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The Monolith Crumbles: Reality and Revisionism in Iran

by ghandi Thu Mar 2nd, 2006 at 12:51:52 PM EST

Crossposted at Empire Burlesque

It is a well-known fact – except among the American media, the American government, and about 98.7 percent of the American people – that Iran is not a monolithic state where sheep-like masses bray with a single voice in chorus with their demented leaders, but is, on the contrary, a complex society where many conflicting opinions on matters political, religious, social, historical, etc., contend with each other in open debate. True, it does have a government dominated by repressive clerics, who exercise the kind of veto power over secular law that George W. Bush's vaunted "base" dreams of seeing established in the United States; but Iran is far more open than, say, Saudi Arabia or China, just to name two countries where the Bush Family and friends have long engorged their bellies through insider connections with the ruling cliques.


Therefore it must have come as a great shock to the system for Americans this week to hear Iran's former president, Mohammad Khatami, rail against the ignorant Holocaust revisionism mouthed by his successor, the hardline flibbertigibbet Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. (Excerpts after the jump below.) Or rather, it would have come as a shock to the American system to hear Khatami's words – if Americans had actually been told about them. But it serves no interests among America's own ruling cliques to dilute the current line of the day: that Iran is a hellhole of unremitting evil, a new Nazi Germany led by a new Hitler. So Khatami's remarks, reported widely elsewhere in the world, were not allowed to disturb the lie-drugged slumber of the American consciousness.

No one knows what dark dreams stir in Ahmadinejad's noggin, of course; he seems from most accounts to be an unpleasant character, as rabid fundamentalists usually are, proud of his willful ignorance, which he mistakes for steadfast integrity. (The type is not unknown among world leaders today.) However, in coming to grips with the Iran "crisis" that is being forced upon us, there are two salient facts to keep in mind.

First of all, Ahmadinejad's malevolent blather does not represent the entirety of the Iranian people – or even the entirety of the Iranian government, as even a cursory examination of current Tehran politics shows – any more than George W. Bush and his rapacious gang of cronies and cranks represents the entirety of the American people. (Although at the moment, Bush has far greater control over the American government than Ahmadinejad has in Iran.)

Second, and perhaps most importantly, it is highly unlikely that Ahmadinejad would have ever been elected president if Bush and his crony-cranks had not relentlessly and ruthlessly undercut every attempt by the moderate government of Khatami to forge a new relationship between Iran and the United States. The greatest opportunity came after September 11, of course, when Iran sought to help the US break al Qaeda, a common enemy that threatened both nations. But Bush and his circle, as we now know, were not interested in breaking al Qaeda or fighting terrorism; they were interested in "establishing a military footprint" in Iraq, as part of a wide-ranging plan to "project dominance" over the energy resources of the Middle East and Central Asia, while fomenting "creative destruction" throughout the region, in the belief that when the resultant rivers of blood had at last subsided, there would be a series of obedient client regimes installed in Iraq, Iran, Syria, Afghanistan and elsewhere – including, in the dreams of some of the crankiest cronies, new, even more obedient American satraps in Egypt and Saudi Arabia.

Therefore, there could be no accommodation with moderate elements in Iran; on the contrary, the existence of a moderate faction within the Iranian power structure could only be a hindrance to the Bushists' avowed goals. How could you maintain the profitable, fear-fomenting image of a dastardly nation – a member of the "axis of evil," no less – bent on the destruction of "the American way of life," if its leaders are trying reach an accommodation with you, if they speak of moderation, of a "dialogue among civilizations"? Khatami – already hemmed in by the hardline mullahs, unable to deliver all of his promised domestic reforms – was also left with nothing to show for his moderate foreign policy. Instead, Bush confirmed the mullah's criticism of Khatami: "You reach out to the infidels, and what do you get? They spit in your face, they try to destroy us."

