireland, where people could settle, own their own houses and begin the great Irish process of trading up. Deckland embodied the essence of the New Irish Dream, where the population was on an upwardly mobile conveyor belt, propelled by the twin forces of easy credit and rising house prices. Everyone could be a winner.
Now all that is shattered and the dream is over. Unemployment is rising fastest in these areas, house prices are falling quickest and a recent survey indicated that the most insecure part of the workforce are young, heavily committed white collar workers.
Ireland has, fortunately, a small enough GDP that a government guarantee of 2-3 times GDP is has been put in place is only about 5% of the Eurozone's GDP. Ireland may become a wholly owned subsidiary of the European Central Bank, but it won't take the Euro down with it.
However, the days where the EU could have a monetary union and no EU-wide fiscal or industrial policy are likely over. Most economists teach a theoretical framework that has been shown to be fundamentally useless. -- James K. Galbraith
P.S. To answer CoffeeHousers' query, this is "external debt" by the IMF definition, which is gross. (And does not include contingent liability, just debt). One must take into account that Britain is likely to have proportionately greater net assets whose value would be amplified by sterling's plunge. But how much greater? I'll keep hunting. Every crisis is different, and each has its own metrics. It was our concentration on the metrics of the last crisis (inflation) that blinded so many to the causes of this crisis (debt).
If they are in derivatives, dodgy mortgages and other asset bubbles and Ponzi schemes, then you are looking at a massive default.
As always the bottom line is income. Repayment is dependent on income, irrespective of sources. Of course, many of us are watching in wonder as central bankers connive QoQ by ForEx and mineral reserves to "ease" the obligations of their most favored clientele. Diversity is the key to economic and political evolution.
Fraser Nelson is trying to scare us by pointing out that the UK's external debt is equivalent to 400% of our GDP.Actually, on the most obvious measure, he understates the true amount. National Statistics say our external liabilities were £6.7 trillion in Q2 - 461% of our annualized GDP. (Tables D and K of this pdf).What he doesn't say is that our overseas assets are also big. They`re £6.4 trillion. So our net overseas liabilities are just £309.4bn, 21.2% of annualized GDP. This is largely a reflection of the fact that we've been running small current account deficits for ages.
United States[1] $13,703,567 6/30/2008 $42,343 31-March-08 99.95% 2 United Kingdom $10,450,000 6/30/2007 $189,855 Q4 2007 376.82% 3 Germany $4,489,000 6/30/2007 $54,604 30-Jun-07 159.92% 4 France $4,396,000 6/30/2007 $68,183 30-Jun-07 211.86% 5 Netherlands $2,277,000 6/30/2007 $136,795 30-Jun-07 352.75% 6 Ireland $1,841,000 6/30/2007 $448,032 30-Jun-08 960.86% 7 Japan $1,492,000 6/30/2007 $45,287 30-Jun-07 34.93% 8 Switzerland $1,340,000 6/30/2007 $509,529 30-Jun-07 441.95% 9 Belgium $1,313,000 6/30/2007 $126,202 30-Jun-07 348.74% 10 Spain $1,084,000 6/30/2007 $176,019 30 June 2007 est. 79.65% 11 Italy $996,300 12/31/2007 $124,049 30-Jun-07 55.35%
Wow, 6th. in the whole world for gross external debt, for such a small country!!
Looks like Ireland has a much bigger problem, although, again, we don't know what the NET debt is, and the degree of currency risk involved. notes from no w here
Then I looked at the definition:
List of countries by external debt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"External debt" is defined as the total public and private debt owed to nonresidents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services
Small countries has more international trade per capita, as borders are passed more often. Trade yields debt, and if trade is equal then debt is equally on both sides of the border, giving both countries more external (as opposed to internal) debt. A country can be on the top of the external debt list and have no problems at all if it has assets to cover every one of those debts on a moments notice.
So I would say that external debt in it self says very little. Sweden's finest (and perhaps only) collaborative, leftist e-newspaper Synapze.se
The earlier finger-pointing underscored the fault lines in Europe between those such as Mr Brown who believe in spending their way out of the downturn, and others such as Mr Steinbrück who are resisting calls to increase borrowing. The attack by Mr Steinbrück - from the left-wing Social Democratic Party, which is in coalition with Ms Merkel's Christian Democrats (CDU) - delighted British Conservatives. In an interview in Newsweek magazine he ridiculed the British Government's recovery plan, in particular the cut in VAT from 17.5 per cent to 15 per cent. "We have no idea how much of that stores will pass on to customers. Are you really going to buy a DVD player because it now costs £39.10 instead of £39.90?" Mr Steinbrück said. "All this will do is raise Britain's debt to a level that will take a whole generation to work off. The same people who would never touch deficit spending are now tossing around billions. The switch from decades of supply-side politics all the way to a crass Keynesianism is breathtaking."