(There is a remarkable parallel here to the curious dynamic between Bush and Osama bin Laden, whereby almost every action undertaken by Bush tends to confirm bin Laden's vision of the world: "You see? I told you America was a Crusader Nation bent on attacking Islam – and now Bush has invaded Iraq and all its holy sites for no reason whatsoever. You see? I told you America regards Muslims as nothing more than dogs and beasts – now see how they treat our brothers in their secret prisons!" And so on and depressingly on. Even Bush himself has acknowledged this odd symbiosis, when, just this week, he admitted that bin Laden's (or "bin Laden's") sudden appearance in the closing days of the 2004 presidential election tipped the race in his favor. As Eric Alterman and others have noted, bin Laden is more than savvy enough to know that such an intervention would have precisely that effect: bolstering Bush. Both men need each other to stoke the fear and hatred they feed upon.)

Just as the September 11 attacks were openly regarded by the Bushists as an "opportunity" for implementing their long-planned militarist agenda – "Through my tears, I see opportunity," Bush declared just days after the strike – so too the election of Ahmadinejad was a god-send for the gang: a hard-line goon straight out of central casting, waving the red flag of Holocaust-denial before the world. Now some serious warmongering and fear-fomenting could be done! For who would defend such a moral cretin? Through him, you could defame and dehumanize an entire nation: the necessary prerequisite for any mass blood-letting you have in mind.

But one doesn't have to defend Ahmadinejad – or Khatami, for that matter – in order to oppose the instigation of a foolish and murderous military action against Iran. It is self-evident that such an action would kill thousands of innocent people and set in motion a chain of monstrous consequences beyond anyone's control – including the certainty of more terrorism and    more hatred for America, the great likelihood of global economic ruin, and the very real possibility of actually launching the world war between the West and Islam that the Bushists like to pretend is already taking place.

Yet that appears to be where we are heading. Although some say that the Bushists are now too weak politically and perhaps militarily to strike at Iran – an argument that is more of a projected wish than a reality, I fear – no one should ever underestimate the foolishness, recklessness, avarice, greed and callousness of the Bush Faction. The disaster in Iraq stands as indisputable proof of their own moral cretinism and incompetent folly.

So it would be nice if the American people could be given a more variegated view of Iran, as represented in the comments below from Khatami and some of the Iranian press. But where's the "opportunity" for war profits, war powers and world dominance in that?
Excerpts from Agence France Presse:
Iran's former reformist President Mohammad Khatami has described the Holocaust as a "historical reality" - a stinging attack on his controversial and revisionist  successor Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. "We should speak out if even a single Jew is killed. Don't forget that one of the crimes of Hitler, Nazism and German national socialism was the massacre of innocent people, among them many Jews," the cleric said in comments carried in the Iranian press  Wednesday.

The Holocaust, he asserted, should be recognized "even if this historical reality has been misused and there is enormous pressure on the Palestinian people." Ahmadinejad has caused international outrage by insisting the Holocaust was a myth used to justify the creation of Israel.

Khatami served as Iran's president from 1997 to 2005, and attempted to open up Iran to the West and initiate a "dialogue among civilizations" - in stark contrast to the ultra-conservative agenda of Ahmadinejad. The former president, who has shied away from the political limelight since leaving office, also asserted Muslims were not out to persecute Jews.

"The persecution of Jews, just like Nazism, is a Western phenomenon. In the east, we have always lived side by side with them. And we follow a religion that states that the death of an innocent person is the death of all of humanity," Khatami said…

Ahmadinejad also came under attack from the prominent and centrist Shargh newspaper, which complained that "the Holocaust has, as wished for by the president, become a topic of our foreign policy. The Jewish question was never a problem for Iran or Islam, and is a Christian-European problem," the paper argued. "Don't we have enough with the nuclear question, human rights, free elections and political in-fighting, so do we need to add another problem to that?" it said, saying Iran would be better off "thinking of the creation of a Palestinian state rather than the destruction of Israel."