The earlier finger-pointing underscored the fault lines in Europe between those such as Mr Brown who believe in spending their way out of the downturn, and others such as Mr Steinbrück who are resisting calls to increase borrowing. The attack by Mr Steinbrück - from the left-wing Social Democratic Party, which is in coalition with Ms Merkel's Christian Democrats (CDU) - delighted British Conservatives. In an interview in Newsweek magazine he ridiculed the British Government's recovery plan, in particular the cut in VAT from 17.5 per cent to 15 per cent.
"We have no idea how much of that stores will pass on to customers. Are you really going to buy a DVD player because it now costs £39.10 instead of £39.90?" Mr Steinbrück said.
"All this will do is raise Britain's debt to a level that will take a whole generation to work off. The same people who would never touch deficit spending are now tossing around billions. The switch from decades of supply-side politics all the way to a crass Keynesianism is breathtaking."
Thus spake Steinbrück!
Independent assessment of the UK government's total budget (not just the VAT decline) by the IFS (no friends of the Labour party, I would note):
BBC NEWS | Business | Economic slowdown hits borrowing
And overall government debt will rise rapidly from the current level of 40% of GDP to peak at nearly 60% by 2013/14 before the government believes it can stabilise the budget gap.
German government borrowing as a percentage of GDP?
Well, in 2007, it was estimated at...
CIA - The World Factbook -- Rank Order - Public debt
20 Germany 64.90 % 2007 est.
Actually there are good reasons.
Maybe I should ask for a student loan bail-out! Maybe I should move back to France and quit my first job in Canary Wharf, east London:( . The honeymoon would have lasted for not so long...Have any of you ever been there? (Canary Wharf I mean) It looks like an island with arguably imposing buildings that host big financial institutions (such as defunct Lehman Brothers'). What is funny is that the whole place is surrounded by a (very) poor neighbourhood. It is almost iconic to me, reminiscent of some futuristic comics...
Ed.
You don't seem to have got the message that the stimulus package is for the rich, not the poor. The poor need to have an incentive to work, so you can't give them any handouts... notes from no w here
The temporary VAT cut is LUDICROUS! And I realised that in the UK the City (and its extension,i.e. Canary Wharf) dictates the rules...
The other day, I was talking to my friends from University and asking them why the people here liked living (way) above their means so much? The reason they put forward was cheap credit and its relatively easy obtention thereof. It's almost as if they believed all those seemingly tempting credit card / cheap loan deals can make you into a millionaire! I really don't want to concede that Brits are so gullible as to accept ever more debt. I think it's more of a sociological ill in the end. Inevitably, people will have to become more reasonable...
I'm being way too analytical anyway; I should remember that the markets are very shaky at the moment and I could be whisked off at any time:) So I should just enjoy everyday as my last, save as much money as possible (in "falling GDP" haha), and well... wish you all a happy weekend!
Eddie.
The Government would win a referendum on the euro if it came out in favour of British membership of the single currency, an influential poll showed yesterday. The Government would win a referendum on the euro if it came out in favour of British membership of the single currency, an influential poll showed yesterday.Britons would vote narrowly to abolish the pound provided the Government said its tests for the euro were met and the country's leaders campaigned in favour of joining.An NOP poll for the investment bank Barclays Capital found that under those conditions, 40 per cent would support UK membership of the euro, and 39 per cent would vote against.Barclays said it was the first time an independent UK survey had found a majority in favour of the euro. Opposition to entry without government backing also softened. A net balance of 27 per cent would oppose joining, compared with 31 per cent last month."It is very clear from our research that there has been a major shift in attitudes towards the euro in the last few months," David Hillier, Barclays Capital's chief UK economist, said.The poll triggered a fresh row between the lobby groups on either side of the euro debate. Britain In Europe said the launch of euro notes and coins had reduced opposition. The No Campaign said it was always possible to get a "funny result" from a hypothetical question. "The public are two to one against, despite distorted media coverage of the euro launch being a success," a spokesman said.Patricia Hewitt, Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, became the latest cabinet minister to back the euro. In a speech on the manufacturing industry, she said the pound's exchange rate against the euro was "causing difficulties" for British firms."The potential benefits of euro membership in terms of trade, transparency, costs and currency stability lead us to support it in principle," she said.