Crossposted at Empire Burlesque

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Thanks for the info. However, Iran isn't all that free as far as debate goes. If you think of the place as having four factions - hardliners (Ahmainejad type), establishment theocrats (Khameni, Rasfanjani), theocracy with a human face (Khatami type) and people who want to abolish the theocracy altogether (muzzled, frequently jailed and tortured if they try to become active, occasionally murdered).  It is true that Ahmadinejad has less power than the establishment theocrats, but he's got a hell of a lot more than the currently thoroughly marginalized cautious reformers that were led by Khatami. The democratic side of government is only semi-democratic in reality since full blown opponents are always barred from running and reformers often are. In any case it has less power than the non-democratic explicitly theocratic branch.  It still makes Iran one of the more free countries in the region but being better than Saudi Arabia or Syria really isn't saying much.
by MarekNYC on Thu Mar 2nd, 2006 at 03:52:48 PM EST
....Is a Bazaari - a merchant, and represents the ancient art of the Traders. I think this is more important than any of his theocratic output. He is far from being a Fundamentalist or even a Theocrat. Any statements of his that could be construed as such are a bit of shop window dressing.

I don't know what 'ism' you would call the wheelers and dealers of the Middle East. It is not capitalism. It is closer to Bushism in the concept of a free market coupled with the mosques handling social services, financially supported by rich merchants voluntarily giving excess profits to the mosques. This is the business wealth + religious charity model. And it has worked since a thousand years before the USA was founded.

You can't be me, I'm taken

by Sven Triloqvist on Fri Mar 3rd, 2006 at 03:56:00 AM EST
[ Parent ]
An extremely interesting primer on Persian history has been done in a series of diaries on the big orange:

LINK

Scroll down to start at the first part of the series.  Worthwhile reading, particularly for those who think that Iranian history starts with the fall of the Shah.

by dmun on Thu Mar 2nd, 2006 at 07:44:20 PM EST
I think the US population is suffering from war fatigue. The US military is suffering from battle fatigue. In addition much of the stockpile of weaponry needed to fight a new war has not been replenished. Putting all this together I think the chances of real military action in the near future are remote.

Saber rattling, however, is a time-tested method for influencing foreign policy. It is one of the few options available to the US at present. Wasn't there something about a paper tiger during the last military failure?

Policies not Politics
---- Daily Landscape

by rdf (robert.feinman@gmail.com) on Fri Mar 3rd, 2006 at 01:22:48 PM EST
I imagine you are correct in saying
Putting all this together I think the chances of real military action in the near future are remote.
But as our discussion in Gnomemmot 0 seems to show, it will take a minimum of 5 years for Iran to gain nuclear weapons.  On the one hand, that means that there is plenty of time for leading countries to form a consensus about Iran, for their to be real negotiation and compromise in Iran, and for time to play out in the sense of things just change.  But on the other hand, that's a long time for Iraq to get settled, for the US military to reboot.  And though things look very good for a more liberal (shifting to the left) Congress in the November elections, we must remember that every national election from 1994 on, with the exception of re-election of Clinton, has moved the US in a more conservative direction.  And the Democrats have an incredible propensity to blow opportunities.

It's hard to know to what extent 9/11 and national security will be major issues in the mind of the electorate in 4 or 5 years.  And I'm not totally pessimistic as to how this time period could play out--Iran could moderate, Western countries could accept a nuclear armed Iran--all these are possibilities.

but there is a major issue regarding Israel's reaction if Iran does go nuclear.  What will they do?  And the US military, which IMO, will be ready to go in 2--4 years, could get dragged in to a conflict originating with Israel and Iran.  But, then again, the US could always stay out, and let the players in the mid-east play out their hands.

by wchurchill on Sat Mar 4th, 2006 at 11:52:14 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The US staying out of the game? You don't need to be a Fukuyama to know this won't happen.

I agree that the US, even if a bit exhausted now, will be able to muster strength and attack Iran if it wants to and provided that Iran produces weapons in about 5 years. This is actually a problem as nobody seems to be able to predict with accuracy how long it will take Iran to produce weapons. The conservative estimates actually say 15 years.

How Israel will react is also interesting, yes. I don't think they'd attack Iran: weapons are just for leverage. Also, Israel will still have to deal with Palestine - unless, of course, thanks to Putin's diplomacy lessons Hamas becomes a paragon of virtue and among other things severs ties with Iran.

by Brownie on Sun Mar 5th, 2006 at 02:32:02 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The conservative estimates actually say 15 years.
Check out our discussions on Gnomemoot 0, and you will see where the 5 years come from.  I found that discussion to be very thorough, and the sense really was that five years would be super aggressive, but the idea was to bound it on the aggressive side.  I recommend the discussion.
by wchurchill on Sun Mar 5th, 2006 at 02:37:26 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Yes. This is what a story
from the New York Times, which i used to be in love with:), says:

Analysts like Mr. Albright and Ms. Hinderstein of the Institute for Science and International Security put the earliest date Iran might produce a weapon at 2009.
To date, the most comprehensive public estimate is by the International Institute for Strategic Studies, an arms analysis group in London. "If Iran threw caution to the wind," John Chipman, the institute's director, said, it might be able to make fuel for a single nuclear weapon by 2010.
Dr. Samore, who edited that report and is now at the MacArthur Foundation, said the Iranians might see political advantage in a more deliberate approach, doing nothing provocative until after 2015 or even 2020.


by Brownie on Sun Mar 5th, 2006 at 03:02:09 AM EST
[ Parent ]
New York Times, which i used to be in love with:)
I think we all go up and down on newspapers.  Once the NY Times was my bible.  but after living in London for many years, IMHO, the NYT is a far second to the London times, and particularly the Sunday times.  No real comparison.  Even in America, NYT no longer leads, once again, IMO.
by wchurchill on Sun Mar 5th, 2006 at 04:58:18 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Yes, that's whaty i've heard others say. Gore Vidal, for example, says that the European press is doing a much better job in terms of providing more sides to a story.

And maybe it's just my imagination, but in the British press, especially in columns and the books and art section, i see humor that i don't find in the NY Times.

What i do like about the NY Times, that i sometimes don't see in the Guardian - the one i usually read, is longer stories with more context. Or maybe i need to switch do a different paper.

by Brownie on Sun Mar 5th, 2006 at 05:30:38 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Such a rich diary, Ghandi, thanks!

I really wonder why American media didn't cover Khatami's speech. Was it due to ulterior motives alone? I also wonder how Khatami was allowed to make these comments. I am still not convinced that Iran is a place that cherishes free speech.

I think you're right to claim that the US actually contributed to Ahmadinejad's rise to power. It seems that since 1953, the US has had a leading role in allowing inappropriate Iranian leaders (by Western standards at least) to get into power. After all, the Revolution of 1979 was a consequence of disappointment with the pro-Western Shah. (This is off-topic, but i recently had to write a paper claiming that it is inappropriate for the US to apologize to Iran for Operation Ajax right now because the US needs all the authority in front of Iran and an apology would ruin this.)

Similarly, the U.S. is also going to strengthen Iran's resolve to make a bomb after it agreed to share civilian nuclear technology with India. It will also make it so much easier for Iran to defend its nuclear program. Here's what a New York Times column from today says:

The India deal is exactly the wrong message to send right now, just days before Washington and its European allies will be asking the International Atomic Energy Agency to refer Iran's case to the United Nations Security Council for further action. Iran's hopes of preventing this depend on convincing the rest of the world that the West is guilty of a double standard on nuclear issues. Mr. Bush might as well have tied a pretty red bow around his India nuclear deal and mailed it as a gift to Tehran.

by Brownie on Sun Mar 5th, 2006 at 02:19:28 AM EST


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