The Government would win a referendum on the euro if it came out in favour of British membership of the single currency, an influential poll showed yesterday.
Britons would vote narrowly to abolish the pound provided the Government said its tests for the euro were met and the country's leaders campaigned in favour of joining.
An NOP poll for the investment bank Barclays Capital found that under those conditions, 40 per cent would support UK membership of the euro, and 39 per cent would vote against.
Barclays said it was the first time an independent UK survey had found a majority in favour of the euro. Opposition to entry without government backing also softened. A net balance of 27 per cent would oppose joining, compared with 31 per cent last month.
"It is very clear from our research that there has been a major shift in attitudes towards the euro in the last few months," David Hillier, Barclays Capital's chief UK economist, said.
The poll triggered a fresh row between the lobby groups on either side of the euro debate. Britain In Europe said the launch of euro notes and coins had reduced opposition. The No Campaign said it was always possible to get a "funny result" from a hypothetical question. "The public are two to one against, despite distorted media coverage of the euro launch being a success," a spokesman said.
Patricia Hewitt, Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, became the latest cabinet minister to back the euro. In a speech on the manufacturing industry, she said the pound's exchange rate against the euro was "causing difficulties" for British firms.
"The potential benefits of euro membership in terms of trade, transparency, costs and currency stability lead us to support it in principle," she said.
In the autumn of 2007, just over a third (34%) of UK citizens believed that membership of the European Union was a good thing with 31% taking a neutral view and 28% saying that membership was `a bad thing'. http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb69/eb69_uk_exe.pdf notes from no w here
Time I took my meagre assets out of Sterling! notes from no w here
For myself, I just pretty much took a shot in the dark saying that the UK is monumentally screwed, but the rest of the Union will cut a deal to keep it in the ERM at roughly around parity - in exchange for a boatload of concessions on other points.
I expect much wailing and gnashing of teeth.
Even on ET: Shall we do a countdown of oil prices? Even the decoupling theory is still a bit under the "to be seen" category (although in the short term watching the UK is surely to be "fun" and to go as expected).
The "specialist" is overrated, especially in soft sciences.
Refer to my signature... Most economists teach a theoretical framework that has been shown to be fundamentally useless. -- James K. Galbraith
If the British are forced to choose; it very well may be the US even with the systemic problems it faces.
I do not believe Britain with 'The City' in ruins and an almost non existent exporting manufacturing sector can survive without either using a wealth tax on the elites (never happen), becoming extremely attractive to outside investors as a sort of 'multi Monaco' due to the civility and educated class of Londoners in addition to the combination of devalued currency and assets or finally making a deal to be the 51st state except in name and ceremony.
The pound slumped to fresh lows against the euro today as the two currencies edged closer to parity. At its low, £1 bought just £1.1102 euros -- its latest in a series of record plunges against the single European currency in recent days. Some holidaymakers travelling to Europe from Britain are reportedly already receiving less than one euro for their pound at bureaux de change, where commission is charged. Sterling has dropped around 13 per cent against the euro in the past two months as the Bank of England has slashed interest rates in its attempt to stave off a deep and prolonged recession. UK rates have dropped to 2 per cent, below those in the eurozone after a 1.5 per cent cut in November and a 1 per cent cut earlier this month, which has compounded the pound's woes. The weaker currency could provide a boost to UK exporters but the economic woes of major export markets such as the US and Europe is hitting demand. It is thought short-selling -- where investors sell assets such as shares or currencies in the hope of buying them back later at a lower price and pocketing the difference -- is also behind the pound's slide.
The pound slumped to fresh lows against the euro today as the two currencies edged closer to parity.
At its low, £1 bought just £1.1102 euros -- its latest in a series of record plunges against the single European currency in recent days. Some holidaymakers travelling to Europe from Britain are reportedly already receiving less than one euro for their pound at bureaux de change, where commission is charged. Sterling has dropped around 13 per cent against the euro in the past two months as the Bank of England has slashed interest rates in its attempt to stave off a deep and prolonged recession. UK rates have dropped to 2 per cent, below those in the eurozone after a 1.5 per cent cut in November and a 1 per cent cut earlier this month, which has compounded the pound's woes. The weaker currency could provide a boost to UK exporters but the economic woes of major export markets such as the US and Europe is hitting demand. It is thought short-selling -- where investors sell assets such as shares or currencies in the hope of buying them back later at a lower price and pocketing the difference -- is also behind the pound's slide.
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